{"id":7230,"date":"2009-07-06T00:06:00","date_gmt":"2009-07-06T00:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/archives\/7230"},"modified":"2019-02-25T22:41:54","modified_gmt":"2019-02-25T22:41:54","slug":"doi-thoai-voi-cac-linh-hon-doc-ma-chien-huu-cua-mac-ngon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/7230\/doi-thoai-voi-cac-linh-hon-doc-ma-chien-huu-cua-mac-ngon","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi các linh h\u1ed3n: \u0110\u1ecdc Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ngôn"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u201cAi da! \u0110au qu\u00e1! \u0110au qu\u00e1, m\u1eb9 \u01a1i! \u0110au qu\u00e1,
Th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh con \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1n xuy\u00ean qua.
Vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n xuy\u00ean qua \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u00e2n c\u00e2y con \u0111ang t\u1ef1a,
N\u00f3 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i k\u00eau l\u00ean th\u00ea th\u1ea3m: M\u1eb9 \u01a1i!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

                                      (Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em><\/strong>)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"ma_chien_huu\" Chi\u1ebfn tranh! Trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh! C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh phi ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

Cho d\u00f9 ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a hay phi ngh\u0129a, chi\u1ebfn tranh bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi k\u1ecbch th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0nh da tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. L\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00f4i khi r\u1ea5t m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, v\u00f4 l\u00fd: \u201cM\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc<\/em>\u201d m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em><\/strong> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n M\u1ea1c Nghi\u1ec7p, sinh t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n Cao M\u1eadt, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng<\/a>, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u, \u0111ang h\u1ecdc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng v\u00ec C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1<\/em><\/a>. \u00d4ng ph\u1ea3i tham gia lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, ch\u0103n d\u00ea ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n. N\u0103m 1976 M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n nh\u1eadp ng\u0169. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1984<\/a>, \u00f4ng tr\u00fang tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o khoa V\u0103n thu\u1ed9c H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1986<\/a>. Th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1987<\/a> \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed<\/a> v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u0103n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. N\u0103m 1981,<\/a> M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho in 10 truy\u1ec7n d\u00e0i, 20 truy\u1ec7n v\u1eeba, h\u01a1n 60 truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 5 tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i k\u00fd, ph\u00f3ng s\u1ef1, t\u00f9y b\u00fat… t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean 200 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Cao l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ecf<\/em><\/a> do Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Ngh\u1ec7 M\u01b0u<\/a> chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh phim<\/a>. B\u1ed9 phim gi\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i C\u00e0nh c\u1ecd v\u00e0ng<\/a> t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean hoan phim Cannes<\/a> n\u0103m 1994<\/a>. Th\u00e1ng 12.1995, B\u00e1u v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi<\/em> \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/a>. \u0110\u00e0n h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00ecnh <\/em>\u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Mao Thu\u1eabn<\/a>. (1)<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu tr\u00f9ng ph\u00f9ng, <\/em>M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1992, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2008 Nxb V\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam mua b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Tr\u1ea7n Trung H\u1ef7 d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u1ea5y t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em><\/strong>. Sau khi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng tranh lu\u1eadn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trang web v\u00e0 blogger Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2) v\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cnh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m\u201d c\u1ee7a hai qu\u1ed1c gia: cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung \u2013 Vi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1979, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang 30 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

V\u00e0i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t – Trung n\u0103m 1979 <\/strong>(3) <\/strong><\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 Trung n\u0103m 1979 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ng\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/a> v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a>, n\u1ed5 ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 2<\/a> n\u0103m 1979 khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean to\u00e0n tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc. Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t – Trung xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb quan h\u1ec7 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i gi\u1eefa hai qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, t\u1eeb khi hai n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb: v\u1eeba l\u00e0 \u201canh em\u201d v\u1eeba ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb tham v\u1ecdng b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e0ng t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tay ba Vi\u1ec7t Nam – Li\u00ean X\u00f4 – Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u1eeb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1975 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa<\/a> v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa<\/a>; c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed1c Hoa; v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quan h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa ba n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc Kinh xem l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u201cs\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/em>\u201d. N\u0103m 1975, Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho Campuchia vay kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e3i 1 t\u1ef7 USD<\/a> v\u00e0 k\u00ed k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Khmer \u0110\u1ecf v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1976<\/a>. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam – Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00ean cao th\u00ec \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda T\u00e2y Nam c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Khmer \u0110\u1ecf, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u leo thang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n Mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ebb t\u1ebb \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam – Campuchia<\/a> v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Campuchia<\/a> l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Khmer \u0110\u1ecf<\/a>. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u00fd k\u1ebft Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u2013 Li\u00ean x\u00f4 1978 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u201cd\u1ea1y cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc\u201d<\/em> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Khmer \u0110\u1ecf. <\/em>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c mu\u1ed1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o s\u00e2u l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean x\u00f4, sau khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam gia nh\u1eadp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 Kinh t\u1ebf SEV, v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (1978), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea3o \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u1edbn v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecbch khi x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u1eb7c Li\u00ean X\u00f4<\/em>.<\/em><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 3<\/a> n\u0103m 1979<\/a>, sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ecb x\u00e3 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, L\u00e0o Cai, Cao B\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i. D\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 3<\/a> t\u1ea1i th\u00f4n T\u1ed5ng Ch\u00fac, x\u00e3 H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, huy\u1ec7n H\u00f2a An<\/a>, Cao B\u1eb1ng<\/a>, khi qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng b\u00faa v\u00e0 dao gi\u1ebft 43 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ed3m 21 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 20 tr\u1ebb em, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 7 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111ang mang thai, r\u1ed3i n\u00e9m x\u00e1c xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ebfng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00fac r\u1ed3i v\u1ee9t hai b\u00ean b\u1edd su\u1ed1i. Trong th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n hay c\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ecb x\u00e3 th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Sapa, \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0110\u0103ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n…<\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c bu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u00fat qu\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi Campuchia<\/a> kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc. Xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u0169 trang t\u1ea1i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 Trung c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n th\u00eam 10 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda B\u1eafc n\u0103m 1979 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi trong hai b\u1ed9 phim \u0110\u1ea5t m\u1eb9<\/a><\/em> (1980<\/a>) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n H\u1ea3i Ninh<\/a> v\u00e0 Th\u1ecb x\u00e3 trong t\u1ea7m tay<\/a><\/em> (1982<\/a>) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n \u0110\u1eb7ng Nh\u1eadt Minh<\/a>. N\u0103m 1982<\/a>, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 Hoa \u0111\u01b0a h\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t anh n\u1eb1m<\/em> do Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thanh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt ch\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0a tin chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, b\u1ed9 phim n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Trong th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi n\u1ed5 ra v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 Chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do<\/a><\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Tuy\u00ean<\/a>, L\u1eddi t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t l\u00fac l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 V\u0169 Tr\u1ecdng H\u1ed1i<\/a>, B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u00f9ng ra tr\u1eadn<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3ng \u0110\u0103ng<\/a>, Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft mang h\u00ecnh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n Ti\u1ebfn<\/a> v\u00e0 H\u00e1t v\u1ec1 anh<\/a><\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Th\u1ebf Hi\u1ec3n<\/a>. V\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u00eam th\u00e1ng Hai<\/em> (1979) c\u1ee7a Chu Lai<\/a> v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n dung ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m<\/em><\/a> (1979) c\u1ee7a D\u01b0\u01a1ng Thu H\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/a>.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 phim v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi 1979 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0 Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u00fai Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00e0i<\/em>, H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng<\/em>, Xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p 008\u2026<\/em>, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Phim C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Vi\u1ec7t<\/em> (Ch\u00e2u Nhu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1t v\u00e0o vai n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam), \u0110\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n<\/em> (do L\u01b0u \u0110\u1ee9c Hoa v\u00e0o vai ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean H\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ea3ng)\u2026<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n vi\u1ebft Chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu tr\u00f9ng ph\u00f9ng<\/em> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 Trung d\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Hoa c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb khi quan h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m <\/em>Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n, g\u1ed3m 196 trang, chia l\u00e0m 18 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n, vi\u1ebft xong n\u0103m 1992. K\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec7u Kim – m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh – tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u0103m gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u00ecnh c\u1edd g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu c\u0169. Kh\u00f4ng gian x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng qu\u00ea v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0a h\u00e8 m\u01b0a t\u1ea7m t\u00e3, Tri\u1ec7u Kim \u0111i qua c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eafc ngang s\u00f4ng. \u0110ang \u0111i tr\u00ean c\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh b\u1ed7ng nghe ti\u1ebfng ai \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean m\u00ecnh, ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, anh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i v\u1eaft v\u1ebbo tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh li\u1ec5u b\u00ean b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea. V\u00ec m\u01b0a to, s\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng ng\u1eadp c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 k\u1ecbp, Tri\u1ec7u Kim l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u00ea l\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean Tri\u1ec7u Kim \u0111\u00e0nh tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u00e2y. B\u1ea5t ng\u1edd anh g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00e0ng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1979 trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch. Hai chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu vui m\u1eebng, ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i \u1ee9c c\u0169 khi c\u00f2n trai tr\u1ebb, l\u00fac \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 \u0111i c\u00e2u c\u00e1, khi \u0111i nh\u1eadp ng\u0169 \u1edf Trung t\u00e2m d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, l\u00fac ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. K\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o ra bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111em h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t con tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea3nh c\u00e2u c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a cha con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c b\u00ean g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y li\u1ec5u.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a hai chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu – m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3n ma ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n l\u00ean \u00e1n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. Th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70, 80 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 khi c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 trang b\u1ecb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n th\u00ec qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. H\u00e3y xem nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n gi\u1ec5u c\u1ee3t n\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, khi mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft h\u00f4 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u nghi\u00eam, ngh\u1ec9. Chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1ch n\u00e9m l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, g\u00e0i b\u1ed9c ph\u00e1, \u0111\u00e0o h\u1ea7m\u2026 S\u0103m soi t\u1eebng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea5p ch\u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2n binh. \u201cTi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng La Nhi H\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e3 ng\u1ed1c ngh\u1ebfch, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u0103n g\u1ea5p, mi\u1ec7ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i: r\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n, h\u1eb9p qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n\u2026 khi v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u00e2n nh\u0169n, tay \u00f4m l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00e9m l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n th\u00ec qu\u00ean r\u00fat ch\u1ed1t<\/em>\u201d(tr 35).<\/p>\n

V\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u00ec th\u00f4 s\u01a1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu: \u201cM\u1eb9 ki\u1ebfp! Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00fang \u00e0? L\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn qu\u1ef7 Nh\u1eadt trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebb m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9a con kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, n\u00f2ng r\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea1n r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi n\u00f2ng l\u00e0 bay xi\u00ean xi\u00ean v\u1eb9o v\u1eb9o, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u00ec r\u1ec7u r\u00e3 h\u1ebft<\/em>\u201d (tr 143). Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n c\u00f2n chua ch\u00e1t, khi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng l\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u201cPh\u00e1o cao x\u1ea1 m\u00e0 b\u1eafn ngang l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn<\/em>\u201d (tr 33).<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00ean d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng, tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee1 mi\u1ec7ng \u0103n cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111i l\u00ednh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u201cg\u1ea1o tr\u1eafng, canh rau\u201d, \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 khoai, c\u1ee7 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0103n. C\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt l\u00e0ng qu\u00ea ngh\u00e8o x\u01a1 x\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea3o Ch\u00e2u trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 th\u0103m nh\u00e0: \u201cNh\u00e0 c\u1eeda tan hoang, kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i ph\u00e2n g\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e3i, m\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1t s\u1ee9t m\u1ebb n\u1eb1m ch\u1ecfng ch\u01a1 trong n\u1ed3i, tr\u00ean b\u1ebfp l\u00f2 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u1ee7 khoai m\u1ed1c th\u1ebfch<\/em>. B\u1ed1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e1ng m\u1ed9t tay v\u1ee3 anh qu\u1ea7n qu\u1eadt c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9a con ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i cho m\u1eb9 anh \u1edf nh\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Nh\u00e0 qu\u00e1 ngh\u00e8o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n mua s\u1eefa b\u1ed9t. Con b\u00e9 \u0111\u00f3i qu\u00e1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nhai m\u1ea5y m\u1ea9u b\u00e1nh kh\u00f4 m\u1edbm v\u00e0o m\u1ed3m. C\u00f3 h\u00f4m v\u00e9t m\u1ea5y h\u1ea1t c\u01a1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y n\u1ed3i c\u00f2n s\u00f3t cho v\u00e0o ph\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng, cho con b\u00e9 u\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y\u201d (tr 4<\/em>7-49).<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ru\u1ed7ng, nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, h\u00e8n nh\u00e1t, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb nh\u1edd \u0111\u00fat l\u00f3t, n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng tr\u00e0n lan: \u201c\u00d4ng gi\u00e0 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0y h\u1ed3ng h\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1eadp m\u1ea1p c\u00f3 con trai l\u00e0m c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 huy\u1ec7n, \u0103n n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t b\u1ed1p ch\u00e1t: B\u1ea3o b\u1ed1 anh b\u1ecf ra t\u00ed m\u00e1u mua m\u1ed9t \u00edt qu\u00e0 c\u00e1p \u1edf qu\u00ea mang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb bi\u1ebfu cho ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1t\u2026 C\u1ee9 tin l\u1eddi t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng h\u00e3y b\u1ecf ra ba tr\u0103m m\u00e0 lo li\u1ec7u, ch\u1edd cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi B\u1ea3o Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0m quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd thu v\u1ec1, \u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ed7 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 s\u1ee3.\u201d<\/em> Con trai \u00f4ng \u2014 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c t\u1eb9p nh\u1eb9p tr\u00ean huy\u1ec7n \u2014 nh\u1edd \u00f4ng mua chu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf huy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u1ee3t c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, con trai \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t l\u00ean ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng. \u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00f3 ng\u1ed3i xe con b\u00f3ng l\u1ed9n, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 th\u01a1m ngo\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u h\u1ea3o h\u1ea1ng, b\u1eefa \u0103n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ea3y t\u00e1m m\u00f3n, trong nh\u00e0 nu\u00f4i con ch\u00f3 b\u00e9c gi\u00ea ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0103n th\u1ecbt c\u00e1, \u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i l\u00f4ng b\u00f3ng m\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/em>\u201d (tr52-53).<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 tham v\u1ecdng trong khi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m. Ch\u00ednh m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t – Trung 1979.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh: \u201cTai t\u1edb b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1n l\u00e0m cho \u0111i\u1ebfc r\u1ed3i\u2026 Mi\u1ec7ng t\u1edb c\u0169ng b\u1ecb l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n thi\u00eau cho ch\u00e1y s\u00e9m\u2026 nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec ch\u1edd t\u1edb n\u00e0o? Ph\u1ee5c vi\u00ean! \u0110. m\u1eb9 nh\u00e2n gian sao m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng<\/em>!\u201d (tr 131); \u201cc\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1m chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u1eadu ra sao? – Ng\u1ee5y \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o th\u00ec \u0111i t\u00f9 do l\u1ee1 tay \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1ebft v\u1ee3 h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m. V\u00ec t\u1eebng tham gia chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00ean h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 c\u00f2n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m t\u00f9. C\u1eadu ta v\u1eeba v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 giam, v\u1ee3 \u1edf nh\u00e0 \u00f4m con \u0111i t\u00e1i gi\u00e1. Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u2018l\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng\u2019\u2026 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch, m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 n\u00e1t, n\u1eb1m ch\u1ebft g\u00ed trong l\u00e0ng, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ee9c chi \u1ee7y vi\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn tay n\u00f3\u2026 M\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm t\u1edb m\u01b0\u1ee3n ti\u1ec1n, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng mu\u1ed1n t\u00edch g\u00f3p ch\u00fat v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0103n bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n. T\u1edd ngh\u00e8o r\u1edbt m\u1ed3ng t\u01a1i, l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n cho c\u1eadu ta m\u01b0\u1ee3n\u201d<\/em> (tr 132).<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh li\u1ec7t s\u0129 neo \u0111\u01a1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai quan t\u00e2m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1 gi\u00e0 t\u00e0n t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ai gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, khi c\u1eady nh\u1edd b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi con m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1eady nh\u1edd ti\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1eady nh\u1edd \u201cc\u00e1i t\u00ecnh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d H\u00e3y nghe \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 c\u00f2m c\u00f5i, c\u1eady nh\u1edd b\u1ea1n con m\u00ecnh: \u201cCh\u00e1u Kim Kh\u1ed1 \u00e0, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y b\u00e1c c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m m\u01a1 th\u1ea7y Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u00e1c: B\u1ed1 \u01a1i, con \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng quen v\u00ec kh\u00ed h\u1eadu qu\u00e1 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, trong nh\u00e0 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1eaby giun \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026 b\u1ed1 \u01a1i, b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111em h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t con v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea ch\u00f4n \u1edf b\u1edd b\u1eafc con s\u00f4ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 m\u1eb9 con\u2026<\/em> Ch\u00e1u Kim Kh\u1ed1 \u00e0, ch\u00e1u v\u00e0 Anh H\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nhau, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1nh nhau \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda nam, quen \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng quen s\u00e1. B\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1edd ch\u00e1u \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phen, \u0111\u01b0a n\u1eafm x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Anh H\u00e0o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y, chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1c lo toan chu t\u1ea5t\u2026\u201d Nh\u01b0ng Qu\u00e1ch Kim Kh\u1ed1 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9 b\u1ea1n v\u00ec \u201cs\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n ti\u1ec1n\u201d (tr 166-167). \u0110\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 c\u1ee5t m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh l\u00ea b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam. \u201c\u0110\u00eam \u1ea5y m\u01b0a r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Nh\u1eefng \u00e1nh ch\u1edbp m\u00e0u lam xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5u qua \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y tua t\u1ee7a nh\u01b0 r\u00e2u b\u1ea1ch tu\u1ed9c chung quanh v\u00e1ch m\u1ed9, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a th\u1ea5m theo nh\u1eefng r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y nh\u1ecf xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft khi\u1ebfn chung quanh t\u1edb, \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00ecnh l\u00ean nh\u00e3o nho\u1eb9t. T\u1edb d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t mi\u1ec3ng bom th\u1eadt s\u1eafc ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 qua m\u1ed9t l\u00e1t l\u00e0 ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdc ra nh\u01b0 c\u0169. Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd\u2026(\u2026) L\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tia ch\u1edbp n\u1eefa l\u00f3e l\u00ean, t\u1edb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kinh ng\u1ea1c khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2m nhom, b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5p b\u01b0\u1edbc cao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1i \u00e2m thanh l\u1ed9c c\u1ed9c quen thu\u1ed9c k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u1edb ra \u0111\u1eddi vang l\u00ean\u2026(\u2026) – Anh H\u00e0o con, b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a con tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng!<\/em>\u201d (tr 178-179)<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh, M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u0103m ph\u1eabn khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft bao ch\u00e0ng trai tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 l\u00fd. Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1eeb kh\u00f4i, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f2n r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng theo suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c khi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh r\u1eadp khu\u00f4n, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 l\u00fd. \u201cC\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ph\u01a1i ch\u0103n, v\u00ec ph\u01a1i ch\u0103n xong kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i cho c\u00f3 g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh\u2026 c\u00f3 khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ch\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch.<\/em>\u201d Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea3 trung t\u00e2m d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u00ecnh Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o d\u00e1m ph\u01a1i ch\u0103n. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o anh c\u0169ng \u0111em ch\u0103n ra ph\u01a1i, v\u00ec theo anh \u201c\u00e1nh n\u1eafng c\u00f3 tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi khu\u1ea9n, si\u00eang n\u0103ng ph\u01a1i ch\u0103n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, kh\u00f4ng ph\u01a1i ch\u0103n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe hao m\u00f2n.<\/em>\u201d Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, t\u00e0i tr\u00ed, th\u00f4ng minh nh\u01b0 anh l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e3ng nh\u00e1ch: \u201c\u2026 khi n\u1eb1m ch\u1edd gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat xung phong, c\u00e1i m\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng La Nhi H\u1ed5 v\u1ed7ng cao l\u00ean qu\u00e1, c\u1eb7p m\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu ta nh\u00f4 l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch, l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho n\u00f2ng ph\u00e1o cao x\u1ea1, v\u1eady l\u00e0 La Nhi H\u1ed5 b\u1ecb toi m\u1ea1ng, k\u00e9o theo c\u1ea3 Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o m\u1edbi v\u1eeba ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp b\u1eafn vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft oan u\u1ed5ng<\/em>.\u201d \u0110\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Tri\u1ec7u Kim \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean: \u201cAnh H\u00e0o, c\u1eadu \u0111\u00e1ng ra ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i anh h\u00f9ng, ti\u1ebfc thay v\u1eadn c\u1eadu l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ra g\u00ec<\/em>\u201d (tr 35).<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ray r\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh trong chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t – Trung 1979, l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u201ct\u1ebf nh\u1ecb\u201d m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o th\u1ea5y tin \u201cm\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a,<\/em>\u201d h\u1ed3n ma Hoa Trung Quang kh\u00f3c than trong n\u1ea5m m\u1ed3. \u201cTi\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan, nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u0169ng b\u1eadt l\u00ean kh\u00f3c n\u1ee9c n\u1edf\u201d <\/em>(tr 171), th\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n h\u1ed3n ma c\u1ea3 ngh\u0129a trang bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi vang r\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c u\u1ea5t ngh\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n tr\u1ebb, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2n binh, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft th\u1eadt oan u\u1ed5ng. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfa l\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00f4 l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa th\u01b0\u1eddng xoa d\u1ecbu b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p vinh danh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u v\u00f4 h\u1ed3n: \u201cCh\u00fang ta hy sinh l\u00e0 vinh quang, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 vinh quang, l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u0169ng vinh quang, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 vinh quang<\/em>\u201d (tr 171). N\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u201c\u0111om \u0111\u00f3m l\u1eadp l\u00f2e tr\u00ean t\u1eebng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed9.<\/em>\u201d S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u01b0 danh, theo ph\u00e9p \u201cth\u1eafng l\u1ee3i tinh th\u1ea7n\u201d c\u1ee7a AQ.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean thu l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh<\/em><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf cu\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn. Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ph\u00e1 m\u00ecn, trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh, anh c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1 xong 5 qu\u1ea3 m\u00ecn \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m cao \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba th\u00ec hai \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i anh v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00ecn hy sinh, ri\u00eang anh b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u1eb3ng k\u00eau ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0o, anh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1 m\u00ecn m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y anh b\u00f2 l\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn d\u1ed1c cao r\u1ed3i l\u0103n l\u00f4ng l\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u00ecn n\u1ed5 vang r\u1ec1n, anh b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1m x\u00e1.<\/em> Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1eeba k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ghi c\u00f4ng, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o phong danh hi\u1ec7u \u201canh h\u00f9ng ph\u00e1 m\u00ecn,\u201d nh\u01b0ng anh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. Anh n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean c\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m qu\u1ea3 m\u00ecn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, th\u1ef1c ra t\u00f4i ph\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3, c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n qu\u1ea3 kia l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00f4i ph\u00e1, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. H\u00e3y ghi c\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec5m ph\u00fac l\u1eafm r\u1ed3i\u201d<\/em> (tr 193). D\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eb1ng ng\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ee9t c\u00e1i danh hi\u1ec7u anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m g\u1ecdn trong tay m\u00ecnh<\/em>\u2026\u201d Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sau th\u1eddi h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u201cnh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u\u201d anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n b\u00e1m su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. Lu\u1ed3n l\u00e1ch qua m\u1ecdi k\u1ebd h\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb, h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed5ng l\u1ed9c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi cha \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi con, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Qua chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 cho d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hay m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean thu l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh h\u00f4 h\u00e0o b\u1eafn gi\u1ebft, u\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ebd b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh bi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh tr\u00ean thao tr\u01b0\u1eddng, trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh, ng\u1ed1c ngh\u1ebfch, c\u1ea3 tin. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u1ea1n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c ch\u00e0ng t\u00e2n binh m\u00ea \u0111\u1eafm c\u00f4 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ng\u01b0u L\u1ec7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ct\u00f4 son tr\u00e9t ph\u1ea5n,\u201d \u00f4m b\u00f3 hoa nh\u1ef1a l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecf r\u1ef1c, c\u1eb7p nh\u0169 hoa \u201c\u0111\u1ed9n cao\u201d s\u0103n c\u1ee9ng, c\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9; nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t sau h\u1eadu tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n n\u00f3i chanh chua, v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c, c\u00e1i m\u0169i to, mi\u1ec7ng r\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u1ea3o trong c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n k\u00e9m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i, d\u1ec5 ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh. Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o, c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft th\u1ea3 con chim nh\u1ea1n m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn v\u1eeba b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00ednh l\u00e0m th\u1ecbt ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a con linh v\u1eadt <\/em>bi\u1ebft kh\u00f3c nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc sau n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c vi\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 mua con ng\u1ef1a \u1edf \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng m\u00ecnh, \u0111em v\u1ec1 nu\u00f4i. B\u00ean trong h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thanh ni\u00ean th\u00edch \u0111\u00f9a ngh\u1ecbch, trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1n t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e8m y\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u201cBu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i, t\u1edb d\u1eabn ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111i tu\u1ea7n tra, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0m sao t\u1edb l\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, b\u1ecb b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea5y, t\u1edb tr\u1ea5n t\u0129nh tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1eadt d\u1eady, ba ch\u00e2n b\u1ed1n tay t\u1ea3 xung h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd. T\u1edb ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd \u0111u\u1ed5i theo sau, v\u1eeba \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1eeba g\u1ecdi: N\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh nhau n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t t\u00ed th\u00f4i m\u00e0!<\/em>\u201d Trong l\u00fac cu\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea1y n\u1ea5p v\u00e0o khu ch\u1ee3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi th\u00ec th\u1ea5y: \u201cNh\u1eefng c\u00f4 g\u00e1i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e0ng trai b\u00ean ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng hai b\u00ean m\u1ed9t con ph\u1ed1 tr\u00eau \u0111\u00f9a nhau.<\/em>\u201d V\u00e0 n\u00eau l\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ecf r\u00e0ng \u201c\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy \u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd sang, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sang b\u00ean \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n<\/em>\u201d (tr 176).<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0m say m\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung \u201cnh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m\u201d c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u1ecf. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p, xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, m\u1ed7i chi ti\u1ebft M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ednh gi\u1ec5u nh\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch, kh\u00f4ng gian mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u01b0 h\u01b0, th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung truy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u00f4i, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p gi\u1ec5u nh\u1ea1i<\/em> \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch. Nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o r\u1edbt m\u1ed3ng t\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t xu d\u00ednh t\u00fai \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tri\u1ec7u Kim, Qu\u00e1ch Kim Kh\u1ed1. <\/em>M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1eeb kh\u00f4i Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o<\/em> ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed ph\u00e1ch anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft ngay khi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi ra tr\u1eadn (\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m anh h\u00f9ng). M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh nh\u00e1t gan nh\u01b0 th\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebf, ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed1i nh\u0169n, tay run nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean La Nh\u1ecb H\u1ed5<\/em>. M\u1ed9t h\u1ed3n ma m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng, y\u1ebfu m\u1ec1m hay kh\u00f3c l\u1ea1i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Hoa Trung Quang<\/em> (\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i Trung Hoa b\u1eebng s\u00e1ng)\u2026 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y bi h\u00e0i khi li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o, ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh d\u00f2ng \u201cn\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u<\/em>\u201d c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec7u Kim t\u1eeb c\u00e0nh li\u1ec5u ph\u00f3ng xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u1eafn l\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 cao tay ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n: \u201cNh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang nung n\u1ea5u trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c bung ra ngo\u00e0i, gi\u1eefa t\u00f4i v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0u s\u1eafc\u2026 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 \u0111ang t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong huy\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n, trong th\u1ecbt da t\u00f4i bao n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft h\u1ebft ra ngo\u00e0i. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c khoan kho\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2026 su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft \u1ea5y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng linh m\u1eabn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4i, chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ecf cam v\u00e0ng xanh lam ch\u00e0m t\u00edm giao thoa, nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 trong chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y\u2026(\u2026) Khi chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u cam, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1c du d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3n h\u1eadu t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng vang l\u00ean, nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3i bay l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0 trong kh\u00f4ng gian\u2026 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e0ng nhanh, chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb cam sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng\u2026 t\u1eeb m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u xanh, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u00e1t m\u1ebb l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng\u2026 Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u ch\u00e0m cao qu\u00fd hi\u1ec7n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4i khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra t\u1eeb trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m c\u1ea3m k\u00edch v\u00e0 l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y<\/em>.\u201d \u0110\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i khi \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. \u201cT\u00f4i nghe ti\u1ebfng Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o \u0111ang ph\u00e1t m\u1ec7nh l\u00eanh: – C\u00e0i c\u00fac qu\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i! \u2013 Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng! T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Ti\u1ec1n Anh H\u00e0o, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t nhau h\u1ed3i l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb9n m\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1 l\u00ean, c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u1ea3y ra r\u00e0n r\u1ee5a m\u1edbi th\u00f4i\u201d <\/em>(tr 63-65). H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng \u2013 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u,<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do, v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ef3 \u1ea3o, \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, m\u00e0 M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u00ean b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea khi l\u1eb7ng l\u1edd ch\u1ea3y, khi cu\u1ed3n cu\u1ed9n xo\u00e1y. D\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng<\/em> bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian, c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00e2y li\u1ec5u<\/em> b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1<\/em> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00e0ng trai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n ch\u1ebft. \u201cKh\u00f4ng h\u1eb9n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng l\u00fac tu\u1ed9t xu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y. Trong c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 r\u1eadm r\u1ecbt, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee5t nh\u1edd nh\u1edd, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm t\u00ean c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Ti\u1ec1n Anh h\u00e0o, L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u00e1ch Kim Kh\u1ed1, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Tri\u1ec7u Kim, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ng\u1ee5y \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 Chi \u1ee7y th\u00f4n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0 Qu\u1ed1c\u2026Nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng huy ho\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a c\u0169 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u01a1m m\u1ea7m t\u1eeb trong v\u00f2ng tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, t\u1eeb trong nh\u1eefng th\u1edb c\u00e2y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i vu\u1ed1t ve nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft h\u1eb1n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y r\u00eau xanh tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u00e2y, than th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ngu\u00f4i<\/em>\u201d (tr 162).<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ed3n ma c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft \u201cma\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e2m h\u1ed3n, r\u1ee3n t\u00f3c g\u00e1y. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong khi mi\u00eau t\u1ea3, c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ma \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nhau. Nh\u1eb1m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean chan h\u00f2a. T\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cChi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu tr\u00f9ng ph\u00f9ng<\/em>\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng, khi Tr\u1ea7n Trung H\u1ef7 d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u201cMa chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em>\u201d n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat g\u00ec r\u00f9ng r\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3n ma b\u00f3ng qu\u1ebf. V\u00e0 khi NXB V\u0103n H\u1ecdc cho in l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf trang b\u00eca b\u1ed1n: \u201cM\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ca t\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng,\u201d<\/em> theo t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1a l\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7u, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc, l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ca t\u1ee5ng, x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng ai, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a anh h\u00f9ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3, m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n chung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean gi\u00fap c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c hi\u1ec3u nhau h\u01a1n tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n v\u0103n cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u0103m 1979 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i xa, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh nh\u01b0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 anh minh, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian l\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 \u2013 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em> \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 qua v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n nu\u00f4i m\u1ed9ng b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1979 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay sau 30 n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t xa. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n nay (5), vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em> l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c! (6)<\/p>\n

04.7.2009<\/p>\n

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T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n http:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/M%E1%BA%A1c_Ng%C3%B4n<\/a><\/p>\n

(2) Tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 \u201cMa chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em>\u201d, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean blog Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u00f4n gi\u00f3<\/a> v\u00e0 blog Hoang Linh<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0 ng\u1ecf c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Tu\u1ea5n Khanh v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ma Chi\u1ebfn H\u1eefu<\/em> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n (http:\/\/radiochantroimoi.com\/spip.php?article5268<\/a>);<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o Ninh (http:\/\/phongdiep.net\/default.asp?action=article&ID=7344<\/a>);<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Ti\u1ebfn (http:\/\/www.vietstudies.info\/VNTien\/VNTien_DauLaHonCotMaChienHuu.htm<\/a>),<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Kim (http:\/\/www.ddcnd.org\/main\/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&catid=13:phat-bieu-binh-luan&id=603:ngh-gi-v-vic-tac-phm-ma-chin-hu-ca-trung-quc-c-dch-va-lu-hanh–vit-nam)<\/p>\n

(3) L\u1ecbch s\u1eed chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 Trung 1979, tham kh\u1ea3o tr\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n http:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n

(4) M\u1ea1c Ng\u00f4n, Ma chi\u1ebfn h\u1eefu<\/em>, nxb V\u0103n h\u1ecdc, 2008.<\/p>\n

(5) T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/p>\n

– L\u00ea Minh Phi\u1ebfu, D\u01b0\u01a1ng Danh Huy (Qu\u1ef9 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng), Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng,<\/em> Tu\u1ea7nVi\u1ec7tnam.net, ng\u00e0y 11.1.2009; (http:\/\/www.tuanvietnam.net\/vn\/tulieusuyngam\/5831\/index.aspx<\/a>)<\/p>\n

– D\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, C\u1ea7n \u201cc\u1eadp nh\u1eadt\u201d t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng cho qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i<\/em>, BBC ng\u00e0y 28.5.2009;<\/p>\n

(http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/vietnamese\/vietnam\/2009\/05\/090528_dtq_southchinasea.shtml<\/a>)<\/p>\n

– Ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n<\/em>, b\u00e1o S\u00e0i g\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb<\/em>, ng\u00e0y 5.6.2009 (http:\/\/www.sgtt.com.vn\/detail23.aspx?newsid=52467&fld=HTMG\/2009\/0604\/52467<\/a>)<\/p>\n

– 2 t\u00e0u c\u00f9ng 12 ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3o L\u00fd S\u01a1n b\u1ecb gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0ng Sa: B\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n ph\u1ea1t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa bi\u1ec3n<\/em>. B\u00e1o Ti\u1ec1n Phong<\/em> ng\u00e0y 26.6.2009 (http:\/\/tienphong.vn\/Tianyon\/Index.aspx?ArticleID=164570&ChannelID=2<\/a>)<\/p>\n

(6) L\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb<\/i>, BBC 1.7.2009<\/p>\n

(http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/vietnamese\/forum\/2009\/07\/090701_letters_china_vietnam.shtml)<\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam – m\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1eedi \u0111\u00e0i BBC, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \u201cBi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch \u2013 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u2013 l\u00e0 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra<\/i>\u201d, \u201c\u2026Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ec1m xung \u0111\u1ed9t, ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi ai s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/i>?\u201d v\u00e0 h\u1ecd m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc: \u201cH\u00f2a b\u00ecnh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn duy nh\u1ea5t<\/i>\u201d.<\/p>\n

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.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110i\u1ec1u ray r\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh trong chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t-Trung 1979, l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u201ct\u1ebf nh\u1ecb\u201d m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o th\u1ea5y tin \u201cm\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a,\u201d h\u1ed3n ma Hoa Trung Quang kh\u00f3c than trong n\u1ea5m m\u1ed3. \u201cTi\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u00e2y lan, nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u0169ng b\u1eadt l\u00ean kh\u00f3c n\u1ee9c n\u1edf\u201d …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":371,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,50,8,138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-gioi-thieu-tac-pham","category-phe-binh","category-tieu-luan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/371"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7230"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52512,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7230\/revisions\/52512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}