![\"image\"](\"https:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/image.png\" "\\"image\\"")
<\/a>Tammy Nguyen, Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m, 2023<\/em>
Courtesy of Tammy Nguyen and Lehmann Maupin, New York, Hongkong, Seoul, and London
Hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m t\u1ea1i <\/font>Institute of Contemporary Art<\/font><\/a> (ICA), Boston, Massachusetts<\/font><\/p>\n
Henry Cabot Lodge<\/strong>: \u2026 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t: con g\u00e1i b\u00e0 ta, con r\u1ec3 Nhu, v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m. V\u00e0 b\u00e0 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t hy v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ra \u0111i. V\u00e0 b\u00e0 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i, \u201cT\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng \u00f4ng\u201d \u2013 Lodge, s\u1ebd khuy\u00ean h\u1ecd ra \u0111i.<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n B\u1ea3n k\u00fd t\u1ef1<\/a> (transcript — t\u1eeb kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00f2ng Hoa k\u1ef3) ghi l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng John F. Kennedy di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i B\u1ea1ch \u1ed0c v\u00e0o h\u1ed3i 11 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 8, 1963, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t anh em \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y ba th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 1-11, 1963, l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Th\u00e2n Th\u1ecb Nam Tr\u00e2n, v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a (VNCH) t\u1ea1i Hoa Th\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed1n, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Nhu.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Lodge v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Kennedy thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 hai gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nhau qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, c\u00f9ng \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang Massachusetts; m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng Ho\u00e0, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7. \u00d4ng c\u1ee7a Lodge, l\u00e0 ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1893, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng \u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f9a Kennedy l\u00e0 John Fitzgerald trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1916. Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., sinh n\u0103m 1902, gi\u00e0 h\u01a1n Kennedy t\u1edbi 15 tu\u1ed5i, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec1 vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o g\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tham gia ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eafc c\u1eed d\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u ti\u1ec3u bang n\u0103m 31 tu\u1ed5i, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 li\u00ean bang ba n\u0103m sau. N\u0103m 1946, khi Kennedy \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed d\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, Lodge \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed n\u0103m 1952, trong khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u00fap Eisenhower \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, \u00f4ng Lodge \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Kennedy \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eadt kh\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1960, li\u00ean danh Nixon-Lodge \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean danh Kennedy-Johnson. R\u1ed3i hai n\u0103m sau, em trai Ted c\u1ee7a Kennedy l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i con trai Lodge trong cu\u1ed9c tranh d\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 t\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 cha anh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n L\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qua nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi, t\u1ea1i sao Kennedy ch\u1ecdn Lodge l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1963?<\/p>\n <\/em><\/font><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi l\u00ean c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 c\u0169 b\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u01a1n cho m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho h\u1ecd ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, ho\u1eb7c c\u1eed nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 uy t\u00edn t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1ed1ng Th\u1ed1ng Kennedy g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 Lodge t\u1edbi Nam VN, thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. D\u01b0 lu\u1eadn cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1edd cao, \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb b\u1edbt tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 VN. D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch t\u1eeb ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u00f4ng Lodge, \u0111i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi B\u1ea1ch \u1ed0c sau n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f4i b\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i! D\u00f9 sao, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do th\u1ea7m k\u00edn, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng ra.<\/p>\n \u00d4ng Lodge l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kennedy g\u1eedi t\u1edbi S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, v\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Khi m\u1edbi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n, Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p sang VNCH v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng N\u0103m 1961, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Frederick Nolting, thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Elbridge Durbrow, do T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Eisenhower \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Kennedy — \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed.<\/p>\n Trong 60 n\u0103m qua, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh 1-11-63, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Kennedy mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf VN, trong khi \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, n\u00ean M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadt \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong khi \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 cho bi\u1ebft, sau Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 Hai, c\u00e1c T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb Roosevelt, Truman, Eisenhower cho \u0111\u1ebfn Kennedy, kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngay v\u00e0o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vai ch\u00ednh trong cu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n hay t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i m\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Durbrow v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh 11-11-1960<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n C\u1eb7p Kennedy-Johnson th\u1eafng Nixon-Lodge trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed 8 th\u00e1ng 11, 1960, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i h\u00f4m sau, ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh 11 th\u00e1ng 11, 1960 t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, do Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00e1nh Thi ch\u1ec9 huy l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1ea3y D\u00f9, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 d\u00ednh d\u00e1ng t\u1edbi v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi VN, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p thu\u1ed9c S\u1ee9 Qu\u00e1n M\u1ef9. <\/p>\n M\u1edbi ba n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Eisenhower, T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed tung h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e2n (miracle man) t\u1eeb \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 ra t\u1eadn phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4 Washington ngh\u00eanh \u0111\u00f3n theo l\u1ec5 nghi qu\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i, h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o t\u1ea1i C\u00e2u L\u1ea1c B\u1ed9 B\u00e1o Ch\u00ed Qu\u1ed1c Gia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 5, N\u1eefu \u01af\u1edbc\u2026 <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n khi n\u1ed5 ra cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Elbridge Durbrow, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Eisenhower c\u1eed t\u1edbi S\u00e0ig\u00f2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1957. Theo m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n<\/a> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed gia Stanley Karnow l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong kho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u OpenVault WGBH<\/a> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1979, Durbrow cho bi\u1ebft khi \u00f4ng t\u1edbi S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phe ph\u00e1i ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb d\u1eb9p y\u00ean, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam trang, r\u1ea5t ch\u0103m ch\u00fa, r\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i (a great Vietnamese patriot), v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n cho ai h\u1ebft; c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m l\u1ea5y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t. Durbrow cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 Di\u1ec7m: \u201c\u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u; c\u00f3 khi t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y hay m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng C\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n gi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1945-46, v\u00e0, v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n M\u1ef9.\u201d<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n h\u1ecfi, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, li\u1ec7u Hoa K\u1ef3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang, \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Durbrow \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, v\u00ec theo \u00f4ng, M\u1ef9 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 [\u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m] \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta th\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u1edf ph\u00eda ch\u00fang ta.\u201d \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c M\u1ef9 ca t\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201ck\u1ef3 nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u00ean \u00f4ng ta thay \u0111\u1ed5i? Durbrow n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec theo \u00f4ng, sau khi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng sinh ho\u1ea1t d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u00e0 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, do l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo r\u1eafc \u1edf Phi v\u00e0 \u00c1 ch\u00e2u t\u1eeb sau \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh \u1edf \u00c2u M\u1ef9. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n Durbrow c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng b\u00e0 Nhu, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng Nhu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh, ch\u0103m ch\u00fa, th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n Di\u1ec7m. Durbrow cho r\u1eb1ng hai anh em \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau; Di\u1ec7m nh\u1edd em c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng Di\u1ec7m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7, Nhu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u00fd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb Di\u1ec7m. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 b\u00e0 Nhu, Durbrow cho r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u1ea5y r\u00e1ng x\u00eda v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n. \u00d4ng k\u1ec3, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa \u0103n th\u00e2n m\u1eadt, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m nh\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn b\u00e0 Nhu, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ra hi\u1ec7u \u201dl\u00e0m \u01a1n im \u0111i\u201d. B\u00e0 \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, ho\u1ea1t b\u00e1t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 khi h\u01a1i qu\u00e1 tr\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 50, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb 1960, uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00fac \u1ea5y cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1eabn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y? <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Durbrow tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng, theo \u00f4ng, Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i Mi\u1ec1n Nam sau n\u0103m 1954 t\u1eeb 3,000-5,000 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ecbnh Gen\u00e8ve, v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadt Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1t l\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 55, 56. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1959, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra, trong khi kinh t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn cao su l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn tranh, mang v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. M\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1ea1o c\u0169ng cao h\u01a1n h\u1ed3i 57, 58, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p. V\u00e0, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 59, mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1eedi th\u00eam qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 trang b\u1ecb v\u00e0o Nam.<\/p>\n V\u1eabn theo Durbrow, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y 59, ph\u00eda C\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o C\u0103n C\u1ee9 Kh\u00f4ng Qu\u00e2n Bi\u00ean Ho\u00e0, khi\u1ebfn hai s\u0129 quan M\u1ef9 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh VN. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng Hai 1960, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1edbi c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1edf T\u00e2y Ninh, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u y khoa. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11, 1960, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i hai ba n\u01a1i \u1edf v\u00f9ng Pleiku-Kontum tr\u00ean cao nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch \u1edf cao nguy\u00ean, song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n HCM. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho Di\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta thi\u1ebfu chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1954.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u1eabn theo l\u1eddi Durbrow, v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1960, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ngu\u1ed3n tin c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum b\u00ean L\u00e0o, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed tu\u1ef3 vi\u00ean qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12, 1960, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y bay v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i S\u00f4-vi\u1ebft IL-16, IL-14 bay tr\u00ean C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum, th\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u. T\u00f9y vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Durbrow c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t xe \u1ee7i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y th\u00eam tin t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 23 hay 24 th\u00e1ng 12, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u xe \u1ee7i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bay \u1edf C\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ed3ng Chum. Chi\u1ebfc Dacota C-47 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eafn t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 59, 60, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m gia t\u0103ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, m\u1edf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng M\u00f2n HCM, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u gia t\u0103ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 L\u00e0o \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 C\u0103m B\u1ed1t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfn Nam VN. \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Durbrow k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 \u1edf C\u0103m B\u1ed1t, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 n\u00f3i truy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Shihanouk. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, \u00f4ng h\u1ecfi Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u0103m B\u1ed1t: \u201cHai n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n x\u00edch l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau, sao \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u1ed5i b\u1ecdn Vi\u1ec7t Minh kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t ch\u00fang \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng?\u201d V\u00e0 Shihanouk \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Qu\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 25 ng\u00e0n qu\u00e2n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111ang qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng l\u1ea7y v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d<\/p>\n C\u0169ng trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, Durbrow cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda M\u1ef9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, thay v\u00ec g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng du k\u00edch, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o binh l\u1edbn theo quy \u01b0\u1edbc, ki\u1ec3u qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1eddi Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 Hai, \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u0103ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1958, ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nam VN. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh M\u1ef9, ngay trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 ph\u00e1i b\u1ed9 M\u1ef9 do \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 sao v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n sau cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m, coi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n, \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Durbrow tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng do \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n qua th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m n\u00ean c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n, n\u00ean chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t \u00edt.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh n\u0103m 1960, Durbrow n\u00f3i \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi nghe ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm 11-11, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bill Colby, tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 quan CIA \u1edf S\u00e0ig\u00f2n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qua \u0111\u00eam, cho \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau th\u00ec nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y. Durbrow k\u1ec3, v\u00e0o hai gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m 12 th\u00e1ng 11, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e2y b\u00ean kia x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. \u1ed8ng nh\u1eadn ra gi\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u00f4i g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2n S\u01a1n Nh\u1ea5t, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 n\u0103m kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c 105 ly ch\u0129a v\u00e0o dinh. N\u1ebfu \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ngay, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i n\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1o\u201d. \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Durbrow \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u00e0m theo, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb phe \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh b\u1eaft, v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi. <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 Durbrow r\u1eddi nhi\u1ec7m s\u1edf v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng N\u0103m 1961, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Eisenhower v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam sang tay ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Kennedy.<\/p>\n (c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp)<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Trong 60 n\u0103m qua, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00e1nh ng\u00e0y 1-11-63 l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Kennedy mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf VN, trong khi \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, n\u00ean M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadt \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong khi \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 cho bi\u1ebft, sau Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 Hai, c\u00e1c T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1199,"featured_media":98151,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,9,25,181],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-nghien-cuu","category-nhan-dinh","category-tu-lieu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1199"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98154"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98154\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":98159,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98154\/revisions\/98159"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}<\/a>
\u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Hoa K\u1ef3 Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m (S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, 26-08-1963)<\/p>\n