![\"image\"](\"https:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image_thumb.png\" "\\"image\\"")
<\/a><\/p>\nTH\u01a0 TR\u00c2N SA<\/i><\/b> , T\u1eadp H\u1ee3p xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, \u00dac Ch\u00e2u, th\u00e1ng 1, 1989<\/i><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Tin vui \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1t khao mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00e1i M\u1edbi trong th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t. Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u1ea7m t\u1eadp th\u01a1 Tr\u00e2n Sa tr\u00ean tay t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111ang m\u01a1 – gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch y\u00eau th\u01a1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec n\u1eefa m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u1eeba xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o kh\u00e1c xa c\u00e1c \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u r\u1eadp khu\u00f4n \u0111ang m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng nhau tr\u00ean m\u1ea5y trang gi\u1ea5y thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u. \u0110\u1ecdc Tr\u00e2n Sa khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i nh\u1edb th\u01a1 Nh\u00e3 Ca tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 do ch\u1ea5t tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh n\u1ed3ng th\u1eafm c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i thao th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u01a1 c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111i xa h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t quen thu\u1ed9c.
Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ngay l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef hay thi t\u1eeb trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac thi s\u0129 ph\u1ee5 h\u1ecda h\u01a1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e3i v\u00e0i m\u1ea9u tri\u1ebft l\u00fd b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i Jesus n\u00f3i, Sakya Muni n\u00f3i…(tr.33) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u00f3i quen thi\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7u thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i \u0110i V\u1ec1 V\u1edbi T\u00f4i (t.47). V\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea7n thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng hay gi\u1ea3ng l\u00fd m\u00f4 ph\u1ea1m nh\u01b0 trong b\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng Th\u00e9t (t.38), V\u1eeba \u0110i V\u1eeba \u0102n V\u1eeba H\u00e1t V\u1eeba C\u01b0\u1eddi (t.40). Thi ca tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i, c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta quen g\u1eb7p t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean trang b\u00e1o, trong c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn, di\u1ec5n v\u0103n hay \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f4i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y tuy v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m k\u00e9m \u0111i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eadp th\u01a1 b\u1edfi l\u1ebd \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e2n k\u1ef3 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 M\u1eafc X\u00edch, C\u1ecf, v\u00e0 Ong (t.9); Kho\u1ea3ng Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Gi\u00f3 (t.16); Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 X\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Gide (tr.2). Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp th\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o v\u00ec n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft, c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 phong th\u00e1i t\u01b0 duy b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng, th\u00f4ng minh cao \u0111\u1ed9 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i tham d\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00f3c tim v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00f4 v\u00e0n li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01a1 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t. Ngay c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 so v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trong th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.
*<\/p>\n
Th\u01a1 Tr\u00e2n Sa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 15 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb b\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1973 cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y b\u00e0i sau c\u00f9ng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c cu\u1ed1i 1988. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u01a1 Tr\u00e2n Sa, ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c cung b\u1eadc t\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 suy t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e3o t\u00e1p v\u1edbi cu\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua. Noi theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u0103m th\u00e1ng khi \u0111\u1ecdc 80 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 trong t\u1eadp, ch\u00fang ta vui m\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f2i b\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi khi\u1ebfn ta li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ecd t\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia. So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u tay v\u1edbi ch\u00f9m th\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1988, ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra s\u1ef1 ch\u00edn r\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111ang h\u0103ng say khai ph\u00e1 c\u00f5i th\u01a1 ri\u00eang. Gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u01a1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u0110\u1ecdc hai b\u00e0i th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u00e0i n\u00e0o vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00e0i n\u00e0o vi\u1ebft sau c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n tay ngh\u1ec1. \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ea5y b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Xin Tha (tr. 50); T\u1eeb Gi\u00e3 (tr. 3); Hiu H\u1eaft (tr.69) hay Ho\u00e0i H\u01b0\u01a1ng (tr. 54) b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 B\u1ea5t Tuy\u1ec7t (tr. 104), G\u1eb7p L\u1ea1i (tr.76), R\u01b0\u1ee3t B\u1eaft Gi\u1eefa M\u01a1 H\u1ed3 (tr. 72), ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u0103m ch\u00fa s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, th\u0103ng hoa m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t kh\u1ed5 \u0111au th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft l\u00fd thanh cao ; m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129. C\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ch\u1eef t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c v\u00ec trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf sinh ho\u1ea1t thi ca h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1edbi cung b\u1eadc quen thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c nh\u00e0m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3.
Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eadp th\u01a1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn. D\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong thi t\u1eadp v\u00e0o hai m\u1ee5c th\u01a1 t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea1o (\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i), ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 th\u01a1 th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 l\u01b0u vong quanh qu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i ni\u1ec1m qu\u00e1 v\u00e3ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00ea m\u1ea3i truy t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 hay t\u00e2m linh, th\u01a1 Tr\u00e2n Sa l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau g\u00e0o th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n b\u1ecb ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p hay ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u00f9 h\u1eadn, th\u00fa t\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1edb di\u1ec5n v\u0103n v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng tim \u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi k\u1ecbch ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, th\u01a1 ca xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o ta ra kh\u1ecfi l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, m\u00e0n \u1ea3nh tivi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng t\u00edt l\u1edbn, b\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Ti\u1ebfng G\u00e0o (tr. 20) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c: <\/p>\n
T\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0o t\u00f4i \u0111ang nghe
\u00d4i ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c gi\u00e3y gi\u1ee5a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c
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Em \u0111ang ch\u1ebft em \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn G\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111ang hi\u1ebfp em \u0111ang gi\u1ebft em
(…)
Em tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i
(…)
Sao l\u1ea5y \u0111i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a em <\/p>\n<\/em>S\u1ef1 th\u00f9 t\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng v\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7u, th\u00f3i trang \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y v\u00f4 v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a hoa m\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai, c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t! C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat l\u00e0m th\u01a1 h\u00e3y coi ch\u1eebng! Czeslaw Milosz trong The Witness of Poetry t\u1eebng n\u00f3i, \u00abC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho thi ca m\u00e0 thi ca s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1." Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi ca m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng ai c\u1ea7m b\u00fat! M\u1ed9t thi h\u00e0o l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c, Octavio Paz, c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, "\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u01a1 t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng chung gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi." Tr\u00e2n Sa \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u00e2u trong chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5y, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n b\u00e0i Ethiopias (tr.10):
Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n tay ch\u00eca ra x\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ea9u
Ethiopia
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Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t
Nh\u1eefng m\u1eb9 cha h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i v\u1eabn l\u00e0m t\u00ecnh
Ethiopia.
V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Ethiopia-s<\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\n\u1ede m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn b\u00e0y r\u01b0\u1ee3u th\u1ecbt
\u1ede m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u1eabn r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 ch\u1edf t\u1edbi<\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\nEthiopia.
V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Ethiopia-s.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\nRu\u1ed3i nh\u1eb7ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng da…
\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec ?
H\u1ee1i Ethiopia…<\/em><\/p>\nKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00edch ti\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Thi nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9ng m\u01a1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i Tuy\u1ec7t M\u1ef9, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f5i C\u1ef1c L\u1ea1c ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5 tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u00ean si\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u00f2i b\u00fat say m\u00ea v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn ki\u1ec3ng bonsai \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee9 v\u1edbi v\u1ea7n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft, th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1edf thi s\u0129 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat tinh th\u1ea7n li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c tai h\u1ecda l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang gi\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, "kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng \u0111ang kh\u00f3c g\u1ecdi h\u1ed3n ai\u2026\u201d( John Donne )!
D\u00f9 Th\u01a1 Tr\u00e2n Sa kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i bi quan, ch\u00e1n ch\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb "mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea5n tu\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea1p bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi " (N\u00e0ng. K\u1ebb Qu\u00ean, tr.80), l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p N\u00e0ng qu\u00ean. Trong b\u00e0i m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh? B\u00e0i th\u01a1 mang t\u00ean tr\u00e0o l\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eafng cay l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 X\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Gide (tr. 2), ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb v\u00f9i ch\u00f4n v\u00e0o v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c n\u00fai x\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7c danh kh\u00e1c:
T\u1ef1 Do. T\u1ef1 Do. T\u1ef1 Do.
L\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n – Lo\u1ea1i – H\u00f4m – Nay
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9
B\u1edfi l\u00f2ng \u00edch k\u1ef7.<\/em> <\/p>\nTr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eafng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n thua th\u00fa v\u1eadt trong sa m\u1ea1c. B\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd nh\u00e2n v\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i – c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0, thay cho c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u00edch k\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 giam c\u1ea7m t\u1eebng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 trong r\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3, bi\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh R\u1eebng Lo\u00e0i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi (tr. 18) \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c, v\u00f4 lu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u1edf c\u00e1i M\u1eb7t N\u1ea1 Gi\u1ea3 D\u1ed1i (tr. 22). Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kinh t\u1ebf – ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn s\u00e2u xa nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi tri\u1ebft gia v\u1eabn m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tha h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c vong th\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng hay bi\u1ebft.
H\u00e3y l\u1eafng nghe Tr\u00e2n Sa n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201cthi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i" b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh "\u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec7n nghi": <\/p>\n
Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn tr\u1ea7n gian th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c
V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng
V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng ni\u1ec1m an vui
T\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecda ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh
B\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/em>
(T\u1ed9i L\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a Ch\u00fang Ta, tr. 94)
N\u1ebfu \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i th\u00ec \u00edch k\u1ef7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c gu\u1ed3ng m\u00e1y v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp s\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang sinh s\u1ea3n ra \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c. B\u1eb1ng "kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n s\u1ea5m ch\u1edbp c\u1ee7a N\u00e0ng" nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec5u ng\u1ed9 bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng "\u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4": <\/p>\n C\u00f3 k\u1ebb \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng
th\u00e8m ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c
v\u00ec \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft l\u1ea1nh ng\u1eaft
l\u00e2y c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1eafn nh\u01b0 c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t d\u1eef d\u1ed9i<\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\nC\u01a1n s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t l\u00e0m h\u1eafn s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i
v\u00ec h\u1eafn bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1
ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft
m\u1edf l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh ng\u1eaft<\/em>
( Hay R\u00f3t T\u00ecnh V\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4i M\u1eaft Sa M\u1ea1c Kh\u00f4, tr.96)
Nh\u1ecbp s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecbt tay b\u1ecbt m\u1eaft ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta. C\u00f2n ai thao th\u1ee9c l\u1eafng nghe nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng th\u00e9t g\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 th\u01a1? C\u00f2n ai ho\u1ea3ng kinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1n \u0111i\u00ean lo\u1ea1n c\u01a1 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y?
C\u00e1i m\u00e1y l\u00e0m ho\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9
Ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u00ean<\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\n… ti\u1ebfng ru c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn
… n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m r\u00e3 r\u01b0\u1ee3i, \u00e2m th\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng s\u1eaft v\u1ee5n.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\nCon ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ho\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9
t\u1eeb l\u00fac l\u1edbn l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft … <\/em><\/p>\n <\/em> <\/p>\nCon ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u00ean
R\u1eddi x\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0
H\u1eafn kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c trong chi\u1ebfc gi\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea1nh qu\u1ebd …
R\u1ed3i ng\u1ee7<\/em>
(\u00c2m Th\u1ea7m \u0110i\u00ean, tr.11 )<\/p>\n\u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \u0111i\u00ean nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta trong gu\u1ed3ng m\u00e1y; v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c v\u1edbi gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 c\u00f4 qu\u1ea1nh!
N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7t Tr\u00e2n Sa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 n\u1eef d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 Adrienne Rich , Denise Levertov…, m\u1ee9c nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m cao \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 v\u1eeba tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 "\u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt" c\u1ee7a Sylvia Plath hay Anne H\u00e9bert. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9ng cho t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u01a1, nh\u1ea1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 th\u00e8m danh l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1 d\u00f4ng d\u00e0i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp kh\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u1ef9 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Th\u01a1 Tr\u00e2n Sa, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p thi t\u1eadp n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung: c\u00e1i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111ang mong \u0111\u1ee3i nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 v\u00ec sao xa trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1i s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9. M\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef kh\u00e1 tr\u1ec5 tr\u00e0ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb y\u00eau th\u01a1 nh\u01b0ng m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh l\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh; ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f2n m\u00e3i rong ch\u01a1i. <\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
CH\u00c2N PH\u01af\u01a0NG
Paris, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1990
(Nhu\u1eadn s\u1eafc th\u00e1ng 8\/2018)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp th\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o v\u00ec n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft, c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o m\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft l\u00e0 phong th\u00e1i t\u01b0 duy b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng, th\u00f4ng minh cao \u0111\u1ed9 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i tham d\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00f3c tim v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00f4 v\u00e0n li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01a1 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":381,"featured_media":50667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,50,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50668","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-gioi-thieu-tac-pham","category-phe-binh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50668","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/381"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50668"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50668\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50669,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50668\/revisions\/50669"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"image\"](\"https:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/image.png\" "\\"image\\"")
<\/a><\/p>\n