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<\/a><\/p>\nV\u0103n H\u1ecdc Press <\/p>\n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em><\/p>\n ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc TR\u1ecaNH Y TH\u01af <\/strong>d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n V\u0102N H\u1eccC PRESS xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, 2023<\/p>\n <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n L\u1edcI NG\u01af\u1edcI D\u1ecaCH<\/strong><\/p>\n Su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u0103m qua, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1929, cu\u1ed1n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang <\/em>c\u1ee7a Virginia Woolf v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u1eadp ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn b\u1edfi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Le Monde <\/em>c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 69 trong s\u1ed1 100 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch hay, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. K\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho N\u1eef quy\u1ec1n lu\u1eadn<\/em> trong hai l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh Woolf \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eed t\u1ecda to\u00e0n ph\u00e1i n\u1eef t\u1ea1i hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, Newham v\u00e0 Girton, thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc danh ti\u1ebfng Cambridge c\u1ee7a Anh qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928, xoay quanh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cPh\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.\u201d<\/p>\n Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, Woolf t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn truy ngu\u1ed3n qua s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch vi\u1ebft trong m\u1ea5y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 b\u1edfi cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m Woolf vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (d\u00f9 l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u1eabn b\u1ecb xem th\u01b0\u1eddng do \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn. Trong g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi sinh ho\u1ea1t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u1eabn n\u1eafm gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t; \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i tr\u1ee3, nu\u00f4i con.<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc s\u01a1 qua v\u1ec1 cao tr\u00e0o tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho N\u1eef quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m Woolf mu\u1ed1n xo\u00e1y v\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc; trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch b\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, \u201cPh\u1ee5 n\u1eef mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft v\u0103n, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang.\u201d<\/p>\n Trong m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Woolf, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u00e0 do ph\u00e1i nam x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 \u00fd g\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1. M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb, tr\u1ecdng nam khinh n\u1eef, n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 cao qu\u00fd. \u0110\u00e0n b\u00e0 l\u00fac tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf th\u1eeba cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i; t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp, ai n\u1ea5y m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn: ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u00ec thi\u00ean t\u01b0 t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef vi\u1ebft v\u0103n l\u00e0m th\u01a1 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi v\u00ed nh\u01b0 \u201ccon ch\u00f3 b\u00f4ng x\u00f9 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2 mua vui trong g\u00e1nh xi\u1ec7c.\u201d Qua s\u00e1ch v\u1edf su\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, Woolf chua x\u00f3t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng \u201cb\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00e0o sinh ra v\u1edbi thi\u00ean t\u01b0 h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111i\u00ean lo\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 k\u1ebft li\u1ec5u \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c n\u1ed1t qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong t\u00fap l\u1ec1u b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00f4n l\u00e0ng, n\u1eeda ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y, n\u1eeda ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, nh\u1ea1o b\u00e1ng.\u201d<\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 t\u00e0i th\u01a1 v\u0103n th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3!<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft, n\u1ea5c thang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 qua l\u0103ng k\u00ednh gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh. C\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n t\u1ea7m ph\u00e0o b\u1edfi n\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch.\u201d Woolf kh\u00f4ng che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 khi n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em> n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u00e1m \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u2013 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i n\u1eef c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1i nam kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef? Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1 trong v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng? V\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef m\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1edfi ph\u00e1i nam?<\/p>\n C\u01a1 s\u1edf cho Woolf \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau thi\u00ean t\u00e0i ph\u00e1i n\u1eef. Woolf t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u: Judith Shakespeare, em g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a William. Judith c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng thi\u00ean b\u1ea9m ch\u1eb3ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec \u00f4ng anh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4 b\u1ecb cha m\u1eb9 r\u0103n c\u1ea5m nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m c\u00f4 tr\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 l\u00ean London t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chen ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng \u00ea ch\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1o b\u00e1ng xem th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 trong tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng, sau khi c\u00f3 b\u1ea7u v\u1edbi anh ch\u00e0ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ea1p h\u00e1t th\u00f4 l\u1ed7, c\u00f4 \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. X\u00e1c c\u00f4 b\u1ecb v\u00f9i trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00f4 danh ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 l\u1ebd nh\u1eefng c\u00f4 g\u00e1i nh\u01b0 Judith c\u00f3 th\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do Woolf h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean. <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng Judith, trong m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Woolf, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i, sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u00e1 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4 g\u00e1i con nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o. \u1ede ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Woolf ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m t\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan t\u00e2m cho v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t. C\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u201c\u2026 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Shakespeare kh\u00f4ng sinh ra trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f2i\u201d c\u1ee7a Woolf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y tranh bi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt k\u1ebb, nh\u01b0 D. H. Lawrence ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, nh\u00edu m\u00e0y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Woolf b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t l\u1ea5y lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 do, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1edf hoa n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, hi\u1ec1m th\u00f9 hay t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do. Ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb v\u1eady th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0m v\u0103n, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf l\u1ef1c to l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i n\u1eef. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong s\u00e1ch v\u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u v\u0103n, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u th\u01a1, m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u cho \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e2u h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1i nam. Theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Woolf th\u00ec t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i nam kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1i n\u1eef, v\u00e0 b\u1edfi th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cb\u00fat ph\u00e1p n\u1eef\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eef.<\/p>\n Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, Woolf kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt quay qu\u1eaft v\u1edbi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc: m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, thi\u00ean t\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi v\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1i nam ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1i n\u1eef? N\u1ebfu th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Woolf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, b\u1edfi ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, N\u1eef quy\u1ec1n lu\u1eadn<\/em> m\u1edbi th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, t\u1ea1o thanh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft B\u00fat ph\u00e1p N\u1eef<\/em> do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.<\/p>\n Woolf xem \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n l\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n cho v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Woolf \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i,\u201d ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh (nh\u01b0 Shakespeare hay Jane Austen \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m) th\u00ec thi\u00ean t\u00e0i m\u00ecnh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. Woolf vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Jane Austen nh\u01b0 sau: \u0110o\u1ea1n \u0111em t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Jane Eyre c\u1ee7a Charlotte Bronte ra \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi Austen:<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 [Charlotte Bronte] vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thi\u00ean t\u01b0 h\u01a1n Jane Austen; nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 th\u00fac m\u1ea1nh trong \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u00f3p m\u00e9o, v\u1eb7n v\u1eb9o. Thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft trong gi\u1eadn d\u1eef. Thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft cho minh tri\u1ebft, b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft trong \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3. Thay v\u00ec vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh b\u00e0. B\u00e0 g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0. Bi\u1ebft sao h\u01a1n, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0nh ch\u1ebft tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft trong mu\u1ed9n s\u1ea7u, th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Woolf l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2013 t\u1eeb Kierkegaard cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Ibsen, Strindberg, Pirandello, Gide, Malraux, Camus hay c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Hi\u1ec7n sinh c\u1ee7a Sartre, Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Phi l\u00fd c\u1ee7a lonescu v\u00e0 Beckett, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Nga nh\u01b0 Pasternak \u2013 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u0129u n\u1eb7ng \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i\u201d t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i\u201d th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thi ca hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n vong b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o t\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea7y bi quan v\u00e0 nghi ho\u1eb7c, b\u1ecb \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1m n\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3i \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p b\u00ean trong \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i\u201d ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00f4i ch\u1ee9 h\u1eafn v\u1eabn ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft g\u00ec th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh h\u1eafn.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: Kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00f4i\u201d nh\u01b0 Shakespeare v\u00e0 Jane Austen \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9, hay quay v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p, tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i trong n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m? C\u00e1i n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n cho v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng? C\u00e1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn h\u01a1n? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ta ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1edfi ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111a chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. V\u00e0 m\u1ecdi l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c, kh\u00e1 l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng v\u00e0 th\u00fa v\u1ecb, Woolf \u0111\u01b0a ra trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh.\u201d<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u201ckh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh\u201d l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u0103n g\u00e1c tr\u1ecd nh\u00ecn qua k\u00ednh c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n nam n\u1eef d\u00ecu nhau chui v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed7 b\u00ean l\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, Woolf b\u1ed7ng n\u1ea3y ra \u00fd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c s\u1ebd si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t bi\u1ebft bao n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi hai n\u1eeda kh\u1ed1i, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda nam v\u00e0 n\u1eeda kia n\u1eef. H\u00e3y nghe Woolf n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n \u2026 trong m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hai n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 huy song h\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t nam, m\u1ed9t n\u1eef; v\u00e0 trong tr\u00ed \u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, trong tr\u00ed \u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. Khi c\u1ea3 hai chung s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed3ng, trong tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, th\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 trong tr\u00ed \u00f3c \u00f4ng ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng; v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i giao h\u00f2a v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng trong tr\u00ed \u00f3c m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n K\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c, Woolf vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y t\u1eeb Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834), nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, tri\u1ebft gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u L\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n Anh. Theo Coleridge, kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh. \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 tr\u00ed \u00f3c tr\u1edf n\u00ean phong ph\u00fa, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n Woolf \u0111\u1ec1 cao \u201ckh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con thuy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng to\u00e0n b\u00edch, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 Shakespeare:<\/p>\n \u2026 kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh th\u00ec vang d\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u; n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0o; n\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; n\u00f3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i Shakespeare \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh, kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c nam-n\u1eef t\u00ednh, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0.<\/p>\n Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, Woolf c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ta-bu v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ecfa chi\u1ebft l\u00ean x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Anh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng Victoria b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, Woolf \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ai, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 v\u1edbi nhau ch\u01b0a, m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ra kh\u1ecfi l\u1ec1 th\u00f3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng-\u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0? T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Woolf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m qu\u1ea3 bom c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Anh b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 xem chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ta-bu l\u1edbn. \u201c\u0110\u1eebng gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecf m\u1eb7t. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn trong s\u1ef1 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i khi x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u00f4i khi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 th\u00edch \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0.\u201d Woolf n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u1eed t\u1ecda c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n \u201cD\u00f2ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c\u201d c\u1ee7a Woolf trong cu\u1ed1n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch l\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho N\u1eef quy\u1ec1n lu\u1eadn<\/em> sau n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho nh\u1eefng suy nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Simone de Beauvoir, Susan B. Anthony, Mary Wollstonecraft v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, trong su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, tri\u1ec3n khai th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n Ng\u00f3t m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau, khi \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1eddi Woolf sinh s\u1ed1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u1ec1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi xem th\u01b0\u1eddng, r\u1ebb r\u00fang. V\u00e0 ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y Woolf l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. Trong m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho G. Lowes Dickinson, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch, Woolf \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00fat vi\u1ebft d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef sau: \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef tr\u1ebb, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4 \u1ea5y b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3.\u201d<\/p>\n G\u1ea5p cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i, ta \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng Woolf t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ti\u00eam v\u00e0o tim \u00f3c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n tr\u1ebb \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft v\u0103n hay h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng. Hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u sai \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Woolf khi vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. H\u00e3y nghe Woolf k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n \u2026 quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9 s\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi em g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Shakespeare, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady. V\u1ebd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 danh \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 anh c\u00f4 l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, c\u00f4 s\u1ebd h\u1ed3i sinh. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eebng mong c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f4 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ch\u00fang ta, b\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft c\u00f4 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta d\u1ed3n m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho c\u00f4, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec d\u00f9 trong ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n Virginia Woolf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n \u201ct\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i\u201d k\u1ef3 v\u0129 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh James Joyce, Marcel Proust, Franz Kafka. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 \u0111am m\u00ea s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00f4 b\u1edd, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m x\u00e1c t\u00edn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, xuy\u00ean qua cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, Woolf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau ra. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t Virginia Woolf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, cao r\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng, t\u1ef1 do trong b\u00fat ph\u00e1p khi l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean gi\u1eefa ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, gi\u1eefa tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n Trong b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n do ph\u00e1t thanh vi\u00ean Thanh H\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i Radio France Internationale – Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t (RFi) th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m 2017, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0o g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i khi d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Virginia Woolf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u1ecb nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n \u201cD\u1ecbch, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y cam go. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u1ecbch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t c\u00e1i phong c\u00e1ch v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1eefa. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i phong c\u00e1ch v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Virginia Woolf \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho t\u00f4i. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch mang h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng uy\u00ean b\u00e1c, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u00e0n l\u00e2m l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng, tr\u00e0n lan nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00f4 h\u1ed3n, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng ni\u1ec1m x\u00e1c t\u00edn m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. Woolf l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia, b\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00f2ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c.\u201d T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec l\u00ean v\u0103n l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1edbi cu\u1ed1n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m t\u01b0 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. B\u00e0 vi\u1ebft n\u00f3 v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i tim nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c; h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt, mi\u00eau t\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed9c tho\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft. Khi d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch sang Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec phong c\u00e1ch duy c\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, ch\u1eb3ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ch\u1eafc m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/p>\n V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c, ph\u00e1t thanh vi\u00ean Thanh H\u00e0 h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec khi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n \u201cCh\u00ednh c\u00e1i s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Virginia Woolf trong t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u01a1i t\u00f4i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, thi\u00ean t\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Shakespeare kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh ra trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f2i, th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ch\u00e2n; ho\u1eb7c, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef vi\u1ebft v\u0103n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang), nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0 khi b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh [\u2026] T\u00f4i cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n nh\u01b0 b\u00e0, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ecbu \u00e9p m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, vo tr\u00f2n. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng b\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh, ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o? V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng b\u1edfi th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m b\u00e0 ra b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, b\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0?\u201d<\/p>\n \u1ea4n b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Tri Th\u1ee9c (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2009, n\u1eb1m trong T\u1ee7 S\u00e1ch Tinh Hoa v\u00e0 do Qu\u1ef9 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Virginia Woolf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. N\u0103m 2016, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 t\u0103ng b\u1ed5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3 hai \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n R\u1ea5t mong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n \u2013 Tr\u1ecbnh Y Th\u01b0<\/strong> <\/em>\n<\/p>\n @@@<\/p>\n S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u00e1n tr\u00ean BARNES & NOBLE Ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch qua \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email sau: \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" <\/p>\n V\u0103n H\u1ecdc Presstr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang
<\/strong>tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n
VIRGINIA WOOLF<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 [Jane Austen] n\u00e0y s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1800, nh\u01b0ng trong v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t, kh\u00f4ng cay \u0111\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng rao gi\u1ea3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Shakespeare vi\u1ebft\u2026<\/p>\n
\nD\u1ecbch C\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n
\n(California, 2023)<\/em><\/p>\n
216 trang, b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n: US$25.00
Xin b\u1ea5m v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn sau:
Can phong rieng by Virginia Woolf, Hardcover | Barnes & Noble\u00ae (barnesandnoble.com)<\/a>
Search Keywords: Can phong rieng, virginia woolf<\/p>\n
trinhythu2000@yahoo.com<\/a>
trinhythu@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n
\n <\/p>\n
\nti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdcVIRGINIA WOOLF
\nTR\u1ecaNH Y TH\u01af d\u1ecbch
\nV\u0102N H\u1eccC PRESS xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, 2023<\/p>\n
\n
\nL\u1edcI NG\u01af\u1edcI D\u1ecaCH
\nSu\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u0103m qua, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1929, cu\u1ed1n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2235,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[40,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sach-moi","category-sinh-hoat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2235"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75767"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":75768,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75767\/revisions\/75768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}