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T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i cho c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i:<\/p>\n
1) N\u1eeda M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi V\u00e0ng<\/i> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Li\u00ean Bang Nigeria, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng nam Phi ch\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh: g\u00ec\u1eefa th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60 khi m\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i bang \u2013 h\u1ebft B\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e0o nha \u0111\u1ebfn Anh qu\u1ed1c \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 anh em ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft nhau, l\u00fd do ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c d\u00e2n, c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e0ng sau n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u00fd do thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967 d\u00e2n v\u00f9ng Biafra \u1edf m\u1ea1n nam \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c Igbo \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb, t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi li\u00ean bang. H\u1ecd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u n\u1eeda m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 h\u1ecd. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ba n\u0103m, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1ebb th\u1eafng th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean bang ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng bao v\u00e2y c\u00f4 l\u1eadp d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng trong khi th\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1n sang C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
2) Tuy l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 th\u1eadt. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quanh c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb em c\u00f4 Olanna (em) v\u00e0 Kainene (ch\u1ecb), hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn con nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 g\u1eedi sang Anh h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n. M\u1ed9t khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh trang ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Theo m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u00f4 em xem ra c\u00f3 nhan s\u1eafc v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f4 ch\u1ecb, v\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1edd s\u1eafc v\u00f3c c\u00f4 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n h\u01a1n ch\u1ecb c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 anh ch\u00e0ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t m\u00f4n \u0111\u0103ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i g\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hausa t\u00ean Mohammed, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean n\u1eefa l\u00e0 v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i Odenigbo c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu thanh ni\u00ean tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1n c\u00e2n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda n\u00e0o ai c\u0169ng \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong khi c\u00f4 em bay b\u01b0\u1edbm th\u00ec c\u00f4 ch\u1ecb nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4 khan m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng trang \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u00e1c c\u1ea3m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1edf cu\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc. C\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, ngo\u00e0i \u00f4ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Richard, m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean \u0102ng-l\u00ea. Anh ch\u00e0ng n\u00e0y theo m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, ta th\u1ea5y tuy l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, anh l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf tr\u0103m b\u1ec1. Anh b\u01a1 v\u01a1 tr\u00ean thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n g\u00e1i Susan, sau nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp g\u1eb7p Kainene anh \u0111em l\u00f2ng y\u00eau Kainene v\u00e0 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i Susan. Nh\u01b0ng, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 H\u1ea3i H\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch s\u00e1ch, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 kh\u00e1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh d\u1ecb ch\u1ee7ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta quen nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng da tr\u1eafng \u1edf v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 da m\u00e0u th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n \u1edf th\u1ebf \u201cth\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong\u201d t\u1eeb v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; \u0111\u00e0ng n\u00e0y Richard ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, anh sang x\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01a1 t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch qua nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m b\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n. T\u00e2m h\u1ed3n anh trong tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i khi g\u1eb7p Kainene v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y y\u00eau n\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0ng h\u00f4n ch\u00e0o (ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean m\u00e1) k\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0ng h\u00f4n l\u00ean m\u00f4i th\u00ec anh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n chung th\u1ee7y v\u1edbi Susan n\u1eefa, anh l\u00fd lu\u1eadn: \u201cChung th\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c!\u201d Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng. Y\u00eau Kainene anh d\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 \u1edf nh\u00e0 n\u00e0ng (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u1edf nh\u00e0 Susan) anh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0. V\u1edbi Kainene, \u0111\u00f4i ba l\u1ea7n anh n\u1ed5i ghen nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m m\u00ecnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u anh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 b\u00ecnh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c ch\u0103n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f9ng n\u00e0ng: Richard b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m t\u1ef1 ti kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t, \u00edt ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 anh y\u00eau. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ee5, \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p Odenigbo-Olanna, nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Patel, \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, Okeoma nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nwala; ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Madu m\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Kainene c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, qu\u00e1 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f5a, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Richard xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n? Sau c\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u00fa b\u00e9 Ugwu m\u01b0\u1eddi ba tu\u1ed5i khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 Odenigbo \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u00fa may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u01b0 x\u1eed t\u1ed1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. R\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp sau, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 g\u1eb7p b\u00e0 ch\u1ee7, ch\u00fa b\u1ecb b\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 chinh ph\u1ee5c v\u00ec nhan s\u1eafc m\u00e0 c\u0169ng v\u00ec t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 n\u1eefa. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fa nghi\u1ec5m nhi\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a hai nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh, Odenigbo v\u00e0 Olanna. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn, Odenigbo nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh, nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh trong y\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 trong l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 anh theo \u0111u\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng anh l\u00e0 m\u1eabu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng khinh b\u1ec9 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt. Anh h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tham gia phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb do Ojukwu \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a anh v\u00e0 v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb; song song v\u1edbi \u201cvi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d chuy\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, anh y\u00eau Olanna v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng say \u0111\u1eafm s\u00f4i b\u1ecfng ngang b\u1eb1ng. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng truy\u1ec7n th\u00ec b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n Odenigbo ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Trong chuy\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, anh v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ed5 h\u1ee7 \u0111ang t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y chay c\u00f4 con d\u00e2u t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc t\u00e2n th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3u Olanna. B\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea1o tay \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam ch\u0103n g\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u1eadu con trai m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00f4 g\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp Olanna v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t. Anh ta l\u1ecdt b\u1eaby! Chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i. T\u00ecnh m\u1eabu t\u1eed tuy b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho hao h\u1ee5t ch\u00fat n\u00e0o trong anh. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi nh\u1eadn tin m\u1eb9 ch\u1ebft trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, tinh th\u1ea7n anh xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ed1c. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi sa s\u00fat tinh th\u1ea7n do c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. Odenigbo bu\u00f4ng tay, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y h\u0103ng h\u00e1i v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thu\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Olanna. Anh \u0111\u00e2m ra nghi\u1ec7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u b\u00ea tha v\u00e0, trong gam m\u00e0u nh\u1ea1t h\u01a1n, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ebd ra cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecnh v\u1ee5ng tr\u1ed9m m\u00f9 m\u1edd gi\u1eefa anh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng m\u00f9 m\u1edd kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. Olanna tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i. N\u00e0ng t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau n\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh; khi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u x\u1ea5u n\u00e0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng toan t\u00ednh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u00fd tr\u00ed tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n b\u1ea5n lo\u1ea1n, n\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng tay Richard, \u00f4ng anh r\u1ec3 h\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00e0ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Richard, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea9y ch\u00e2n \u1ea5y c\u1ea3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Richard ngay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eefng s\u1edd v\u00ec dung nhan n\u00e0ng. C\u1eb7p trai g\u00e1i ch\u00ednh, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u2013 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111em l\u00f2ng y\u00eau c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 hai, Kainene v\u00e0 Richard. Kainene l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u01a1i l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa Richard, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh \u0102ng-l\u00ea c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng, \u1ea5y th\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00e0ng c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft y\u00eau v\u00e0 y\u00eau<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/i> Richard, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 n\u00e0ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. T\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0ng ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c, n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u00e0ng l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n ta t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0ng x\u1eed s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4 em ru\u1ed9t khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7 v\u1edbi nhau. V\u1ec1 g\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch, ta th\u1ea5y n\u00e0ng tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p nguy (kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 l\u1eafm) cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. C\u00f2n Richard? Anh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn trang ch\u00f3t, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u1eadu thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u1edbn. Anh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u00e0o n\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a Kainene, nh\u01b0ng anh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau. L\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau, anh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb \u0111i chu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i cho ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp cha \u00f4ng. Anh n\u00e9m tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i cung c\u00e1ch \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 xin l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Igbo v\u00e0 anh t\u1ecf r\u00f5 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed trong vi\u1ec7c tham gia th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o do anh vi\u1ebft ra \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 anh ch\u00e0ng thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Madu h\u00e3nh ti\u1ebfn ki\u00eau c\u0103ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00fan m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Biafra cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng e d\u00e8. L\u00e1 c\u1edd n\u1eeda m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0ng sau r\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i li\u00ean bang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn Biafra v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea1y sang t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n b\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
3) Cu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec7n do m\u1ed9t n\u1eef v\u0103n s\u0129 tr\u1ebb vi\u1ebft, b\u00e0 Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, sinh n\u0103m 1977, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m sau khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Biafra ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. B\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nsukka, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Odenigbo gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec7n t\u00f9ng s\u1ef1, sau b\u00e0 sang M\u1ef9 h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Drexel University \u1edf Philadelphia tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi theo h\u1ecdc kh\u00f3a vi\u1ebft v\u0103n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Hopkins. Cu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0, B\u00f4ng B\u1ee5t T\u00edm<\/i>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n trong Kh\u1ed1i Th\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u1ee3ng Chung (Commonwealth) v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u tay n\u0103m 2005 (Best First Book Award), ti\u1ebfp theo n\u0103m 2007 b\u00e0 nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Orange Prize d\u00e0nh cho truy\u1ec7n h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u nh\u1edd cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, N\u1eeda M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi V\u00e0ng<\/i> (Half of a Yellow Sun<\/em>). Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 theo thi\u1ec3n \u00fd kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec, sau nh\u1eefng gi\u00f2ng s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 l\u00e0: ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i b\u0103n kho\u0103n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb c\u1ea7m b\u00fat khi vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba qua c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/em>.<\/p>\n T\u1ea5n th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Nigeria l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch chung cho nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ch\u1ecbu \u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang \u1edf v\u00f9ng Phi ch\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u nh\u1edd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu \u0111au y\u1ebfu v\u1eabn l\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng m\u1ed3i ngon cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, qua nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 s\u1edf ch\u00fang ta, s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 r\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh ta v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t xin nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng qua v\u00e0i gi\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed b\u00e0 Adichie, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u01b0u \u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 n\u0103m sinh c\u1ee7a n\u1eef s\u0129, n\u0103m 1977, m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m sau khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Biafra ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. T\u00f4i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan th\u1eadt trung th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00f3n \u0103n ngu\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u hay ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 8x hay 9x c\u1ee7a ta, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb n\u00e0o d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam ba m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n, ba m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u0103ng. Adichie ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Biafra, d\u00f9 b\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c tranh gi\u00e0nh c\u0169 tr\u00ean x\u1ee9 s\u1edf b\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u1edf trang \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng m\u00e0 b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau chi\u1ebfn tranh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1eadn m\u1eaft nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 trong ch\u00e2n t\u01a1 k\u1ebd t\u00f3c s\u00e1t c\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec3m nguy; b\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i\u2026 \u2013 b\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u trong \u0111\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u0169. C\u00f9ng l\u1eafm c\u0169ng n\u00ean t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng qua. Qua cu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec7n, th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch Biafra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta mong \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: nh\u00e0 v\u0103n li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u<\/i> hay ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng \u00edt<\/i> nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1eed gia l\u00e0 trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh; li\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 trung th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0<\/i> nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft s\u1eed, trong khi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a s\u1eed gia l\u00e0 ghi ch\u00e9p s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (cho d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai). Tuy v\u1eady c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1t n\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 sinh nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1i thai mang t\u00ednh tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ebd gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft chi nhi\u1ec1u, ng\u1eafm v\u00e0i th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng; t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n mi\u1ec1n Nam khi suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Adichie \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y b\u00e0 can \u0111\u1ea3m (khi t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o b\u00e0 can \u0111\u1ea3m th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1i li\u1ec1u \u1edf ch\u1ed7 d\u00f9 th\u1ea5y b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c phe t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb Biafra nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt b\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1n c\u00e2n l\u1ec7ch), can \u0111\u1ea3m l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: c\u1ea3nh Ugwu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u0169 hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2m c\u00f4 g\u00e1i b\u00e1n qu\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Khi g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00f4i gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u00f4n l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t n\u0103m s\u1ed1ng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m c\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0, c\u0169ng v\u00ec tr\u00ean kia t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 v\u0103n tuy kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ra ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00ean l\u1ea1i th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc xa h\u01a1n: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfa l\u1ea5p? C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfa l\u1ea5p. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh bi \u0111\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra? V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n ng\u0169 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i qu\u00e1 nh\u00e0n t\u1ea3n n\u00ean t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t b\u1ec9 \u1ed5i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m ng\u00f3t n\u0103m tr\u1eddi \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1972, b\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c gay go \u01b0? T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Pleiku trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd ph\u00fat ch\u00f3t, khi t\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u00f4ng s\u0129 quan c\u1ea5p \u00fay ch\u1ed5ng m\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c \u00f4ng t\u00e1 th\u00ec bay v\u00f9 v\u00f9 (t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Ti\u1ebfu ba l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111ang tr\u00ean tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng bay \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3). B\u1ed9 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111i d\u1ea1o m\u00e1t ng\u1eafm tr\u0103ng ch\u1eafc? T\u00f4i c\u00f3 nghe chuy\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i \u201canh h\u00f9ng h\u1ea3o h\u00e1n\u201d c\u1eaft tai x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft c\u00e1c binh s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ecf d\u00e2y \u0111eo c\u1ed5(?) v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 nghe k\u1ec3 th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1y tr\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eebng g\u1eb7p h\u1ecd (v\u00ec g\u1eb7p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed tr\u00ed ra sao v\u1edbi h\u1ecd). T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u00f4i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb may m\u1eafn.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n th\u1ecb H\u1ea3i H\u00e0, trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 V\u0103n Mi\u1ec1n Nam Th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn<\/em>, tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp do nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Tr\u1ea7n Ho\u00e0i Th\u01b0 thu th\u1eadp, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng qua 117 truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn m\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc, tuy\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 truy\u1ec7n n\u00e0o mang \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u0103m th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. D\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1eady m\u00e0 khi nghe c\u00f4 n\u00f3i, t\u00f4i r\u01b0ng r\u01b0ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1eeba t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o cho tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i) th\u1eddi \u1ea5y. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd l\u00e0m v\u1eady. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn kh\u1eafp, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi c\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ebbo tai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111eo v\u00e0o c\u1ed5 th\u00ec chuy\u1ec7n kia<\/i> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1eafm ch\u1ee9. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n truy l\u00f9ng trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng x\u00f4i \u0111\u1eadu, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ban ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u1ecf ra \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 phe n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec hoan h\u00f4 c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 phe kia. M\u1ed9t vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n b\u1eafn t\u1ec9a, m\u1ed9t b\u1eaby n\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t h\u1ea7m ch\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee5y trang g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a hung b\u1ea1o h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 to\u00e1n l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a William Calley, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd<\/i> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ebfm hoi h\u01a1n. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t n\u0103m \u0111\u00e1nh nhau, g\u01b0\u01a1ng anh h\u00f9ng li\u1ec7t s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu v\u1eady m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi thanh ni\u00ean mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eabn v\u1eeba c\u1ea7m s\u00fang m\u00e0 v\u1eeba\u2026 l\u00fd s\u1ef1 r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 h\u1ecd theo \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn duy nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh\u2026 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch vi\u1ec7c thua cu\u1ed9c. T\u00f4i d\u00e1m ngoa ng\u00f4n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat khi \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t n\u00e0y: h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 huy th\u1ea5p (thi\u1ebfu \u00fay hay chu\u1ea9n \u00fay) \u00edt hay nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3i l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh ra b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 \u2013 tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 k\u1ebb suy ngh\u0129 gi\u00f9m v\u00e0 v\u1ea1ch s\u1eb5n l\u1ed1i \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chung chung l\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o. Trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p trung \u0111\u1ed9i, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5p th\u00ec ch\u1eafc nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc hi\u1ebfm khi x\u1ea3y ra. T\u1eeb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn khi c\u1ea7m s\u00fang ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u00f9 sao \u0111i n\u1eefa, c\u0169ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb\/suy t\u00ednh\/e d\u00e8\/c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc thi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n\/v\u00e0 r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi h\u1ecd (t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 trong ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh cho ph\u00e9p) kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng!<\/p>\n T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 1945 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u1ea3y ra n\u01a1i x\u1ee9 ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng. B\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e0u chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Adichie t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi l\u00e0m r\u01a1i r\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i. Chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u1eady, n\u00f3 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn r\u00e1ch n\u00e1t v\u00f2 x\u00e9 c\u01b0a x\u1ebb b\u0103m v\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e2m ch\u00e9m ta v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n th\u1ebf. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 k\u1ebb trong cu\u1ed9c m\u1edbi n\u00f3i h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Li\u1ec7u khi gom l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng gi\u00f2ng ghi t\u1eeb hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u00ean kia chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c tru\u00e2n chuy\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng? R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean<\/i> m\u00e0 qu\u00ean \u0111i<\/i> trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf bao dung \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi s\u0129 vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng n\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eb1ng \u201ccu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u0169 s\u1ebd coi l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp,\u201d<\/i> th\u00ec r\u1ed3i:<\/p>\n B\u1ed3 b\u1ecbch h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9a n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ng\u1ee5y <\/i><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<\/i>Th\u1eafng vinh quang m\u00e0 b\u1ea1i c\u0169ng anh h\u00f9ng
<\/i>(th\u01a1 Cao T\u1ea7n)<\/p>\n
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