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Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i<\/b>: C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00fa tr\u1ecdn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0n l\u00e2m \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n h\u1ed3i l\u00e3o h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi g\u00ec \u1edf t\u00f4i ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00ec g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 do. Th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, \u00f4ng V\u0103n T\u1ea1o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chuy\u00ean gia cao c\u1ea5p, \u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng Phong, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i \u0103n bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u0103n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p g\u00ec v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft xong, \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i g\u00ec, m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tham v\u1ecdng n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea5y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111i h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a H\u00e1n-N\u00f4m. Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng T\u00e0u l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u1eaft khe, l\u1edbp t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 v\u00e0 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i nghe c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a r\u1ec9 tai l\u00e0 m\u1eadt v\u1ee5. R\u1ed3i khi l\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh v\u00f4 gia c\u01b0, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ngay ch\u1ed7 \u1edf t\u1ea1m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3u Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m c\u0169ng ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, ra v\u00e0o th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i lom khom chui qua m\u1ed9t khung vu\u00f4ng, m\u1ed7i b\u1ec1 ch\u1eebng t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean trong th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng, tr\u1ea7n v\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0i ph\u00e2n. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00f4i chung s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i th\u00ec gh\u00ea, nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh khi ph\u1ea3i m\u1eddi m\u1ea5y b\u00e1c chu\u1ed9t sang m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c xa h\u01a1n, hay xua c\u00e1c em gi\u00e1n, c\u00e1c em th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n \u0111i ch\u01a1i ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u00ec di\u1ec7u, m\u00f9a n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng gh\u00e9 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 n\u01a1i th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. Marie S\u1ebfn<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hommage<\/i> cho th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y. S\u1ed1ng ngay t\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf 38 H\u00e0ng Chu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i th\u00fa l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng ng\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00f3c ph\u1ed1 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ed5 xem \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7 M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c pyjama<\/i> k\u1ebb s\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o t\u00f9 ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda h\u00f3ng m\u00e1t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n g\u1eabu v\u1edbi l\u00ednh g\u00e1c, l\u1eddi l\u1ebd th\u00f4 s\u01a1 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t m\u0169i, t\u0103m ng\u1eadm mi\u1ec7ng, t\u00e1c phong r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Thomas Mann, ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ngay l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u1eafn b\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 Goethe, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 b\u00e1n linh h\u1ed3n cho qu\u1ef7, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau gi\u1eefa v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u00e0o l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n bay b\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c sung s\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u0129 m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7y l\u00ed tr\u00ed tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m. Nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Mann danh ti\u1ebfng, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecdc Klaus Mann, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o Mephisto<\/i>, c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 b\u00e1n linh h\u1ed3n cho qu\u1ef7. M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a Doktor Faustus<\/i> l\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u00f4m r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn khi Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi II k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u00ec th\u1ebf b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u00e0o trong cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t d\u00e0y, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh g\u00ec v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0, l\u1eadp thuy\u1ebft, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c 12 cung, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed. C\u1ea3 Arnold Sch\u00f6nberg, cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y l\u1eabn Theodor Adorno, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean lu\u1eadn Philosophie der neuen Musik<\/i> (Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00e2n nh\u1ea1c) b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, Sch\u00f6nberg v\u00e0 Strawinsky, m\u00e0 Thomas Mann s\u1ebd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nguy\u00ean v\u0103n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n trong Doktor Faustus<\/i>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u01b0u vong, l\u00e0 l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a nhau, g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 nhau trong ng\u00f4i bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 khang trang c\u1ee7a Thomas Mann t\u1ea1i San Remo Drive, California, do hai ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 t\u1eeb Berlin sang t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebft, theo phong c\u00e1ch Bauhaus. Quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ba n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i m\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 cho c\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng l\u1eabn gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi l\u01b0u vong n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Thomas Mann, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u201cl\u01b0u vong t\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i\u201d (innere Emigration<\/i>), b\u00f9ng l\u00ean ngay sau khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Hitler s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0110\u1ee9c, Frank Thiess, ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch Thomas Mann r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ung dung tranh \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1n l\u01b0u vong sang tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7y \u00e1nh n\u1eafng b\u00ean b\u1edd Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, trong khi ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c tuy \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u00e1m tr\u1ee5 \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cl\u01b0u vong t\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i\u201d \u1ea5y, l\u01b0u vong tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh hay l\u01b0u vong trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u201cl\u01b0u vong xu\u1ea5t ngo\u1ea1i\u201d (\u00e4u\u00dfere Emigration<\/i>), m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, Thomas Mann n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u201cl\u01b0u vong t\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng k\u1ebb r\u00fac x\u00f3 l\u00f2 s\u01b0\u1edfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh\u201d (Ofenhocker des Ungl\u00fcckes<\/i>). N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u201cl\u01b0u vong t\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i\u201d th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00e1 th\u01b0a th\u1edbt v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u00edt h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Thomas Mann \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn Z\u00fcrich, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ea1 l\u1eabm v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
D\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c l\u01b0u vong h\u01a1n ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cqu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n khi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c h\u01a1n duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t. V\u00e0 ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00f4i mang theo m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t. N\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ecd x\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cqu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n khi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c h\u01a1n duy nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":506,"featured_media":35719,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[156],"class_list":["post-35722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-phong-van","tag-pham-thi-hoai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/506"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35722"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35723,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35722\/revisions\/35723"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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<\/a>Sinh 1960 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh V\u0103n kh\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c, Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Phong tr\u00e0o V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1986-1989. Sau Thi\u00ean S\u1ee9<\/i> \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i \u201cTi\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i hay nh\u1ea5t\u201d t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1993 v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c \u0110\u01a1n Ch\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt<\/i> quay th\u00e0nh phim tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ee9c, Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m. T\u1eeb 2001, Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean trang Talawas r\u1ed3i Pro&Contra, c\u00f9ng l\u00fac d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Franz Kafka, Bertolt Brecht v\u00e0 Friedrich D\u00fcrrenmatt. <\/b><\/p>\n