{"id":39521,"date":"2015-10-23T00:08:00","date_gmt":"2015-10-23T00:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/?p=39521"},"modified":"2019-02-28T03:58:12","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T03:58:12","slug":"cau-chuyen-nghe-thuat-ky-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/39521\/cau-chuyen-nghe-thuat-ky-3","title":{"rendered":"C&acirc;u Chuy\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ec7 Thu\u1eadt (K\u1ef3 3)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><b>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n,&#8230; c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi tr\u1ecdng \u1edf h\u1ed9i ho\u1ea1 hi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i? V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 s\u0129 hi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n?      <br \/><\/b>    <br \/><b>Tr\u1ecbnh Cung<\/b>: Tu\u1ef3 theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i m\u00e0 ho\u1ea1 s\u0129 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i theo \u0111u\u1ed5i, nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch v\u1ebd c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd \u00e1p dung. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u1edf tranh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c,T\u00e2n Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c, Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c XHCN, Si\u00eau Th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 C\u1ef1c Th\u1ef1c ( <i>hyper realism<\/i>), th\u00ec v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 70% l\u00e0 k\u1ef7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u1ea4n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 50% v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Bi\u1ec3u Hi\u1ec7n, D\u00e3 Th\u00fa c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20%. Tuy hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 k\u1ef7 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u, lu\u1eadt m\u1ea7u s\u0103c, lu\u1eadt b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 s\u0129 \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 m\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1eabn cho th\u1ea5y v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Bouguereau-BirthOfVenus.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Bouguereau-BirthOfVenus\" style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; float: none; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding-right: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Bouguereau-BirthOfVenus\" src=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Bouguereau-BirthOfVenus_thumb.jpg\" width=\"304\" height=\"435\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c: William Bouguereau, <em>The Birth of Venus<\/em> (1879)<\/p>\n<p>&#160; <\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u00f9a gi\u1ee1n v\u1edbi m\u00e0u v\u1ebd, v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 v\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ( medium),&#160; v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u mang nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t&#160; nh\u01b0 <em>acide<\/em>&#160; s\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ed3ng,<em> titan<\/em>, b\u1ea1c, <em>cobalt<\/em>,&#8230;N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5 khi pha tr\u1ed9n m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda c\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi pha m\u1ea7u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch &#8230; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, hay ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ebd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng sau khi b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1eeba v\u1ebd xong, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau, m\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ec9n, \u0111\u1ee5c ng\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng s\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 n\u1ee9t. Sau 1975, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecda s\u0129 Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc VN, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, c\u00f3 th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ed1 v\u1ebd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u d\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u01b0 v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u do Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1ebd xong, ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, ru\u1ed3i bu \u0103n s\u01a1n l\u00e0m m\u1eb7t tranh l\u1ed7 ch\u1ed7, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng v\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 v\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 v\u1ea3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 r\u1ed3i m\u1ee5c v\u00ec hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ea7u th\u1ea5m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o s\u1ee3i v\u1ea3i b\u1ed1. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 v\u1eady. <\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Renoir-DanceInTheCity.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Renoir-DanceInTheCity\" style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; float: none; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding-right: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Renoir-DanceInTheCity\" src=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Renoir-DanceInTheCity_thumb.jpg\" width=\"254\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\u1ea4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Auguste Renoir, <em>Dance in the City<\/em> (1883)<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong ngh\u1ec1 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111i xem tranh b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c danh ho\u1ea1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, Thu\u1ef5 S\u0129, Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch v\u1ebd, c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng m\u1ea7u d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Van Gogh, Picasso, Matisse, Miro, Gauguin, Monet, Renoir, Chagall &#8230; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng ai cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3 n\u00e0o trong s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0u d\u1ea7u d\u00f9 b\u00fat ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang v\u00e0 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau ra \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tranh s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, Vincent Van Gogh. <\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/VanGogh-TheSiesta.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"VanGogh-TheSiesta\" style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; float: none; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding-right: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" border=\"0\" alt=\"VanGogh-TheSiesta\" src=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/VanGogh-TheSiesta_thumb.jpg\" width=\"504\" height=\"342\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n: Vincent Van Gogh, <em>The Siesta<\/em> (1889)<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi b\u00fat ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed3ng phong, ch\u00e1y b\u1ed5ng hay tr\u0129u n\u1eb7ng tu\u1ef3 theo m\u1ed7i t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng khi v\u1ebd, t\u1eeb t\u0129nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn phong c\u1ea3nh, t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n dung c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p trong cu\u00f4c \u0111\u1eddi kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 thay, t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 xem th\u1eadt g\u1ea7n t\u1eebng cm vu\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tranh \u00f4ng trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng cho ph\u00e9p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 m\u00e0u, m\u00e0u th\u1eadt trong, th\u1eadt s\u1ea1ch d\u00f9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebd nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn n\u00e0o, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda c\u1ecd, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ecd s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 thay m\u1ed7i khi c\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t t\u00f4ng m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u00e0u trong tranh c\u1ee7a Vincent Van Gogh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 trong v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Chirico-PiazzaDItalia.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Chirico-PiazzaDItalia\" style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; float: none; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding-right: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Chirico-PiazzaDItalia\" src=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Chirico-PiazzaDItalia_thumb.jpg\" width=\"404\" height=\"349\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Si\u00eau th\u1ef1c: Giorgio de Chirico, <em>Piazza d&#8217;Italia <\/em>(1915)     <\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c th\u00ec sao? \u0110\u1eebng t\u01b0\u1edfng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean canvas c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec v\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1i ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi, ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch! V\u00e2ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb tranh V\u00f4 H\u00ecnh Dung (<em>non-figuratif<\/em>) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tranh Tr\u1eebu T\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, c\u00e1c tranh hi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1 cuc. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c v\u1ebd l\u1ec7ch h\u1eb3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ra n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, s\u1ef1 v\u1eedng ch\u1eafc cho b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c b\u1ee9c tranh nh\u1ea7m g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1 m\u1eaft, s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u01a1i th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1eady ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c b\u1ee9c tranh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed7. Ta h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh, xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1 s\u0129 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t object ph\u1ee5, d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi m\u1ea3ng v\u1ebd ch\u00ednh? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c ch\u00f4ng ch\u00eanh m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ebf. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 ch\u00f4ng ch\u00eanh (<i>L\u2019esth\u00e9tique du choc<\/i>)<\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Pollock-Number6.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Pollock-Number6\" style=\"border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; float: none; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-left: auto; display: block; padding-right: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; margin-right: auto\" border=\"0\" alt=\"Pollock-Number6\" src=\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Pollock-Number6_thumb.jpg\" width=\"488\" height=\"382\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n Tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Jackson Pollock, <em>Number 6 <\/em>(1948)     <\/p>\n<p>&#160;<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 5 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 s\u0129 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n phong \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0n l\u00e2m t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<p>1, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng b\u00fat ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e2n k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng dao v\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ebft c\u1ecd s\u00e2u v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3,&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>2, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>3, \u0111\u01b0a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 <i>hazard<\/i> th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>4, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1 t\u00ednh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i h\u1ecda s\u0129, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u (mati\u00e8re) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p>5, t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.    <br \/>&#160;<\/p>\n<p><em>Bolsa, th\u00e1ng 10-2015      <br \/><\/em><strong>Tr\u1ecbnh Cung<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sau 1975, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecda s\u0129 Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc VN, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, c\u00f3 th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ed1 v\u1ebd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u d\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u01b0 v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u do Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u1ebd xong, ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, ru\u1ed3i bu \u0103n s\u01a1n&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":507,"featured_media":39512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,291,50,25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-cau-chuyen-nghe-thuat","category-gioi-thieu-tac-pham","category-nhan-dinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/507"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39521"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39522,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39521\/revisions\/39522"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}