{"id":9830,"date":"2009-11-04T01:05:00","date_gmt":"2009-11-04T01:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/archives\/9830"},"modified":"2019-03-02T04:00:45","modified_gmt":"2019-03-02T04:00:45","slug":"mot-vai-kinh-nghiem-ve-viec-giup-nguoi-can-tu-giua-mat-tong-tay-tang-va-kito-giao-o","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/9830\/mot-vai-kinh-nghiem-ve-viec-giup-nguoi-can-tu-giua-mat-tong-tay-tang-va-kito-giao-o","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t v&agrave;i kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi&uacute;p ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed gi\u1eefa M\u1eadt t&ocirc;ng T&acirc;y T\u1ea1ng v&agrave; Kit&ocirc; gi&aacute;o"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi v\u0103n minh k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn th\u00e1c l\u0169 cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bi quan, ch\u00e1n \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u1ea5t tr\u00ed. \u0110a s\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1ebft. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n khinh su\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129: \u201c<em>\u00d4i! H\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 lo cho m\u1ec7t, ai r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft, chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean qu\u00e1 m\u00e0&#8230;<\/em>\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n y\u00eau ra \u0111i, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i hoang mang kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft th\u00f9 l\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng g\u1ea1ch t\u00ean c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng toan t\u00ednh, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c \u00e1i, c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c tu h\u00e0nh\u2026 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e2m linh\u2026 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u1ea3m th\u1ee9c hay linh gi\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111ang x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u00ecnh. Ngay c\u1ea3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00fap t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u1eed h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u1ec7, d\u1eadp khu\u00f4n theo nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nghi th\u1ee9c c\u1ed5 h\u1ee7. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t c\u00e1i th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5u th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ngay khi n\u00f3 n\u1eafm trong tay l\u01b0\u1ee1i g\u01b0\u01a1m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 Do th\u00e1i, Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong bu\u1ed5i ho\u00e0ng h\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, anh kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 Trung c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9c hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u T\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb L\u1ea1t ma ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u2018b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4\u2019 tu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c L\u1ea1t ma ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u vong tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi qua \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao truy\u1ec1n b\u00ed m\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn qua nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0: T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (Tibetian Book of the Dead), nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c Bardo Thodol Chenmo, do Sogyal Rinpoche vi\u1ebft, do gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 W.Y.Evens Wentz Phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ra Anh ng\u1eef v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1924 v\u00e0 ni c\u00f4 Tr\u00ed H\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch ra b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Huy\u1ec1n thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o s\u0129 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a A. David Neel vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1929\u2026<\/p>\n<p>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 30 n\u0103m v\u1eeba l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 tu s\u0129 trong Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c gi\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch quan. Do \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ea5t mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n trong con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1.1. Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o Kit\u00f4, n\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t nam, h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i gi\u00fap k\u1ebb li\u1ec7t l\u00e0o. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 h\u1ec5 nghe th\u1ea5y ai h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i th\u00ec h\u1ecd mang b\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e9p, c\u00e2y th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ea1n, hai c\u00e2y n\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch kinh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp l\u00e2m chung. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0ng kinh \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i nh\u01b0 <em>Kinh \u0103n n\u0103n t\u1ed9i, Kinh l\u1ea1y Cha, Kinh k\u00ednh m\u1eebng\u2026 <\/em>r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecfi han, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p c\u01a1n nguy kh\u1ed1n, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa th\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0111i r\u01b0\u1edbc linh m\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh B\u00ed t\u00ednh s\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u00ed t\u00edch chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i, Pierre Lombard vi\u1ebft : \u201c<em>Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng b\u00ed t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t b\u00ed t\u00edch kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, c\u1eed h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o gi\u1edd ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung v\u1edbi d\u1ea7u do gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c hi\u1ebfn th\u00e1nh.\u201d <\/em>C\u00f2n th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ma th\u00ec n\u00f3i : \u201c<em>Ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u00ed t\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ph\u00e9p x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111au s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea1i th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u th\u00eam l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa<\/em>.\u201d (Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n Qu\u1ebf, <em>Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc B\u00ed T\u00edch, <\/em>tr 472, NXB \u0110\u1ee9c Tin V\u0103n H\u00f3a, 2005).<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1eadt ra, m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Trento th\u00ec b\u00ed t\u00edch n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vatican II \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c d\u00f9ng b\u00ed t\u00edch n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u00ed t\u00edch n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1c. Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00e0 do s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng si\u00eau nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>\u01a0n \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00ed t\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 do t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i g\u00e2y l\u00ean. T\u1eeb \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 qua trung gian b\u00ed t\u00edch v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ed5 \u0111au \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec1n t\u1ed9i d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Ch\u00faa Cha. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh b\u00ed t\u00edch x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o nhan th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>1.2. M\u1eadt T\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi sau y nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia, t\u1ee9c N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi th\u00ec M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf T\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng th\u00ec s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1c quan h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean, Milarepa b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201c<em>T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi \u00e2n h\u1eadn.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0103n c\u01a1m, \u0111i \u1ec9a h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ham s\u1ed1ng, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ch\u01a1i nh\u1ea3y d\u00e2y, b\u1eafn bi v\u1eady. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc tu ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f2n xem c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb m\u00e0 khi c\u00f2n mang c\u00e1i x\u00e1c th\u00e2n h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed, thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 danh t\u1eeb Bardo. Trong T\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0 S\u1ed1ng Ch\u1ebft, (T\u00ean th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 <em>Bardo Todrol Chenmo<\/em>, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u201c<em>S\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u1edbn do Nghe trong c\u00f5i Trung gian<\/em>.\u201d), t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft : \u201c<em>Danh t\u1eeb <\/em>Bardo<em> trong T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp hay m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c. <\/em><strong>Bar<\/strong><em> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c<\/em><strong>\u1edf gi\u1eefa<\/strong><em>\u201d, v\u00e0 <\/em><strong>do<\/strong><em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u201c<\/em><strong>b\u1ecb l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/strong><em>,\u201d \u201c<\/em><strong>b\u1ecb n\u00e9m v\u00e0o<\/strong><em>.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta chia ra l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i Bardo<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bardo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>Bardo \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li>Bardo quang minh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh.<\/li>\n<li>Bardo nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hay t\u00e1i sinh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Bardo th\u1ee9 2, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Bardo \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft. T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft vi\u1ebft : \u201cBardo \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb khi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u201c<em>h\u01a1i th\u1edf b\u00ean trong<\/em>\u201d ; giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00ean cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf s\u1ef1 l\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh t\u00e2m, c\u00e1i ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c<em>\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/em>\u201d v\u00e0o l\u00fac ch\u1ebft.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed tr\u00edch trong T\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0 S\u1ed1ng Ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t trong gian ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; C\u1ed1 l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 \u00f3c h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n trong l\u00fac l\u00e2m chung n\u00e0y, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng lo s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 hoang mang.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1eebng mong m\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00ec theo quy lu\u1eadt th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e3y y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 \u00fay nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0103n n\u0103n v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i th\u00ec th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c khuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3i h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng : \u201c<em>S\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tha cho b\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i, v\u00ec Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9. L\u1ea7m l\u1ea1c l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tha th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tha th\u1ee9 cho b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ? \u00d0\u00f3 m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. \u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u00fat h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau : \u201c<em>T\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf b\u00ean b\u1ea1n, t\u00f4i y\u00eau m\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n cho b\u1ea1n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn th\u00eam n\u1eefa. Th\u1eddi gian chung s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd xin b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eebng b\u00e1m v\u00edu cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y bu\u00f4ng ra. T\u00f4i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u00e2u &#8211; b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i : b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n di t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u201cPhowa\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed. H\u1ecd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i qu\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Ph\u1eadt, Ch\u00faa hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh n\u00e0o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tin \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. T\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng tia s\u00e1ng tr\u00fat xu\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i, t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111ang tan th\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, Ch\u00faa&#8230; Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n di t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 Phowa b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ni\u1ec7m : \u201cT\u00e2m con v\u00e0 t\u00e2m Ph\u1eadt, Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; H\u1ecd c\u0169ng gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh : \u201c<em>N\u00e0y thi\u1ec7n nam, nay c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ebft\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u01a1i h\u00e3y c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y : T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u1ebft. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, qua c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb v\u00e0 bi, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00ec l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian&#8230;<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn th\u01b0\u01a1ng gh\u00e9t. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u khuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau: <em>\u201cH\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0 gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh. H\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi t\u00e2m Ph\u1eadt\u201d. <\/em>Padmasambhava trong T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng: \u201c<em>Khi Trung \u1ea4m ch\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/em>. <em>T\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, kh\u00e1t khao, l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u1ecb l\u00e0 sau khi h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra \u0111\u00e3 ng\u01b0ng, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u201ch\u01a1i th\u1edf b\u00ean trong\u201d ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khai th\u1ecb trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n suy s\u1ee5p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p th\u1ea7y ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1eadp cho quen v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd n\u00f3i : \u201c<em>N\u00e0y thi\u1ec7n nam, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec con th\u1ea5y, d\u00f9 kinh h\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m con bi\u1ebfn ra; h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, tia chi\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m con<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Khi t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tan r\u00e3, h\u00e3y gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c<em>Khi \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i tan r\u00e3, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y trong tim b\u1ea1n. Khi th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f3i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i lu\u00e2n xa \u1edf r\u1ed1n. Khi h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111om \u0111\u00f3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i lu\u00e2n xa \u1edf tr\u00e1n. V\u00e0 khi phong \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n t\u1eadp trung ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n di t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian bardo c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft. H\u00e3y n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c<em>H\u1ee1i b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m l\u1eafng nghe v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ecdc l\u1eeba nh\u01b0-m\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ma qu\u00e2n. M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. B\u1ea1n ch\u00e2n qu\u00fd, h\u00e3y t\u1eeb b\u1ecf n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5! Nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc tr\u1eafng, s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 s\u1eafc \u0111en th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n th\u1ea7n di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n. Nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1edb s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i hay b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1ea5t \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi l\u00fac r\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m b\u00ean trong gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n b\u01a1 trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh. H\u00e3y an tr\u1ee5 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m trong s\u1ef1 quang minh c\u1ee7a v\u00f4-ni\u1ec7m. S\u1ef1 ch\u00f3i ng\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m Ph\u1eadt. H\u00e3y an tr\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c hay b\u00f3p m\u00e9o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec. B\u1ea1n \u00e0, theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t trong Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Qua nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 hai truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea1o mu\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 sau :<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.1. C\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh trung gian duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Lu\u1eadt gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf, linh m\u1ee5c tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh b\u00ed t\u00edch x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u, ngo\u00e0i ra kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh nghi th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00f3 t\u1ebf linh m\u1ee5c, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9t t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ee5ng xe, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 th\u00ec con chi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 linh m\u1ee5c, th\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia. Do v\u1eady, c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u00e1c vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, chi\u1ebfu l\u1ec7, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho mau cho ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ch\u00fat l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c hay c\u00f2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y m\u00f3c trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i sau hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed. B\u1edfi m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u1ea2o t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n cho xong c\u00f2n t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c h\u01a1n tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n t\u00ean tr\u00f9m kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 hay Hitler. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 d\u1ea7u xoa l\u00ean tr\u00e1n, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng hay gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u1edbn lao. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, l\u00f2ng ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00f4 bi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ti\u1ebfc thay, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c t\u1eed c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con chi\u00ean m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u1eed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang nghi th\u1ee9c r\u1ed3i ai v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u1ea5y, nhi\u1ec1u khi gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh, van xin, l\u1ea1y l\u1ee5c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ea1y ch\u1ecdt b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e0 c\u00e1p, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1eefu s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng c\u00e1c b\u1eadc m\u1edbi nhanh ch\u00f3ng quan t\u00e2m s\u0103n s\u00f3c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4 khan ngu\u1ed9i l\u1ea1nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c \u01a1n \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00ed t\u00edch nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00eang li\u00eang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ma qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa tr\u00ean qu\u00ea tr\u1eddi, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ef9 t\u1eeb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u00e2m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh <em>Francis of Assisi. <\/em>Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y th\u00e0nh m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc suy l\u00fd th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u01a1n \u00edch \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1i x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n \u00edt h\u1ecdc nghe nh\u1eefng m\u1ef9 t\u1eeb \u1ea5y th\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e2ng ph\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, ngay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh trong d\u00f2ng k\u00edn ng\u00e0y nay c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea tr\u1eddi. Cho n\u00ean, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng suy lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb u huy\u1ec1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00fd tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a l\u00fd tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, b\u00ed t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 khi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00fd tr\u00ed. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 h\u00f4n m\u00ea b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh th\u00ec b\u00ed t\u00edch coi nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh. M\u00e0 b\u00ed t\u00edch l\u00e0 g\u00ec th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u00e0n c\u00e3i. Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u1ee9 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh kinh th\u00ec ta ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. \u1ea4y v\u1eady m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc v\u00e9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean, gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a b\u00ed t\u00edch x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5, th\u00eam s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, b\u1edfi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch trung gian duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi xa x\u0103m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>2.2. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y con m\u1eaft duy l\u00fd m\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n di th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng, ta s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u tu t\u1eadp d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ba c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 Gi\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tu\u1ec7. Trong \u0111\u00f3 Tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n cao si\u00eau nh\u1ea5t. Theo Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m (Buddhaghosa) : \u201c<em>Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u1ea5u nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p. Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng bao ph\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p. Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u00ea m\u1edd.<\/em>\u201d M\u1ed9t khi th\u1ea5u nh\u1eadp b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh th\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 x\u00edch xi\u1ec1ng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh. N\u00ean xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m T\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0 S\u1ed1ng Ch\u1ebft, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i t\u00edch ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p. M\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 k\u1ebb ngu m\u1edbi b\u00e1m v\u00edu, l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1edd Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ebfn m\u00ea m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tha l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u00ec ch\u00fa v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho t\u00e2m an \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia, l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1c sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m th\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tha l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Song ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh t\u00edn, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng khao kh\u00e1t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c an tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m th\u00ec y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tha l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u00f9 cho Ph\u1eadt th\u00edch ca c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n di hay nhi\u1ebfp d\u1eabn h\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa t\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tha l\u1ef1c, th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ebfp d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a T\u1eed Th\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 tu ch\u1ee9ng cao. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1eadc ch\u00e2n s\u01b0 th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n s\u01b0 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u00fat \u00edt v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi sau khi ch\u1ebft th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc linh c\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi qua \u0111\u1eddi. Kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c m\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta xem l\u00e0 con c\u00f3 hi\u1ebfu cha, v\u1ee3 c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ch\u1ed3ng\u2026 th\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Cho n\u00ean, m\u1ed9t khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n n\u1eb1m xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec h\u1ecd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng : \u201cH\u1ee1i anh A, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd anh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. C\u00e1i x\u00e1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd thi\u00eau ho\u1eb7c \u0111em cho qu\u1ea1 \u0103n. C\u00e1i nh\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n \u0111i. V\u1ee3 anh s\u1ebd g\u1ea3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Con c\u00e1i anh s\u1ebd b\u00e1n l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 h\u1ebft. C\u1ea3 mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n. H\u00e3y y\u00ean t\u00e2m m\u00e0 ra \u0111i, \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 quay v\u1ec1 n\u1eefa\u2026\u201d Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m tang \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o, ta th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c th\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m th\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00e3 v\u1eady, sau khi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1m ma, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean gi\u1ebft heo m\u1ed5 g\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3i b\u00e0 con. Trong khi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i k\u1ef5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng, v\u00ec theo lu\u1eadn nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00ec gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c th\u00ec r\u00fat ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Cho n\u00ean, gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i con v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang hay l\u00e0m ma chay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1 th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap l\u00fac c\u1eadn t\u1eed, m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng may l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0y xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 hay s\u00fac sinh th\u00ec ki\u1ebfp sau, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi cao h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 tu t\u1eadp. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1eadn m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n cho xong. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi ki\u1ebfp ki\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eddi n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, v\u00ec th\u1eadt ra ch\u1eb3ng ai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ebft th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i cho qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef th\u00f4i. \u0110i\u1ec1u may m\u1eafn l\u00e0 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n ng\u1ee5c. Ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i n\u00e0y c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n cho c\u00e1i m\u00e0 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u00fat gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1edbt v\u00e1t linh h\u1ed3n th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eb3ng ai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ai th\u00e8m v\u00f4 v\u00ec thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng hay ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i theo quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u1edf thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tu t\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cho n\u00ean, gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tu t\u1eadp h\u01a1n l\u00e0 cho t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o lu\u00f4n h\u1eb1ng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta. N\u1ebfu Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, ki\u00eau m\u1ea1n, t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n sinh s\u00e1t, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eddi, b\u1eaft k\u1ebb kia xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c trong khi m\u00ecnh ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a C\u00f5i s\u00e1ng th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u0103n d\u1eaft h\u1ecd m\u00e0 b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u nay ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft g\u00ec. Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, Tin l\u00e0nh, Do th\u00e1i, H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o\u2026 th\u00ec may ra nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n minh tri\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 T\u1eed Th\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y 1\/11\/2009<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t c\u00e1i th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5u th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ngay khi n\u00f3 n\u1eafm trong tay l\u01b0\u1ee1i g\u01b0\u01a1m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 Do th\u00e1i, Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1188,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,182],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-tap-luan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1188"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9830"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54581,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9830\/revisions\/54581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}