{"id":5157,"date":"2009-04-06T00:02:00","date_gmt":"2009-04-06T00:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/archives\/5157"},"modified":"2022-02-23T09:55:08","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T09:55:08","slug":"nguoi-thuong-doi-bo-tren-dat-viet-tren-dat-my","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/5157\/nguoi-thuong-doi-bo-tren-dat-viet-tren-dat-my","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110ôi B\u1edd: Trên \u0110\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t, Trên \u0110\u1ea5t M\u1ef9"},"content":{"rendered":"

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NG\u01af\u1edcI TH\u01af\u1ee2NG \u1ede VI\u1ec6T NAM<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung cho kho\u1ea3ng 29 s\u1eafc d\u00e2n b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c sinh s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng Cao nguy\u00ean Trung ph\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, m\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 y ph\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng du canh v\u00e0 s\u0103n b\u1eafn. H\u1ecd quen s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 s\u00e0n, nu\u00f4i th\u00eam c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gia s\u00fac: tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 heo g\u00e0. Ng\u00e0y nay t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt bu\u00f4n b\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c sinh ho\u1ea1t b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n, r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat du kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xa x\u00f4i c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng thanh b\u00ecnh \u1ea5y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb k\u1ebft th\u00fac k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9 Hai.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Ph\u00e1p ch\u00edn n\u0103m, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u1ea5y k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Gen\u00e8ve chia \u0111\u00f4i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng Cao nguy\u00ean Trung ph\u1ea7n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1.5 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng d\u1eaby Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n. \u00dd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n Cao nguy\u00ean, ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 tung ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 g\u00ec t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc th\u00e1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd. Quy ch\u1ebf Ho\u00e0ng Tri\u1ec1u C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ed5 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf (t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3\/1955). C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. V\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Dinh \u0111i\u1ec1n, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o di c\u01b0 t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. C\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, nh\u01b0 ra l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c t\u00f2a \u00e1n phong t\u1ee5c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m c\u00e1c th\u1ed5 ng\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u2013 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng v\u00f2ng tay r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c g\u1eafn b\u00f3 n\u1ea3y n\u1edf t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda. C\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n M\u1ef9 c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c tin t\u1ee9c t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, [d\u00f9 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n hay kh\u00f4ng], h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m n\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t mai khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n k\u1eb9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c tranh ch\u1ea5p. Kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1972, gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 200 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c giao tranh, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 80 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m bu\u00f4n \u1ea5p c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng suy tho\u00e1i. Sau bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t Ban M\u00ea Thu\u1ed9t, b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sai l\u1ea7m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u khi b\u1ecf Cao nguy\u00ean, v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u, k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n m\u1edbi, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng do b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 t\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c bu\u00f4n b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean bi \u0111\u00e1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed, t\u00ecm t\u1ef1 do trong r\u1eebng s\u00e2u, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y sang L\u00e0o r\u1ed3i Cam B\u1ed1t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho d\u00f9 ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e1i Lan. Qua bao nhi\u00eau v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o 213 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang North Carolina, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh M\u0169 Xanh M\u1ef9 ch\u1edd \u0111\u00f3n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

V\u1eabn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t di d\u00e2n l\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean, cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2000, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh T\u00e2y nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt l\u00ean t\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 4 tri\u1ec7u, m\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kinh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ng\u00f3t 30 s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c bao g\u1ed3m 6 b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c l\u1edbn ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0: Jarai (320 ng\u00e0n), Rhad\u00e9 (258 ng\u00e0n), Bahnar (181 ng\u00e0n), Koho (122 ng\u00e0n), Mnong (89 ng\u00e0n) v\u00e0 Stieng (66 ng\u00e0n). V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c di d\u00e2n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kinh [do ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t], ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian sinh t\u1ed3n, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfp sinh ho\u1ea1t du canh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn sinh s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u1ecf, l\u00e0m thu\u00ea tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00e0 hay c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kinh; h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ngay tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 \u0111a th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u00fang nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt linh, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nghi th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1ebft tr\u00e2u hay s\u00fac v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ebf l\u1ec5. N\u1ebfp sinh ho\u1ea1t \u1ea5y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt bu\u00f4n b\u1ea3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng do c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng [Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 M\u1ef9] ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tin l\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u00edt h\u01a1n theo \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa [c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 150 ng\u00e0n theo \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa].<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Cao nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay, \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 300 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tinh l\u00e0nh _ hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tin Lanh Dega. T\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1990, theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Human Rights Watch, Tin Lanh Dega tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9c tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. \u0110\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1 tinh vi. Trong nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 rao gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. [Dega c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Rhad\u00e9: Anak Ede Gar c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng \u0110\u1ee9a Con c\u1ee7a N\u00fai R\u1eebng_ m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00ednh-tr\u1ecb-h\u00f3a \/ politicized \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chung cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1eafc d\u00e2n thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean. [Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb Montagnard v\u00ec cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 tr\u00ean Cao nguy\u00ean trong th\u1eddi Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 Yard, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb r\u00fat ng\u1eafn t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Montagnard. ]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NG\u01af\u1edcI TH\u01af\u1ee2NG \u1ede M\u1ef8<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1975, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i di t\u1ea3n kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho d\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh M\u0169 Xanh M\u1ef9 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1986, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 30 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. T\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1987, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i Lan t\u1edbi M\u1ef9. H\u1ecd kho\u1ea3ng 200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u bang North Carolina.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1992, th\u00eam m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m kho\u1ea3ng 402 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb T\u00e2y nguy\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean sang c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Mondolkiri v\u00e0 Ratanakiri b\u00ean Cam B\u1ed1t. Gi\u1eefa hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n cho \u0111i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai: h\u1ecd g\u1ed3m 269 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, 24 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 80 tr\u1ebb em.<\/p>\n

Cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2000, con s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gia t\u0103ng. H\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o M\u1ef9, ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i theo c\u00e1c di\u1ec7n \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5 ODP [Orderly Departure Program], ho\u1eb7c theo di\u1ec7n con lai [th\u01b0\u1eddng cha l\u00e0 l\u00ednh M\u1ef9, m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y], h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i North Carolina.<\/p>\n

Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2000, ri\u00eang t\u1ea1i bang North Carolina \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 3000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng 2000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Greensboro, 700 \u1edf v\u00f9ng Charlotte, 400 \u1edf Raleigh. (1)<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng Hai n\u0103m 2001, t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfng vang trong gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n: nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Cao nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n high-tech \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean trong c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u trong cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p b\u1eb1ng cellular phone, email v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin nhanh ch\u00f3ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi Internet (2). Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eb3ng tay tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u00f3t 1 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y sang Cam B\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam truy l\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00e1ch tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ph\u1ee7 Cao \u1ee6y T\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c [UNHCR] \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i can thi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002, th\u00eam s\u1ed1 900 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i North Carolina. T\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m chia x\u1ebb \u1ea5m \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Nam California \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee3t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi t\u1edbi n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp h\u1ecd \u1edf phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n kim t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1edbi M\u1ef9 s\u1edbm tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 chung l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh v\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Cho d\u00f9 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng r\u1eebng n\u00fai Cao nguy\u00ean Trung ph\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c g\u00e1c t\u1eeb hai nh\u00f3m Mon-Khmer v\u00e0 Malayo-Polynesian. \u0110\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c Rhad\u00e9.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n n\u00ean nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e2y nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hmong \u1edf L\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda t\u00e2y d\u00e3y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o M\u1ef9, \u0111a s\u1ed1 theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tin l\u00e0nh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ea7n d\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf sinh ho\u1ea1t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u0103m [s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay b\u00ean Cam B\u1ed1t] khi ch\u1ecdn theo \u0111\u1ea1o H\u1ed3i, cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi ch\u1ecdn theo \u0111\u1ea1o Tin l\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c \u0111ang b\u1ecb ti\u00eau vong v\u00e0 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi c\u00f2n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, gi\u1eef n\u00e9t m\u1eabu h\u1ec7, con c\u00e1i mang h\u1ecd m\u1eb9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n xuy\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed3ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng di c\u01b0 v\u00e0o M\u1ef9 th\u00ec n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i: d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng nhau chia x\u1ebb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u201ctrai th\u1eeba g\u00e1i thi\u1ebfu\u201d, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef thu\u1ed9c ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u00e0o, Cam B\u1ed1t, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0110en hay M\u1ef9 Tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1edbi M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp, do tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1ea1i th\u00eam s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 phong t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 \u1edf M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 say r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e1i xe, ch\u1ea1y xe kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, c\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda v\u1ec7 sinh thi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh ph\u01a1i th\u1ecbt c\u00e1 kh\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, \u0111em b\u00e0y h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c c\u1ea3 ra ngo\u00e0i s\u00e2n…<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tay ch\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng x\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u1ea3 v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111i l\u00e0m, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m hai jobs v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1m con c\u00e1i \u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ebb thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf th\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi mau ch\u00f3ng v\u1edbi n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 qu\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb trang ph\u1ee5c cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0103n u\u1ed1ng fast food, n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c l\u1ed1i, s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o C\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ed3ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4i B\u1edd tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

NG\u00d4 TH\u1ebe VINH<\/p>\n

12\/2003<\/i><\/p>\n

THAM KH\u1ea2O.
(1) Montagnards: Their History and Culture_ CulturalOrientation.net
(2) Repression of Montagnards: Conflicts over Land and Religion in Vietnam\u2019s Central Highlands_ Human Rights Watch, April 2002.
(3) Window on a War: An Anthropologist in the Vietnam Conflict_ Gerald C. Hickey, Texas Tech Univ. Press 2002
(4) The Ethnography of Vietnam\u2019s Central Highlanders_ Oscar Salemink, Univ. of Hawaii Press 2003.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung cho kho\u1ea3ng 29 s\u1eafc d\u00e2n b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c sinh s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng Cao nguy\u00ean Trung ph\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, m\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 y ph\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng du canh v\u00e0 s\u0103n b\u1eafn. H\u1ecd quen s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 s\u00e0n, nu\u00f4i th\u00eam c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gia s\u00fac: tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 heo g\u00e0. Ng\u00e0y nay t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt bu\u00f4n b\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c sinh ho\u1ea1t b\u1ed9 l\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n, r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat du kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1233,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,152,25,183],"tags":[314],"class_list":["post-5157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-hoc-thuat","category-nhan-dinh","category-nhan-van","tag-ngo-the-vinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1233"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5157"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71540,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5157\/revisions\/71540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}