{"id":3634,"date":"2009-01-29T01:01:19","date_gmt":"2009-01-29T01:01:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/archives\/3634"},"modified":"2019-03-14T22:40:06","modified_gmt":"2019-03-14T22:40:06","slug":"sau-nguyen-tac-diem-sach-cua-john-updike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/3634\/sau-nguyen-tac-diem-sach-cua-john-updike","title":{"rendered":"Sáu Nguyên T\u1eafc \u0110i\u1ec3m Sách c\u1ee7a John Updike"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"MayCover.<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

LTS: Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n John Updike \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, \u2018Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00fa ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1 k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\u201d L\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa, \u201cn\u00ean l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh,\u201d c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Trong Pick-Up Pieces<\/em> (Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec1u Nh\u1eb7t Nh\u1ea1nh<\/em>) (1975), tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Updike \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea s\u00e1u nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n th\u1ecb H\u1ea3i H\u00e0 tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ghi kh\u1eafc t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, \u0111\u1eebng tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd \u0111\u00f3.\n
  2. Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 – \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n d\u00e0i \u2013 t\u1eeb quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c.\n
  3. Minh ch\u1ee9ng l\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch qua c\u00e1ch tr\u00edch d\u1eabn th\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb s\u00e1ch, cho d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u ng\u1eafn, v\u1eabn t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i t\u00f3m t\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.\n
  4. N\u01b0\u01a1ng tay khi t\u00f3m t\u1eaft truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 k\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c. (\u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f2n \u201ctrong tr\u1eafng,\u201d t\u00f4i nh\u1edb m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u00e0 gi\u1eadn d\u1eef khi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 sai s\u00f3t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 l\u00fac say ng\u1ea5t v\u1eabn l\u1ea3i nh\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi b\u1ea7n n\u00f4ng, n\u00f3i hu\u1ef5ch to\u1eb9t ra h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft \u00e9o le gay c\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m! Th\u1eadt m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn, gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd– nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n khi m\u1edf s\u00e1ch ra–l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecda ho\u1eb1n c\u00f3 ch\u00e0ng n\u00e0o g\u1eb7p h\u00ean, m\u1ea5y n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi t\u00ecnh c\u1edd m\u1edf ra quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch t\u1eeb k\u1ec7 s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 n\u00f3….)\n
  5. N\u1ebfu quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, n\u00ean n\u00eau m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch?\n
  6. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o n\u0103m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u bao qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan trong s\u00e1ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1eebng nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh hay ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, hay v\u00ec t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 m\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00f3. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a phe ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o, hay m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o, hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea3i hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec. Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd . . . mi\u1ec7t th\u1ecb t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay bi\u1ebfn t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh con t\u1ed1t trong cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh hay ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh hay ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. N\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u00f9a m\u00ea m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. N\u00ean khen v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00ean \u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00e0i tr\u1eeb. M\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac kh\u1ea3 thi khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong> http:\/\/bookcriticscircle.blogspot.com\/2006\/06\/reviewing-101-john-updikes-rules.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh hay ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh hay ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. N\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u00f9a m\u00ea m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1252,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-phe-binh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3634","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1252"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3634"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58347,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3634\/revisions\/58347"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}