![\"clip_image002\"](\"https:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/clip_image002-2.jpg\" "\\"clip_image002\\"")
<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/b><\/p>\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1
B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/b><\/b><\/p>\n
<\/b><\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u00ec ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 “nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m”, ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Th\u1ef1c ra, hai ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau: \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00e0ng Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI v\u00e0 XVII, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c2u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/p>\n
<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/b><\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e0ng Trong, \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean<\/b><\/p>\n
Hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i<\/i> xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i n\u00e0o ghi r\u00f5.<\/p>\n
Theo \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Nam B\u1eafc ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5,<\/i> \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n nam B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh, m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t ra dinh B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh (t\u1ee9c dinh Ngo\u00e3), l\u1ea5y s\u00f4ng Gianh l\u00e0m bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n Hy T\u00f4ng Hi\u1ebfu V\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf <\/i>[ch\u00faa S\u00e3i] l\u00fac m\u1edbi l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t Nam B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh <\/em>[<\/strong>1]<\/a>, \u0111\u1eb7t dinh B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh (t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Dinh Ngo\u00e3) l\u1ea5y s\u00f4ng Gianh l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n gi\u1edbi (ph\u00eda b\u1eafc s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh Ngo\u1ea1i, thu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec1u L\u00ea, ph\u00eda nam s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh N\u1ed9i, thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n tri\u1ec1u c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1eafc B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh <\/em>[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 ghi vi\u1ec7c “l\u1ea5y s\u00f4ng Gianh l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n gi\u1edbi<\/i>“, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1eefng t\u00ean \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i.<\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u1ecbnh Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e1nh nhau b\u1ea9y l\u1ea7n. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00faa S\u00e3i chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n nam B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh, x\u1ea9y ra trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, n\u0103m 1630<\/i>: Sau khi \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eafp xong l\u0169y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng D\u1ef1c \u1edf b\u1edd nam s\u00f4ng Nh\u1eadt L\u1ec7 (thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi), qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfm ph\u00eda nam ch\u00e2u B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb phi\u00e1 b\u1eafc s\u00f4ng Nh\u1eadt L\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u00e1 nam s\u00f4ng Gianh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, s\u00f4ng Gianh ph\u00e2n chia Nam B\u1eafc.<\/i><\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, <\/i>\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong s\u00e1ch K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong <\/em>[3]<\/a> c\u1ee7a Cristoforo Borri, vi\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng 1618-1622, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0ng Trong. <\/i><\/p>\n Ri\u00eang t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1eef B\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Gaspar d’Amaral, vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 31-12-1632, \u1edf Th\u0103ng Long, c\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean<\/i>. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh m\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ed7 Quang Ch\u00ednh d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 nguy\u00ean v\u0103n ch\u1eef B\u1ed3:<\/p>\n \u0111\u00e0ng tla\u00f5, \u0111\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e0ng tli\u00ean: \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea7n “th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nam, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf phi\u00e1 trong; th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec, \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i; th\u1ee9 ba, \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf tr\u00ean” (\u00e0 1\u00b0, comme\u00e7ando do Sul, cham\u00e3o, \u0111\u00e0ng tl\u00e3o, que quer dizer, camiho de dentro; \u00e0 2\u00b0 \u0111\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0y, q quer dizer, caminho de fora; \u00e0 3\u00b0, \u0111\u00e0ng tl\u00ean, que quer dizer, camoinho de cima). \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Cao B\u1eb1ng do nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c cai tr\u1ecb. <\/em>[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n V\u1eady ba ch\u1eef “\u0111\u00e0ng tla\u00f5, \u0111\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e0ng tli\u00ean (\u0110\u00e0ng Trong, \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean)<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c, nh\u1edd l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Gaspar d’Amaral v\u1ec1 hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean<\/i>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Amaral ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n gi\u1ea3n y\u1ebfu Vi\u1ec7t-B\u1ed3-La \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 Alexandre de Rhodes s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t-B\u1ed3-La, sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb khi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, n\u0103m 1558, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 chia ba:<\/p>\n – Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n – Thanh H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 An thu\u1ed9c vua L\u00ea, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh. <\/p>\n – Nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c \u1edf Th\u0103ng Long. <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1593, Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u0103ng Long, h\u1ecd M\u1ea1c b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i l\u00ean Cao B\u1eb1ng. V\u1eady \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1594, khi M\u1ea1c K\u00ednh Cung tr\u00f9ng tu th\u00e0nh c\u0169 Cao B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp kinh \u0111\u00f4, th\u00ec trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean,<\/i> ch\u1ec9 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, thu\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c. Nh\u1edd nh\u00e0 Minh can thi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cao B\u1eb1ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean,<\/i> 83 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ebfn 1677, m\u1edbi b\u1ecb d\u1ee9t h\u1eb3n.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u00e0ng tla\u00f5, \u0111\u00e0ng ngo\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e0ng tli\u00ean, <\/i>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gaspal d’Amaral ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, <\/i>t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1632, v\u1eeba ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng; v\u1eeba <\/i>n\u00f3i l\u00ean vi\u1ec7c chia ba \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/i>, t\u1eeb khi h\u1ecd M\u1ea1c ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean Cao B\u1eb1ng. V\u00e0 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1594, ba t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, \u0110\u00e0ng Tr\u00ean<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong d\u00e2n gian.<\/p>\n Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i><\/b> v\u00e0 K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Hai cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 “b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0110\u00e0ng Trong” l\u00e0 Nam<\/i> Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed <\/i>c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam v\u00e0 K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng trong<\/i> c\u1ee7a Cristoforo Borri.<\/p>\n Vua Minh M\u1ea1ng l\u00ean ng\u00f4i n\u0103m 1820, n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng ra l\u1ec7nh thu th\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 so\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh s\u1eed, cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n<\/i>, ch\u1ec9 phong ph\u00fa t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Gia Long tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau; c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi c\u00e1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n, v\u00ec t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u, n\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n ghi trong Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i>, b\u1ecf b\u1edbt ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed <\/em>[5]<\/a>, theo d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam so\u1ea1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 22, \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Minh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Chu (1719) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed <\/i>(c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Gia v\u0103n ph\u00e1i, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 L\u00ea, Tr\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, so\u1ea1n kho\u1ea3ng 1804) g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng coi s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed ch\u00ednh quy nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft. <\/em><\/p>\n <\/em>\u00d4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi ch\u00faa Minh V\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 so\u1ea1n, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m b\u1ecba nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft<\/i>,\u201d \u00f4ng c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft: “V\u0103n h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd kh\u00e1 th\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n sinh th\u1eddi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. B\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ebd \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 chi ti\u1ebft, s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng tin, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i v\u1ec1 sau. Duy ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u00f4ng d\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u v\u0103n hay \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec ta ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean xem l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, v\u00e0 n\u00ean huy\u1ec1n nghi v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i<\/i>“[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch s\u1eed vi\u1ebft sau, nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ee7 bi\u00ean t\u1ea1p l\u1ee5c<\/i> c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n (1776)[7]<\/a>, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c Ti\u1ec1n bi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n, C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c<\/i>, \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i> c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng theo l\u1ec7 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9. N\u0103m 1906, linh m\u1ee5c Cadi\u00e8re, khi vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i Le Mur de \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi<\/i> (L\u0169y \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi)[8]<\/a> c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam (1659-1736), nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, s\u1eed gia, quan ch\u1ee9c. \u00d4ng n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00e2n, thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng; nh\u1edd \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, t\u1eeb khi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1 n\u0103m 1600 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Ng\u00e3i Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u0103n (1687-1691). \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o Gia-T\u00f4 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 hai vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<\/i>, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, cho n\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0o, trong Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i>.<\/p>\n B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, l\u00e0 K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> c\u1ee7a Cristoforo Borri, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Relation de la Nouvelle Mission des p\u00e8res de la Compagnie de J\u00e9sus au royaume de la Cochinchine (K\u00fd s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 S\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cha D\u00f2ng T\u00ean \u1edf v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u00e0ng Trong) <\/i>vi\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng 1620-1622, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u00e0ng Trong s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t, vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i>, g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp k\u00fd s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m Borri \u0111i truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, t\u1eeb 1618 \u0111\u1ebfn 1622, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef (d\u0129 nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Alexandre de Rhodes t\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n Cristoforo Borri l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng d\u1ef1ng nghi\u1ec7p <\/b><\/p>\n N\u0103m 1527, M\u1ea1c \u0110\u0103ng Dung c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 L\u00ea.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Kim, c\u1ef1u th\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, tr\u1ed1n sang Ai Lao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua L\u00e0o gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, cho v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf C\u1ea9m Ch\u00e2u (thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn Thanh Ho\u00e1).<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Kim t\u00ecm con vua L\u00ea Chi\u00eau T\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean l\u00e0m vua t\u1ee9c L\u00ea Trang T\u00f4n, c\u00f3 Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 gi\u00fap, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n Kim g\u1ea3 con g\u00e1i l\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc B\u1ea3o cho.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1540, Nguy\u1ec5n Kim \u0111\u00e1nh Ngh\u1ec7 An. N\u0103m 1542, \u0111\u00e1nh Thanh Ho\u00e1. N\u0103m 1543, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 Ngh\u1ec7 An l\u1eabn Thanh Ho\u00e1, b\u00e8n ch\u1ecdn T\u00e2y \u0111\u00f4<\/i> l\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 t\u1eeb 1400, l\u00e0m kinh \u0111\u00f4 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 L\u00ea trung h\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1545, Nguy\u1ec5n Kim m\u1ea5t. Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 \u1edf T\u00e2y \u0111\u00f4. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1570, Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng, con Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m, \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c kh\u1ecfi Th\u0103ng Long, \u0111\u01b0a vua L\u00ea v\u1ec1. Th\u0103ng Long tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4ng kinh <\/i>t\u1ee9c \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f4 <\/i>\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi T\u00e2y kinh<\/i> t\u1ee9c T\u00e2y \u0111\u00f4<\/i>, kinh \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 H\u1ed3 \u1edf Thanh Ho\u00e1. Hai ch\u1eef \u0110\u00f4ng kinh<\/i> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec v\u1edbi Tokyo, kinh \u0111\u00f4 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha phi\u00ean \u00e2m \u0110\u00f4ng kinh<\/i> th\u00e0nh Tunchim,<\/i> Tumkin, v.v<\/i>… <\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Kim c\u00f3 hai con trai l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n U\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng. Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m l\u1eadp m\u01b0u gi\u1ebft Nguy\u1ec5n U\u00f4ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng lo s\u1ee3, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb l\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc B\u1ea3o (v\u1ee3 Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m) xin Ki\u1ec3m cho v\u00e0o tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1. Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m \u01b0ng thu\u1eadn, v\u00ec Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1-Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c l\u00e0 L\u1eadp B\u1ea1o l\u00e0m Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ecdp. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1558.<\/p>\n L\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf \u00c1i T\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n Theo Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1: “Chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o c\u1eeda Y\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t (C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t), \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t n\u1ed5i, thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 \u00c1i T\u1eed, huy\u1ec7n V\u0169 X\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i>“[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n b\u1ed9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n, d\u00f9ng m\u01b0u, gi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u1eadp B\u1ea1o, t\u01b0\u1edbng M\u1ea1c, \u0111o\u1ea1t l\u1ea5y binh ch\u1ee7ng[10]<\/a>, l\u1eadp dinh \u1edf \u00c1i T\u1eed,<\/i> huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u0103ng X\u01b0\u01a1ng [\u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u0169 X\u01b0\u01a1ng, nay l\u00e0 Tri\u1ec7u Phong] thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n Theo \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, n\u0103m 1570, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng d\u1eddi dinh \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00e0 B\u00e1t c\u00f9ng huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u0103ng X\u01b0\u01a1ng. Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Dinh C\u00e1t<\/i>.<\/p>\n Theo Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, Dinh C\u00e1t<\/i> \u1edf x\u00e3 Tr\u00e0 Li\u00ean, k\u1ec1 s\u00f4ng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1ch t\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc ch\u1eebng 8 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1[11]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Sau \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng c\u00f2n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 B\u1eafc ba l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa:<\/p>\n – 1559, \u00f4ng ra B\u1eafc ch\u1ea7u vua L\u00ea.<\/p>\n – 1572, \u00f4ng ra B\u1eafc vi\u1ebfng Tr\u1ecbnh Ki\u1ec3m m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1593, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng ra B\u1eafc gi\u00fap Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng d\u1eb9p n\u1ed1t d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3ng nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c, giao cho con trai th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng b\u1ecb Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng c\u1ea7m ch\u00e2n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc trong 8 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb 1597 \u0111\u1ebfn 1600.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1599, Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd M\u1ea1c l\u00ean Cao B\u1eb1ng, t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 B\u00ecnh An V\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ch\u00faa \u1edf ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc, t\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa B\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1600, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfi Nguy\u1ec5n B\u1ec9nh Khi\u00eam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft cho t\u00e1m ch\u1eef “Ho\u00e0nh S\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1i, v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1i dung th\u00e2n<\/i>“[12]<\/a>, b\u00e8n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a.<\/p>\n Tuy v\u1eabn gi\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110oan Qu\u1eadn C\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u L\u00ea, nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng c\u0169ng x\u01b0ng ch\u00faa \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, t\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean<\/i> (1600-1613). N\u0103m 1602, \u00f4ng x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Chi\u00eam Th\u00e0nh, l\u1eadp ra dinh Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean.<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n<\/b><\/p>\n B\u1ed1n con trai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 H\u00e0, H\u00e1n, Th\u00e0nh, Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 H\u1ea3i l\u00e0m con tin \u1edf B\u1eafc[13]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean, con trai th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u00faa S\u00e3i. Sinh n\u0103m 1563, \u0111\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi tr\u1ebb. N\u0103m 1585[14]<\/a>, 22 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i 5 chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd t\u1eb7c[15]<\/a> \u1edf C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t. N\u0103m 1593, 30 tu\u1ed5i, thay cha cai tr\u1ecb v\u00f9ng Thu\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1600 Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eeb B\u1eafc tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. N\u0103m 1602, x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, phong cho Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean, 39 tu\u1ed5i, l\u00e0m Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7. N\u0103m 1613, ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean qua \u0111\u1eddi, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, tr\u1ecb v\u00ec \u0110\u00e0ng Trong t\u1edbi 1635.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, t\u1eeb 1593 \u0111\u1ebfn 1635, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong 42 n\u0103m. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh mi\u1ec1n Trung. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa d\u1ef1ng ba c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong: H\u1ed9i An, Quy Nh\u01a1n, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam v\u00e0 ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y: th\u1eddi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i<\/i>.<\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i (1613-1635), \u0111\u1ea5t \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh t\u1edbi Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean, c\u00f3 7 dinh:<\/p>\n 1- Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh<\/i> (ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean l\u1eadp).<\/p>\n 2- B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh<\/i> (ch\u00faa S\u00e3i l\u1eadp).<\/p>\n 3- Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1 <\/i>(c\u00f3 \u00c1i T\u1eed v\u00e0 Tr\u00e0 B\u00e1t, l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh dinh, thu\u1ed9c Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1).<\/p>\n 4- Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.<\/i><\/p>\n 5-<\/i> Qu\u1ea3ng Nghi\u00e3 <\/i>(t\u1ee9c Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i).<\/p>\n 6- Qui Nh\u01a1n.<\/i><\/p>\n 7- Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean<\/i> (Ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean l\u1eadp).<\/p>\n H\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau, th\u1eddi V\u00f5 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Kho\u00e1t (1738-1765), \u0110\u00e0ng Trong c\u00f3 12 dinh:<\/p>\n 1- Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n<\/i>, ch\u00ednh dinh.<\/p>\n 2- \u00c1i T\u1eed<\/i>, c\u1ef1u dinh.<\/p>\n 3- Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 4- V\u0169 X\u00e1<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 5- B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 6- Qu\u1ea3ng Nam <\/i>dinh.<\/p>\n 7- Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 8- B\u00ecnh Khang<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 9- B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn<\/i> dinh. <\/p>\n 10- Tr\u1ea5n Bi\u00ean<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 11- Phi\u00ean Tr\u1ea5n<\/i> dinh.<\/p>\n 12- Long H\u1ed3<\/i> dinh.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n B\u00ecnh Khang [t\u1ee9c Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a], B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn, Tr\u1ea5n Bi\u00ean [Bi\u00ean Ho\u00e0], Phi\u00ean Tr\u1ea5n [Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh], b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c Chi\u00eam Th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n L\u1ea1p, do ch\u00faa Hi\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n (1648-1687) chinh ph\u1ee5c, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n Dinh<\/i> hay ph\u1ee7,<\/i> l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi ho\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, sau n\u00e0y Minh M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh t\u1ec9nh<\/i>.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i tr\u1ecb, th\u1eddi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, Ch\u00ednh dinh l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ch\u00faa \u0111\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 Tam ti<\/i>:<\/p>\n – X\u00e1 sai ti,<\/i> gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb t\u1ee5ng, v\u0103n \u00e1n (x\u1eed \u00e1n), c\u00f3 quan \u0110\u00f4 tri<\/i>, K\u00fd l\u1ee5c<\/i> \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i ti<\/i>, gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ebf m\u00e1, c\u00f3 quan Cai b\u1ea1<\/i> \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n – L\u1ecbnh s\u1eed ti<\/i>, gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c t\u1ebf t\u1ef1, c\u00f3 quan Nha \u00fay<\/i> c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n – \u1ede ph\u1ee7, huy\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t tri ph\u1ee7, tri huy\u1ec7n<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 coi vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb t\u1ee5ng (x\u1eed \u00e1n), thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i, th\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i<\/i>, chuy\u00ean vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m x\u00e9t. C\u00f3 hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u1ec5 sinh<\/i>, chuy\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ebf t\u1ef1. C\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c thu thu\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t quan kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 coi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi ch\u00faa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Lan (1635-1648), \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam ch\u1ee9c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea3, ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ea3, n\u1ed9i h\u1eefu, ngo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu,<\/i> l\u00e0 t\u1ee9 tr\u1ee5 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, gi\u00fap ch\u00faa tr\u1ecb d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 quan v\u00f5 th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c: ch\u01b0\u1edfng dinh, ch\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1, cai c\u01a1, cai \u0111\u1ed9i<\/i>.[17]<\/a><\/p>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi Minh M\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u1ecdc k\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Alexandre de Rhodes, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ta.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m t\u1eaft vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 d\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n<\/b><\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o Gia T\u00f4, qua l\u1eddi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i<\/i>. \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng l\u1eddi h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u00faa \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, r\u1ed3i xem c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 s\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai?<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng (1600-1613) \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf \u00c1i T\u1eed, sau chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00e0 B\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Dinh C\u00e1t. Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng qua \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1613, th\u1ecd 89 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean (1613-1635) n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i. N\u0103m 1626, d\u1eddi cung ph\u1ee7 xu\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Y\u00ean, huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110i\u1ec1n (Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean), nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, \u1edf trong dinh Ch\u00e0m, t\u1ee9c dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam hay th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Lan (1635-1648) n\u0103m 1636, d\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng Kim Long, huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00e0 (Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean).<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa Hi\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n (1648-1687) l\u00ean ng\u00f4i n\u0103m 1648, v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf Kim Long.<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa Ng\u00e3i Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u0103n (1687-1691) d\u1eddi ph\u1ee7<\/i> v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n<\/i>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh dinh<\/i>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Hu\u1ebf<\/i>. (Hu\u1ebf l\u00e0 H\u00f3a, t\u1ee9c Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1).<\/p>\n \u00c1i T\u1eed tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh C\u1ef1u dinh<\/i>, gi\u1eef l\u00e0m Th\u00e1i T\u00f4n Mi\u1ebfu, th\u1edd ch\u00faa Hi\u1ec1n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n, t\u1eeb khi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n – \u00c1i T\u1eed (1558-1570), Tr\u00e0 B\u00e1t (1570-1626) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00e1t Dinh<\/i>, \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb (thu\u1ed9c Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n – Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Y\u00ean (1626-1636), Kim Long (1635-1687), Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n (1687) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh Dinh<\/i>, thu\u1ed9c Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: n\u01a1i ch\u00faa \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7<\/i> hay dinh<\/i>, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef kinh \u0111\u00f4.<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/b><\/p>\n N\u0103m 1558, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0o Nam, l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf \u00c1i T\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1593, \u00f4ng ra B\u1eafc gi\u00fap Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng d\u1eb9p n\u1ed1t d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3ng nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c, r\u1ed3i b\u1ecb l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i trong 8 n\u0103m. <\/p>\n N\u0103m 1600, \u00f4ng l\u1eadp m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong.<\/p>\n Theo Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 Nam v\u00e0o t\u1ebft \u0110oan ng\u1ecd m\u00f9ng 5 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m Canh T\u00fd<\/i>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 15-6-1600 <\/i>[18]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef kho t\u00e0ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam x\u1ea9y ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa Nam Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111i th\u0103m c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, th\u1ea5y n\u00fai \u1ea2i V\u00e2n <\/i>[H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n] hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, s\u1eebng s\u1eefng v\u01b0\u01a1n cao, \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00ed t\u1ef1a n\u00fai Ma Thi\u00ean L\u0129nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t Ba Th\u1ee5c. \u0110oan V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng khen m\u00e3i, cho l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00fai k\u1ef3. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e8o \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Hoa <\/em>[19]<\/a> Qu\u1ea3ng Nam xem x\u00e9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf n\u00fai non c\u00e1c n\u01a1i trong x\u1ee9. Th\u1ea5y x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7y ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc; b\u00e8n sai d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n; kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a tr\u1eef th\u00f3c ti\u1ec1n, m\u01b0u toan c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. L\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eed tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho d\u00e2n l\u00e0nh.<\/em>[20]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: “\u0110oan Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng <\/i>[Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng] t\u1eebng \u0111i ch\u01a1i n\u00fai \u1ea2i V\u00e2n, th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m d\u1ed1c, l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1, b\u00e8n qua n\u00fai v\u00e0o ph\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Hoa x\u1ee9 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam tr\u1ea3i xem h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf, r\u1ed3i sai d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0nh dinh v\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec1n<\/i>“[21]<\/a>, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ebft th\u00eam n\u0103m Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7: “N\u0103m Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 ba <\/i>[1602] Nh\u00e2m d\u1ea7n, sai Th\u1ee5y Qu\u1eadn C\u00f4ng Ph\u00fac Nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.” <\/em>[22]<\/a><\/p>\n V\u1eady \u00c1i T\u1eed<\/i>, tuy l\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o. Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i> m\u1edbi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean cho x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i> l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7, t\u00edch tr\u1eef kho t\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0nh dinh<\/i> [dinh ch\u00faa \u1edf khi \u0111i kinh l\u00fd]. Qu\u1ea3ng Nam ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “kinh \u0111\u00f4 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1” c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n.<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao trong h\u00e0nh dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, c\u00f3 cung c\u1ee7a Minh \u0110\u1ee9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1i Phi, b\u00e0 phi c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng. B\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/i> v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u <\/i>c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Gia-T\u00f4. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean: Dinh Cham, Cacham<\/i>, Cacciam, Ke Cham…<\/i> tuy vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 K\u1ebb Ch\u00e0m<\/i>, hay Dinh Ch\u00e0m, <\/i>t\u1ee9c th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/i>. Kho\u1ea3ng 1620, th\u1ebf t\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc K\u1ef3 cho gi\u00e1o s\u0129 de Pina v\u00e0o \u1edf trong Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa, sau H\u1ed9i An v\u00e0 Quy Nh\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/b><\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng, th\u01b0\u1eddng giao cho Th\u1ebf t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb ch\u00faa s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean, con th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng, n\u0103m \u1ea4t D\u1eadu (1585), 22 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i 5 chi\u1ebfc t\u1ea7u ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c (Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd t\u1eb7c) \u1edf C\u1eeda Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha khen l\u00e0 anh h\u00f9ng<\/i>[23]<\/a>, l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u1eeb 1602 \u0111\u1ebfn 1613, sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u00faa S\u00e3i.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1614, ch\u00faa S\u00e3i c\u1eed con tr\u01b0\u1edfng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc K\u1ef3 l\u00e0m Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam [24]<\/a>. Th\u1ebf t\u1eed K\u1ef3 m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1631, em l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Anh thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1635, ch\u00faa S\u00e3i qua \u0111\u1eddi, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Lan l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, t\u1ee9c ch\u00faa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Anh mu\u1ed1n c\u01b0\u1edbp ng\u00f4i anh, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh. Ho\u00e0ng t\u00f4n Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Kh\u00ea, em \u00fat ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, sai H\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea7u B\u00f9i Huy L\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0m t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Anh, gi\u1ebft \u0111i. B\u00f9i Huy L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam[25]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Ch\u00faa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 Kim Long, huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00e0.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m B\u00f9i Huy L\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf t\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n, v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh tan 3 t\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn H\u00f2a Lan \u1edf c\u1eeda Eo, n\u0103m 1643, khi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n Ho\u00e0 Lan kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m b\u00e9n m\u1ea3ng t\u1edbi b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00e0ng Trong n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n Khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 d\u00f2ng T\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0ng Trong (t\u1eeb 1615 \u0111\u1ebfn 1631) d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf t\u1eed K\u1ef3, Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i>, v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00faa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (1635-1648) c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 B\u00f9i Huy L\u01b0\u01a1ng, <\/i>r\u1ed3i th\u1ebf t\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n.<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1eeb 1640 \u0111\u1ebfn 1645, Alexandre de Rhodes tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o \u0110\u00e0ng Trong b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n. Trong k\u00fd s\u1ef1, \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n k\u00eau than:<\/p>\n – B\u1ecb Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i> v\u00e0 Onghebo<\/i> (\u00d4ng Ngh\u00e8 B\u1ed9, t\u1ee9c quan Cai b\u1ea1) truy n\u00e3.<\/p>\n – \u00d4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Onghebo<\/i> l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7<\/i> Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.<\/p>\n – \u00d4ng l\u1ea1i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed t\u1eed Andr\u00e9 Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean, thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin qu\u00fd ho\u00e1 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb linh m\u1ee5c, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng ta vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/b><\/p>\n N\u0103m 1602, ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng ph\u00e1i Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0m Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n B\u1ea3n tri\u1ec1u, Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5 Gia D\u1ee5 Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf <\/i>[Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng] n\u0103m Nh\u00e2m D\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 45, L\u00ea Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba (1602)<\/i>[26]<\/b><\/i><\/a> \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7, cai b\u1ea1 v\u00e0 k\u00fd l\u1ee5c, ba ph\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Hoa, T\u01b0 Nghi\u00e3 v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u00e2n, v\u1eabn l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o dinh <\/i>[Qu\u1ea3ng Nam] n\u00e0y. Ba n\u0103m sau, l\u1ea1i \u0111em huy\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, ph\u1ee7 Tri\u1ec7u Phong thu\u1ed9c Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1 th\u0103ng l\u00e0m ph\u1ee7, l\u00e3nh n\u0103m huy\u1ec7n (T\u00e2n ph\u00fac, Y\u00ean N\u00f4ng, H\u00f2a Vang, Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh, Ph\u00fa Ch\u00e2u) \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ec7 v\u00e0o dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam <\/em>[27]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Ch\u00faa s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp th\u00eam huy\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, ph\u1ee7 Tri\u1ec7u Phong, tr\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, v\u00e0o dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecba ph\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, Quy Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean. Ch\u1ee9c Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u00ec v\u1eady, r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/b><\/p>\n Trong k\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef: Ciam, Cham, Cacciam, Kecham, K\u1ebb Cham… <\/i>nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0: Ch\u00e0m (Ciam, Cham), C\u1ed5 Chi\u00eam (Cacciam) K\u1ebb Ch\u00e0m (Kecham, K\u1ebb Cham), <\/i>\u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 <\/i>ch\u1ec9 <\/i>v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e0m hay Chi\u00eam (Th\u00e0nh) c\u0169, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef Dinh Cham, Dinh Chiem, <\/i>t\u1ee9c Dinh Ch\u00e0m hay Dinh Chi\u00eam, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u00c1i T\u1eed. Ch\u1eafc h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ra \u00c1i T\u1eed bao gi\u1edd, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u00c1i T\u1eed \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n Dinh Ch\u00e0m<\/i> hay th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u01a1i quan Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, ch\u00faa c\u0169ng hay ra ng\u1ef1.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n Th\u00e0nh t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam: “chu vi 489 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng <\/i>[1956m], cao 1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng 2 th\u01b0\u1edbc linh <\/i>[4m80], m\u1edf b\u1ed1n c\u1eeda, h\u00e0o r\u1ed9ng 4 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng 5 th\u01b0\u1edbc <\/i>[18m], s\u00e2u 7 th\u01b0\u1edbc linh <\/i>[2, 8m]. \u0110\u1ea7u b\u1ea3n tri\u1ec1u d\u1ef1ng dinh \u1edf x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u00fac<\/b>, sau v\u00ec lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 b\u1ecf. N\u0103m T\u00e2n H\u1ee3i <\/i>[1791], l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi trung h\u01b0ng, l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1m \u1edf ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed9i An, n\u0103m Gia Long th\u1ee9 hai <\/i>[1803] d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ecb s\u1edf c\u0169 \u1edf Thanh Chi\u00eam, th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t; n\u0103m Minh M\u1ec7nh th\u1ee9 14 <\/i>[1834] di tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 La Qua, c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u00fac, th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafp b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 16, <\/i>[1836] x\u00e2y g\u1ea1ch <\/i>[28]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Theo c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, th\u00ec dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ec1 th\u1ebf, ban \u0111\u1ea7u [1602] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y \u1edf x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u00fac<\/i> (hay Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc), t\u1ee9c \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n ng\u00e0y nay [29]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd? \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i qua: sau v\u00ec lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 b\u1ecf. <\/i>Sau, l\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i> m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hai c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1c \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, l\u00e0 s\u1edf l\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n <\/i>v\u00e0 s\u1edf l\u1ecb huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean<\/i>, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Gia Long, Minh M\u1ea1ng [30]<\/a>. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ghi, \u1edf trang 369:<\/p>\n L\u1ecb s\u1edf c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Dinh Chi\u00eam: \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u1ea7n H\u00fac, huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3n tri\u1ec1n, d\u1ef1ng tr\u1ea5n dinh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0nh cung ph\u1ee7 kh\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng khi ch\u00faa \u0111i tu\u1ea7n du, sau tr\u1ea3i qua lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c, b\u1ecf h\u01b0- X\u00e9t s\u00e1ch Ph\u1ee7 bi\u00ean t\u1ea1p l\u1ee5c ch\u00e9p: “Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u1ea7n H\u00fac t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Dinh Chi\u00eam \u0111i t\u1eeb dinh s\u1edf qua \u0111\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf K\u1ebb Th\u1ebf v\u00e0 Bao Ngh\u0129a”. X\u00e3 C\u1ea7n H\u00fac nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 V\u0103n \u0110\u00f4ng, huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam <\/i>[31]<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, cho ph\u00e9p ta k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n – Ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh cung,<\/i> n\u01a1i ch\u00faa \u1edf khi \u0111i kinh l\u00fd, x\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u1ea7n H\u00fac, huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean, <\/i>nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 V\u0103n \u0110\u00f4ng, huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, <\/i>ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam.<\/b> <\/i>Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y <\/i>l\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n – Ph\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/i>, n\u01a1i quan Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u1edf, x\u00e2y sau, t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, <\/i>v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam g\u1ed3m hai c\u01a1 s\u1edf, d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean hai x\u00e3: x\u00e3 C\u1ea7n H\u00fac (nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 V\u0103n \u0110\u00f4ng), thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean, l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh cung c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa. V\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u1edf x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam, thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc (nay l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n), l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec v\u00e0 dinh quan Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Hai dinh th\u1ef1 n\u00e0y ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t hay \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7?<\/p>\n C\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 dinh th\u1ef1 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i tr\u00ean hai x\u00e3, cho n\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i> m\u1edbi vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n Dinh Chi\u00eam hay Dinh Ch\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/b><\/p>\n Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi Dinh Chi\u00eam<\/i> hay Dinh Ch\u00e0m<\/i>, t\u1ee9c dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i>, l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec <\/i>v\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/i>.<\/p>\n Dinh Ch\u00e0m<\/i> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kinh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, sau ch\u00ednh dinh \u00c1i T\u1eed<\/i>.<\/p>\n K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1620, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o \u1edf trong Dinh Ch\u00e0m. <\/p>\n T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y linh m\u1ee5c de Pina \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp ra c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Gia-T\u00f4, sau hai c\u01a1 s\u1edf H\u1ed9i An v\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n (Qui Nh\u01a1n).<\/p>\n Khi Alexandre de Rhodes \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0ng Trong l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1624, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf trong Dinh Ch\u00e0m c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi linh m\u1ee5c de Pina, h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a de Pina c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Antonio de Fontes.<\/p>\n Linh m\u1ee5c Gabriel de Matos, Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 D\u00f2ng T\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong khi \u0111i kinh l\u00fd n\u0103m 1625, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ba c\u01a1 s\u1edf m\u00e0 hai trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y [H\u1ed9i An, N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n] \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh [theo gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt], c\u00f2n c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ee9 ba t\u1ea1i “th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7” quan “tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7”, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00f4i [\u0111ang t\u1ea1m tr\u00fa] c\u00f3 ba linh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0: L.m. Francisco de Pina bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng [Vi\u1ec7t] kh\u00e1 l\u1eafm, l\u00e0m b\u1ec1 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 [d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t], v\u00e0 c\u00e1c L.m. \u0110\u1eafc L\u1ed9 c\u00f9ng Antonio de Fontes l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n.<\/i> [32]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n S\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i t\u1eed t\u1ebf, r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi rao gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 “t\u00e0n s\u00e1t” \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong.<\/p>\n Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, <\/i>hai c\u00e2u: th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam “sau v\u00ec lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 b\u1ecf” <\/i>v\u00e0 “sau tr\u1ea3i qua lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c, b\u1ecf h\u01b0<\/i>“, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ghi r\u00f5 “b\u1ecf<\/i>” v\u00e0 “b\u1ecf h\u01b0<\/i>” n\u0103m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea1m \u0111o\u00e1n: T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1773, khi T\u00e2y S\u01a1n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, chi\u1ebfm Quy Nh\u01a1n, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i v\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Thu\u1eadn, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 “lo\u1ea1n”. Nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, n\u0103m 1774, Tr\u1ecbnh S\u00e2m sai Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u0169 Ph\u00fac v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng Gianh xu\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfm Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u0169 Ph\u00fac ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, n\u0103m 1774. Qu\u1ea3ng Nam v\u1eabn \u1edf trong tay nh\u00e0 T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1777, Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c c\u00f2n xin l\u00e0m Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t Qu\u1ea3ng Nam,<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 danh ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1ecbnh S\u00e2m \u01b0ng thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, th\u00eam 28 n\u0103m n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 khi Gia Long th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/i>, n\u0103m 1802, v\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a “ng\u1ee5y T\u00e2y S\u01a1n” ch\u0103ng? Cho n\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i> m\u1edbi n\u00f3i m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 l\u1ea1i, Gia Long cho \u0111\u1eafp th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m L\u1ecb s\u1edf ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n<\/i> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Minh M\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam L\u1ecb s\u1edf huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean,<\/i> nh\u01b0ng hai s\u1edf l\u1ecb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam huy ho\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thay kinh \u0111\u00f4 \u00c1i T\u1eed, ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. Cristoforo Borri vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u trang v\u1ec1 ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n \u00f4ng l\u00e0m thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn, t\u1eadp tr\u1eadn, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec ch\u00faa S\u00e3i hay v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u00e0 t\u1eadp tr\u1eadn tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng, tr\u00ean c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, n\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 g\u1eb7p ch\u00faa \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ra dinh C\u00e1t, \u00c1i T\u1eed, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cristoforo Borri v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a, tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n (Quy Nh\u01a1n) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh L\u00ea-Tr\u1ecbnh. Khi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u1ec1, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 b\u1ecf Tr\u1ecbnh theo Nguy\u1ec5n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “anh em k\u1ebft nghi\u00e3<\/i>” c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u linh m\u1ee5c Buzomi, cha B\u1ec1 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, b\u1ecb u nh\u1ecdt n\u1eb7ng, tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, \u0111em v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n ch\u1eefa ch\u1ea1y trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy\u1ec1n uy c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam v\u00e0 Quy Nh\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u00e3 che ch\u1edf v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1o Gia t\u00f4 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u0110\u00e0ng Trong b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tin d\u1ecb \u0111oan, d\u00f9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00faa S\u00e3i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t gi\u00e1o s\u0129.<\/p>\n Nh\u1edd K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong <\/i>c\u1ee7a Cristoforo Borri m\u00e0 ta bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00faa S\u00e3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, ch\u00faa c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Chi\u00eam-Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i mi\u1ec1n Trung c\u00f3 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t u ho\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef7 quy\u1ebfn r\u0169.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng khi Alexandre de Rhodes t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam (l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf t\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1644 c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa, b\u1eaft v\u00e0 x\u1eed t\u1eed Andr\u00e9 Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean–ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh; th\u00ec ba ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam b\u1ecb [Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf] tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t, thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i, th\u00ec c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n, d\u00f9ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y tu n\u00e0y, xem \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam <\/i>\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi v\u00e0ng son trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c<\/i> mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft g\u00ec th\u00ec vi\u1ebft, v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta.<\/p>\n (C\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp)<\/p>\n Th\u1ee5y Khu\u00ea<\/strong> <\/p>\n [1]<\/a> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 Ch\u00e1nh, <\/i>nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1eafc s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh. <\/i><\/p>\n [2]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, NXB Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, Hu\u1ebf, 1992, trang 7.<\/p>\n [3]<\/a> K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i>, t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Relation de la Nouvelle Mission des p\u00e8res de la Compagnie de J\u00e9sus au royaume de la Cochinchine, <\/i>B\u1ea3n in trong t\u1eadp san \u0110\u00f4 Th\u00e0nh Hi\u1ebfu C\u1ed5, t\u1ee9c Bulletin des Amis du Vieux Hu\u1ebf (BAVH) 1931, quy\u1ec3n 3-4, do \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Bonifacy d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n [4]<\/a> \u0110\u1ed7 Quang Ch\u00ednh, L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef 1620-1659<\/i>, T\u1ee7 s\u00e1ch Ra Kh\u01a1i, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1972, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1edbi ch\u1ee5p v\u00e0 in l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Paris, 1985, trang 55.<\/p>\n [5]<\/a>Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, do Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00fay Nga, d\u1ecbch, ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, Nxb H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 V\u0103n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2003.<\/p>\n [6]<\/a> Tr\u00edch L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u <\/i>c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd <\/i>trong Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 10, d\u1eabn l\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n trong b\u00e0i \u0110\u00fang ba tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/i>, T\u1eadp san s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba, s\u1ed1 26, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, 1969, trang 10.<\/p>\n [7]<\/a> Ph\u1ee7 bi\u00ean t\u1ea1p l\u1ee5c<\/i> so\u1ea1n khi L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec7p tr\u1ea5n tham t\u00e1n qu\u00e2n c\u01a1 \u1edf Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, n\u0103m 1776.<\/p>\n [8]<\/a> Le Mur de \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi<\/i> (B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng H\u1edbi) c\u1ee7a Cadi\u00e8re, in trong t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng B\u00e1c C\u1ed5 (BEFEO) n\u0103m 1906.<\/p>\n [9]<\/a> Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 26.<\/p>\n [10]<\/a> Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 24-33.<\/p>\n [11]<\/a> Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, \u0110\u00fang ba tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/i>, T\u1eadp san S\u1eed \u0110\u1ecba s\u1ed1 27-28, trang 15.<\/p>\n [12]<\/a> Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 70-71.<\/p>\n [13]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c Ti\u1ec1n Bi\u00ean<\/i>, t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t, T\u1ed5 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e1n H\u1ecdc, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Nxb Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c, 2006, trang 38.<\/p>\n [14]<\/a> Nam Tri\u1ec1u C\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p Di\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed<\/i>, trang 39-40, ghi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m Qu\u00ed D\u1eadu (1573), n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi 10 tu\u1ed5i, ch\u1eafc vi\u1ebft nh\u1ea7m; \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c Ti\u1ec1n Bi\u00ean<\/i>, trang 38, s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 n\u0103m \u1ea4t D\u1eadu (1585), Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean, 22 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n [15]<\/a> Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Oanh v\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh Kh\u1eafc M\u1ea1nh trong b\u00e0i “Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 bang giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam-Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/i>” (Internet) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd<\/i> l\u00e0 B\u00e1ch T\u1ea7n Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd (Shirahama Kenki) ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n [16]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i>, t\u1eadp I, Nxb Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, Hu\u1ebf, 1992, trang 15.<\/p>\n [17]<\/a> Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3c,<\/i> V\u0129nh Th\u00e0nh, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, in l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, 1928, Quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1, trang 65-66.<\/p>\n [18]<\/a> Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 74-75.<\/p>\n [19]<\/a> Ph\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Hoa \u0111\u1eddi L\u00ea, g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n Th\u0103ng B\u00ecnh, Tam K\u1ef3, Qu\u1ebf S\u01a1n (ch\u00fa th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd).<\/p>\n [20]<\/a> Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 83.<\/p>\n [21]<\/a> L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n, Ph\u1ee7 Bi\u00ean T\u1ea1p L\u1ee5c<\/i>, Nxb Khoa H\u1ecdc X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 1977, trang 51.<\/p>\n [22]<\/a> L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n, Ph\u1ee7 Bi\u00ean T\u1ea1p L\u1ee5c<\/i>, trang 52.<\/p>\n [23]<\/a> Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>trang 40, ghi “Hi\u1ec3n qu\u00fd t\u1eb7c”. \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c Ti\u1ec1n bi\u00ean ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Oanh v\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh Kh\u1eafc M\u1ea1nh trong b\u00e0i “Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 bang giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam-Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/i>” c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n th\u1eddi ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd<\/i> l\u00e0 B\u00e1ch T\u1ea7n Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd (Shirahama Kenki) ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt. Ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean, trong m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho T\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Tokugawa Leyasu, t\u1ecf \u00fd ti\u1ebfc v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft “Hi\u1ec3n Qu\u00fd l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia t\u1ed1t<\/i>“. B\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean site Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, 2009.<\/p>\n [24]<\/a> L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n, Ph\u1ee7 Bi\u00ean T\u1ea1p L\u1ee5c<\/i>, trang 52, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c ti\u1ec1n bi\u00ean,<\/i> quy\u1ec3n 2, trang 38.<\/p>\n [25]<\/a> Nam tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i>, trang 198-199. Ph\u1ee7 Bi\u00ean T\u1ea1p L\u1ee5c<\/i>, trang 53-54.<\/p>\n [26]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, NXB Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, Hu\u1ebf, 1992, trang 333, ghi nh\u1ea7m l\u00e0 1062.<\/p>\n [27]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, trang 333.<\/p>\n [28]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, trang 340.<\/p>\n [29]<\/a> Huy\u1ec7n<\/i> Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee7<\/i> \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, b\u1eafc gi\u00e1p huy\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0 Vang, nam gi\u00e1p huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m Minh M\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 ba [1823], huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh huy\u1ec7n<\/i> \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n (theo \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, trang 334) v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ph\u1ee7 <\/i>\u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, th\u1eddi L\u00ea l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n<\/i> \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee7<\/i> Tri\u1ec7u Phong, \u1edf tr\u1ea5n <\/i>Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng th\u0103ng l\u00ean l\u00e0m ph\u1ee7<\/i> v\u00e0 cho tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i>.<\/p>\n [30]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed vi\u1ebft: “L\u1ecb s\u1edf ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n: chu vi 57 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng [228m], r\u00e0o tre, \u1edf x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n ki\u00eam l\u00ed Di\u00ean Ph\u00fac. \u0110\u1ea7u ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Gia Long [1802], l\u1ecb s\u1edf \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u1ea9m L\u0169 c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n, n\u0103m Minh M\u1ec7nh th\u1ee9 7 [1827] d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 Kh\u00fac L\u0169y, n\u0103m T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 ba [1849] d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 hi\u1ec7n nay<\/i>” (\u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, trang 340). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1edf l\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, c\u0169ng \u1edf x\u00e3 Thanh Chi\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n Th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1eddi Gia Long \u1edf x\u00e3 C\u1ea9m L\u0169, Minh M\u1ea1ng r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e3 Kh\u00fac Lu\u1ef9, v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 hi\u1ec7n nay. S\u1edf l\u1ecb huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean c\u0169ng v\u1eady: “<\/i>L\u1ecb s\u1edf huy\u1ec7n Duy Xuy\u00ean: chu vi 55 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng [220m], r\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng ch\u00f4ng ch\u00e0, h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Gia Long, huy\u1ec7n l\u1ecb \u1edf b\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2u T\u00e2y, n\u0103m Minh M\u1ec7nh th\u1ee9 17 d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00f4ng x\u00e3 M\u0129 Xuy\u00ean, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 19 l\u1ea1i d\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 l\u1ecb s\u1edf c\u0169” <\/i>(\u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, trang 340). V\u1eady hai s\u1edf l\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eafp sau v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n [31]<\/a> \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, t\u1eadp 2, trang 369-370.<\/p>\n\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
thuykhue.free.fr<\/p>\n
\n