![\"nguyenductung5\"](\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/nguyenductung51.jpg\" "\\"nguyenductung5\\"")
<\/a><\/p>\n<\/i><\/p>\n
T\u1eeb tr\u00e1i: B\u00f9i V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f9ng, Tr\u1ea7n Do\u00e3n Nho, Ph\u00f9ng Nguy\u1ec5n <\/i><\/p>\n <\/u><\/i><\/p>\n L\u1eddi d\u1eabn: Trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, th\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3i kh\u00e1t, chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea7y, v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n, tra t\u1ea5n. C\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n Su\u1ed1t hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m, 1954-1975, th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00ea m\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, trong khi t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd trong gia t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt chung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n th\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u1eeda sau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh b\u1ecf qu\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n Gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 do, b\u1ee1 ng\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u1ea5y, trong khi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt lo \u00e2u v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c, chi\u1ebfn tranh, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n C\u00e2y \u0111ang xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, sau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u00e0 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc, \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m vang d\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n l\u1eeda h\u1ed3i quang c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng, b\u1eebng t\u1ec9nh. <\/p>\n S\u00e1ng nay th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c trong nh\u00e0 giam<\/i><\/p>\n Anh nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 vi\u1ebft th\u1eddi tr\u1ebb<\/i><\/p>\n B\u1eebng ch\u00e1y trong l\u00f2ng anh b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u u \u00e1m qu\u1ea1nh qu\u1ebd<\/i><\/p>\n \u00c1nh l\u1eeda m\u00eanh mang c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u<\/i><\/p>\n (Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n)<\/p>\n Bu\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ai? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef hay l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eddi ni\u00ean thi\u1ebfu? <\/p>\n Th\u1eadt ra, gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i xung kh\u1eafc l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n L\u00fd do ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nguy k\u1ecbch; ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ni\u1ec1m tin, l\u00e0m \u00fd th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea3y b\u1eadt l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y t\u00e2m linh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, thi s\u0129 c\u1ea7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp, chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u1eabn hy v\u1ecdng g\u1edfi \u0111i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p. <\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi d\u00f2ng tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam. N\u1ebfu trong th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh, ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n l\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi, bu\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. <\/p>\n Th\u1ea5m tho\u00e1t v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f2n<\/i><\/p>\n L\u00f4ng h\u1ed3ng gieo xu\u1ed1ng n\u1eb7ng b\u1eb1ng non<\/i><\/p>\n V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ri\u00eang t\u01b0 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a c\u00e1i ri\u00eang t\u01b0. \u0110i xuy\u00ean qua gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp. <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n:<\/p>\n Th\u0103m gi\u00f9m ta ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u1edf trong t\u00f9<\/i><\/p>\n Cho ta g\u1edfi m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh tr\u1eddi xanh bi\u1ebfc<\/i><\/p>\n Thay gi\u00f9m ai m\u00e0u ng\u1ee5c \u00e2m u<\/i><\/p>\n (Minh \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0i Trinh)<\/p>\n Hay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham d\u1ef1:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n L\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1ng tr\u01a1n<\/i><\/p>\n Con d\u00ea, con ch\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n<\/i><\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ecf x\u00e1c n\u01a1i b\u1edd b\u1ee5i<\/i><\/p>\n Mi\u1ebfu s\u1ea1t, th\u1ea7n ho\u00e0ng r\u0169 h\u00e9o hon<\/i><\/p>\n (T\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Y\u00ean)<\/p>\n B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tan hoang \u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea5y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111inh ch\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. <\/p>\n Th\u01a1 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u00edt c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, m\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 l\u00e0 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n. S\u1ef1 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, cu\u1ed9c th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3, kh\u00fac quanh r\u1ebd v\u00e0o ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. <\/p>\n N\u0103m 1975, th\u01a1 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi th\u01a1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, th\u1eddi s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng quy h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng \u1edf t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01a1 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng<\/b>. <\/p>\n Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb than m\u00e2y kh\u00f3c gi\u00f3, th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 mau ch\u00f3ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda chi\u1ebfn tranh. Tuy v\u1eady, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1eebng, t\u00f9y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea5n \u00e1t trong th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam. Th\u1eadt ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o c\u0169ng mang trong n\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 v\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, lu\u00e2n l\u00fd. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u1eeba l\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, anh ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean s\u1ef1 chia c\u1eaft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh Nam B\u1eafc 1954-1975, anh ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ngay trong cu\u1ed9c chia c\u1eaft \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong hai ph\u00eda, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i. Ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh, ngay c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ch\u1ec9 sau khi c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 qua, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng \u1ea5y. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c m\u1edbi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01a1 v\u0103n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 1945, 1954, 1963, 1975, t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1975 t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang r\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng th\u01a1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean.<\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a anh ta trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u1ee7a d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n m\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00ean t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang:<\/p>\n S\u00e1ng ch\u01b0a s\u00e1ng h\u1eb3n t\u1ed1i sao \u0111\u00e0nh<\/i><\/p>\n G\u00e0 l\u1ee3n om s\u00f2m c\u1ea3 b\u1ee9c tranh<\/i><\/p>\n Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u0103ng c\u0169 ai nguy\u1ec1n \u01b0\u1edbc<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u01a1i T\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Anh<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Sau l\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 tra t\u1ea5n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng. <\/p>\n B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi n\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ebfp l\u1ecbch s\u1eed theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai mong mu\u1ed1n. Th\u01a1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n K\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi giam h\u00e3m, l\u01b0u vong, ngh\u0129 g\u00ec khi h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m th\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hy v\u1ecdng? Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft r\u00f5. Nh\u01b0ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1, nhu c\u1ea7u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u1edf kh\u00fac quanh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi v\u0103n xu\u00f4i, th\u01a1 c\u00f3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ghi ch\u00e9p, d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc. C\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1ea5y di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. Th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00fat ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng. B\u00fat ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng<\/b>. <\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n T\u00e0u \u0111i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/i><\/p>\n S\u1eaft th\u00e9p kinh ho\u00e0ng va \u0111\u1eadp nhau<\/i><\/p>\n Ta t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nghe th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/i><\/p>\n X\u00f4 \u0111i \u1ea7m \u0129 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n \u0111au<\/i><\/p>\n (T\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Y\u00ean)<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u lao \u0111i trong \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i, ch\u1edf theo trong n\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, nh\u1eefng t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb va \u0111\u1eadp, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, s\u1ef1 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 dung h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong th\u01a1 ca. N\u1ebfu trong th\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u01a1 h\u1eadu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, th\u00ec th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng, th\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 th\u01a1 th\u1ebf s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ba d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u. Th\u01a1 t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u1ecdng ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra trong c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u1eabn d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u01a1: s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 d\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p v\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2u, s\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00e2m, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u ch\u1eef trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao hay th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra. Suy cho c\u00f9ng gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung.<\/u><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt l\u00e0m kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y g\u1ea7n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n C\u00e2y s\u1eady qu\u1ec1u qu\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ebft b\u01b0ng n\u1ed5i c\u00e1i s\u1ecd d\u1eeba c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u<\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft h\u00f4m kia<\/i><\/p>\n (Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb)<\/p>\n \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eebng c\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u00ecm \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n \u0111i t\u00ecm \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3 v\u00e0 quanh n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m thi ph\u00e1p. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, si\u00eau th\u1ef1c, huy\u1ec1n \u1ea3o. <\/p>\n Th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft \u1ea5y l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n trong s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01a1 \u0111\u1eddi sau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1eafng nghe m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 t\u00edch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vui bu\u1ed3n, \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i gi\u1edd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng, hay h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb trong cu\u1ed9c. Tham d\u1ef1, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y?<\/p>\n V\u1eabn bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n di\u1ec5n ra khi b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, v\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau, x\u00f3t xa, \u0111\u1eb1m th\u1eafm.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u1edf m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean v\u00e1n ch\u1eadt<\/i><\/p>\n Ru d\u1ed7 gi\u1ea5c \u0111\u01a1n chi\u1ebfc<\/i><\/p>\n R\u00f5i m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1ed9ng v\u1eddi <\/i><\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee3 con kh\u00f4n ngu\u00f4i<\/i><\/p>\n (TTT) <\/p>\n Th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c, trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c?<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb c\u00f5i \u1ea5y (Ho\u00e0ng H\u01b0ng)<\/p>\n Th\u01a1 Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 m\u1edd nh\u00f2a gi\u1eefa tr\u1ea1i giam v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 v\u00e0 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb giam h\u00e3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u th\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, tr\u1ea7m bu\u1ed3n, l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd, kh\u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ea7y suy t\u01b0. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecda c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p th\u1eed.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n B\u00ecnh minh b\u00ecnh minh anh k\u00eau kh\u1ebd c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng mu\u1ed1n kh\u00f3c<\/i><\/p>\n (TTT)<\/p>\n Hay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p. <\/p>\n Trong khi b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c quay l\u1ea1i c\u0103n nh\u00e0 c\u0169, b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u00fat ph\u00e1p trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 phong v\u1ecb h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u00edt g\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Khi m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao nh\u1ecdn s\u1eafc. Th\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0\u1edfng ki\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng thi ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u00f3i quen h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 \u0111ang l\u00e0m th\u01a1 l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t hay b\u1ea3y ch\u1eef, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 t\u1ef1 do, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi th\u01a1 c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng sau n\u00e0y b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng H\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0m ra l\u1eeda<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u1edf th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do. Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n v\u1ed1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 t\u1ef1 do, khi \u1edf trong t\u00f9 th\u01a1 \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u01a1 ca kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh, t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 v\u1ee5n v\u1ee1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u1eadu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. <\/p>\n Huy\u1ec7t n\u00f4ng. M\u01b0a l\u0169. B\u1ea1n d\u0103m th\u1eb1ng<\/i><\/p>\n Ai xui m\u00e0y n\u1ed5i<\/i><\/p>\n Gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e8 n\u00f3. Leo l\u00ean n\u00f3<\/i><\/p>\n (Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb)<\/i><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i, kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1, t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng sang ch\u1ea5n t\u00e2m l\u00fd, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1 nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0ng quan. Thi ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft c\u00f3 h\u1eadu, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca tuy c\u00f3 bi k\u1ecbch, m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1eabm kh\u00ed v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong th\u01a1 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n, th\u1ef1c ra ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi k\u1ec3, nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft. Hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, gi\u1eef ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111em ra k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n Th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. Trong khi th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ea3 ph\u00e1 hay ca ng\u1ee3i, tri\u1ebft l\u00fd, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, th\u00ec th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng tuy c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng th\u01a1 tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch quan.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u00ea qu\u00e1n, m\u1eb9 cha, con c\u00e1i<\/i><\/p>\n C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9n kh\u00f3i b\u1ed1c l\u00ean<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1eeb l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i ta<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i k\u00e9o em v\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 chia l\u00eca<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf, b\u1ecb b\u00f4i x\u00f3a<\/i><\/p>\n L\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i, khi quay \u0111i trong xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch<\/i><\/p>\n Em nh\u1edb m\u00e0. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng th\u1ea5y nhau<\/i><\/p>\n (Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb)<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, th\u01a1 l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong khi \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1ed1c cao ng\u00f9n ng\u1ee5t, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng g\u1ea7m th\u00e9t. <\/p>\n Th\u1eadt ra, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi<\/i> t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng sang T\u00e2y, \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c, \u1edf n\u01a1i \u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Anna Akhmatova l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Nga c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ed3ng b\u1ecb m\u1eadt v\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i, con trai duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0y \u0111i bi\u1ec7t x\u1ee9, \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 v\u0103n l\u1eebng danh Bunin \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. B\u00e0 k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1eafp h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 \u1edf Leningrad \u0111\u1ec3 xin v\u00e0o th\u0103m con, c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean b\u00e0, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn ra. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n, kh\u1ebd h\u1ecfi: Th\u01b0a ch\u1ecb, ch\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 b\u00e0 k\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp: "Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu h\u1eaft l\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0."<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, trong m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 bu\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga x\u00f4 vi\u1ebft, tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 t\u00f9, th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7m than. <\/p>\n Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5, ch\u1eef l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng. M\u1ed9t ch\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, gi\u00fap cho s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. Trong khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00f3i, kh\u00e1t, roi v\u1ecdt, ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c, chia l\u00eca, th\u00ec l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng thay n\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00fa trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, ni\u1ec1m vui s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u00f9 t\u1ed9i hay c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c, \u0111\u00f3i r\u00e1ch, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a T\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Y\u00ean v\u1ebb l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef, s\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c t\u00ednh, c\u00e1i l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby huy ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n T\u00e0u \u0111i khoan xo\u00e1y s\u00e2u \u0111\u00eam th\u00e9p<\/i><\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfng nghi\u1ebfn gh\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e1c l\u1eeda sa<\/i><\/p>\n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t v\u1ed9i v\u00e3<\/i><\/p>\n T\u00e0u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ga qua<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p trong ni\u1ec1m th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin, s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1 nh\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, h\u1eadn th\u00f9 v\u00e0 khoan th\u1ee9. X\u01b0a nay nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111au kh\u1ed5, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5t l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i vang xa v\u00e0 l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u1ea1c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea1i giam, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi trong n\u1ed7i kh\u00f4n kh\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n Tho\u1ea1t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee7y, th\u01a1 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1, t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 mang trong n\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, ca ng\u1ee3i chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi t\u00ednh ri\u00eang t\u01b0, n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 x\u00fac c\u1ea3m. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc, th\u01a1 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng mang t\u00ednh tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ebf t\u1eafc s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970. <\/p>\n Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a bao th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0n, soi s\u00e1ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng bao dung c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham d\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n \u0110au kh\u1ed5 ri\u00eang g\u00ec n\u01a1i gi\u00f3 c\u00e1t<\/i><\/p>\n H\u00e8 nh\u00e0 b\u1ee5i chu\u1ed1i th\u1ee9c th\u00e2u \u0111\u00eam<\/i><\/p>\n (TTY)<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ed1n m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t, ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i l\u1edbn trong th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u00ec nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y th\u1ea5p tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 khung c\u1ea3nh, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u00ecn xem g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t h\u1eafn thanh th\u1ea3n<\/i><\/p>\n L\u1ed9ng n\u1eafng nh\u01b0 say ch\u1ee3p ng\u1ee7 v\u00f9i<\/i><\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong giam h\u00e3m \u0111\u1eb7ng b\u00eau ri\u1ebfu<\/i><\/p>\n H\u1eafn d\u1ea7m th\u00e2n x\u1ea5p ng\u1eeda theo \u0111\u1eddi<\/i><\/p>\n (TTT)<\/p>\n K\u1ebb b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ecda trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh. N\u1ebfu so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i th\u1ea7m, t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ngo\u1ea1i vi v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, khi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra, n\u00f3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, ph\u00e2n ly, \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p, c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u nghi k\u1ef5, c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5, chia s\u1ebb, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c, tan r\u00e3, r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. <\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n s\u1ed1ng qua nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn sau, h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang ta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc quan s\u00e1t h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, chia s\u1ebb x\u00fac c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u01a1 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i t\u00f4i, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p n\u00f3 xa l\u1ea1 hay k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 hi\u1ec7n nay, hay nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i th\u01a1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb, m\u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau 1975 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ef5u ch\u00e2n<\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u00ean m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5<\/i><\/p>\n Th\u1edf h\u00edt t\u1eadn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/i><\/p>\n Ng\u00e2y say \u0111\u00f3a h\u1ed3ng r\u1ee3<\/i><\/p>\n (TTT)<\/p>\n Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y xa \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u th\u01a1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (address).<\/p>\n T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1edd n\u00e0y em ra sao<\/i><\/p>\n Em c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u0169 con c\u00e1i tan t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng<\/i><\/p>\n Em c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. Cho ch\u00fang \u0103n<\/i><\/p>\n (TDT)<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o ch\u01b0a h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu, v\u00ec m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c xuy\u00ean qua l\u0103ng k\u00ednh tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n nh\u00e0 th\u01a1. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u00ean \u00e1n ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t \u1ea5y. <\/p>\n C\u0169ng Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u00edt g\u1eb7p trong th\u01a1 \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean c\u00f9ng nh\u1eafc m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/i><\/p>\n Ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb t\u1edbi anh b\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9<\/i><\/p>\n (TDT)<\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 trong m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i, gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u. Trong khi gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u00edt thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u1eebng b\u00e0i th\u01a1, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u00e0 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, s\u00e2u h\u01a1n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1ea5y, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh hai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c sau th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m 1975, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ebf Lan Vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n Ngo\u1ea3nh m\u1eb7t nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y anh em<\/i><\/p>\n Ngo\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i, s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft b\u00f9n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hoa sen<\/i><\/p>\n V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb.<\/p>\n Chi\u1ebfn tranh. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 th\u1ebf<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd tin s\u1ed1ng tin ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Bi k\u1ecbch \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1edbt gay g\u1eaft h\u01a1n, \u00f4n h\u00f2a h\u01a1n, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin ch\u1eafc m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi n\u00f3, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u00ec v\u1eady, cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u0103n ho\u00e1<\/i>, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01a1 \u0111i t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho h\u1ecd. V\u00ec v\u1eady nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1, ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i th\u01a1, c\u00f3 gi\u1ecdng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ed5 sung trong gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1, ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 H\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0m ra l\u1eeda, h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trung t\u00e2m. <\/p>\n V\u00e0,<\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. S\u1ebd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00f9ng vu\u1ed1t ve l\u1ea1i trang gi\u1ea5y b\u1ecb v\u00f2 n\u00e1t n\u00e9m b\u1ecf<\/i><\/p>\n (TDT)<\/p>\n Trang gi\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng tan n\u00e1t, s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft, m\u1ea5t c\u00f2n. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hy v\u1ecdng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hy v\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t, thua cu\u1ed9c, th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, tai h\u1ecda? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafm. Ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n xuy\u00ean qua t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n <\/b>vi\u00ean. V\u00e0 tha th\u1ee9. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y trong th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y b\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n Tha th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1eadn th\u00f9 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tha th\u1ee9 gi\u00fap cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi b\u00f3ng ma \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i \u00e1c, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do. <\/p>\n Tha th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng. Tha th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1eadn th\u00f9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 ca v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta x\u00e9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn. <\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Ta v\u1ec1 khai gi\u1ea3i b\u00f9a thi\u00eang y\u1ec3m<\/i><\/p>\n Th\u1ee9c d\u1eady \u0111i n\u00e0o g\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1 \u01a1i<\/i><\/p>\n (TTY)<\/i><\/p>\n T\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb giam h\u00e3m hay l\u01b0u vong. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 hay ch\u1ed3ng \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. T\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i trong toa t\u00e0u s\u1eaft th\u00e9p, nh\u00ecn qua l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n H\u1ee1i c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i tr\u0103ng m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u00eam c\u00f3 n\u1eb1m m\u01a1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9i xu\u00e2n<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n cam d\u1ed1i m\u1eb9<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u1edb th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o gi\u1ea5u th\u1ea5m v\u00e0nh kh\u0103n?<\/i><\/p>\n (TTY)<\/p>\n T\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111\u00eam ch\u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y ra B\u1eafc, \u0111i qua v\u00f9ng th\u00f4n qu\u00ea n\u01a1i ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m th\u01a1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i ng\u1ed3i sau khung c\u1eedi d\u1ec7t l\u1ee5a:<\/p>\n B\u1eefa \u1ea5y m\u01b0a xu\u00e2n ph\u01a1i ph\u1edbi bay<\/i><\/p>\n Hoa xoan l\u1edbp l\u1edbp r\u1ee5ng v\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7y<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb9p bi\u1ebft bao gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng <\/b>\u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1i giam, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft, ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, gi\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0103n nh\u00e0 c\u0169, v\u00e0 mong \u01b0\u1edbc: <\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ta c\u00f2n tr\u0103m th\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c<\/i><\/p>\n S\u1eeda nh\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c l\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1eddn hoa<\/i><\/p>\n (TTY)<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m xu\u1ed1ng, chua x\u00f3t, bao dung, nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n Su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 em \u0111i chung t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n<\/i><\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o. Em t\u1edbi<\/i><\/p>\n T\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n \u00c0. Anh \u1ea5y n\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00f3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ee9. Anh \u1ea5y v\u1eabn gi\u1eef n\u00f3. H\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0m ra l\u1eeda.<\/i><\/p>\n (TDT)<\/p>\n H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh trong th\u01a1, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nhau, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng y\u00eau m\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. C\u00e2u th\u01a1, b\u00e0i th\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hay nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u, b\u1edfi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, b\u1edfi c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong khi s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, th\u00ec \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 \u0111i t\u00ecm b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u00fac c\u1ea3m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a ng\u1ea5m ng\u1ea7m, s\u00e2u xa, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang th\u0103ng hoa. <\/p>\n T\u00e0u \u0111i. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00eam v\u1eeba m\u1ecfi<\/i><\/p>\n L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, sao tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1eef ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, c\u00e1ch ng\u1eaft c\u00e2u, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i, gi\u00e0u t\u00ednh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ea5p, trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 T\u00e0u \u0111\u00eam<\/i> c\u1ee7a T\u00f4 Th\u00f9y Y\u00ean, vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1980. Chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1eadt trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u01b0ng th\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1edbn, t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, v\u00ec n\u00f3 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i g\u00f3c t\u1ed1i, ng\u00e3 r\u1ebd, s\u1ef1 khinh b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n \u00d4i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ga r\u1ea5t c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a<\/i><\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y bao gi\u1edd<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ga c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e8n b\u00e3o \u0111ong \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fat s\u00e1ng m\u1edd<\/i><\/p>\n (TTY)<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ga l\u00e0 ai? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft ch\u00fat \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1edd c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n b\u00e3o kia s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn m\u00e3i trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ngu\u00f4i ngoai nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri. S\u1ef1 tha th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a \u00fd ngh\u0129a, mang con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau trong kinh nghi\u1ec7m chung, chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0n g\u1eafn h\u1ecd v\u00e0o nhau. S\u1ef1 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1eef, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p v\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7u, s\u1ef1 va \u0111\u1eadp l\u00f3e s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca. <\/p>\n Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0m m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. C\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n mang nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kia.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn mang ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u01a1. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. Sau n\u00e0y, th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang theo t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i xa ngo\u00e0i t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi hay ti\u1ebfp theo, ghi l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u00ean th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u1edf nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eadm hay nh\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: Nguy\u00ean Sa, Du T\u1eed L\u00ea, Cao T\u1ea7n, Vi\u00ean Linh, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (*). Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi \u00e1nh l\u1eeda trong kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, 1975-1986, di\u1ec5n ra trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ebd c\u00f2n m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u01a1 h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, th\u01a1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt gieo tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00ean c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a hy v\u1ecdng, c\u1ee7a y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, mang v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng tr\u1ec5 mu\u1ed9n nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi s\u1eafc, trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo sau.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ngay sau kh\u00fac quanh<\/i> 1975<\/i>, theo t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do: quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00edt \u1ecfi, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111en t\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1eebng l\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. C\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam, c\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ch quan, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong hai c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn: khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch, g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i. <\/p>\n Trong m\u1ea1ch tr\u1eef t\u00ecnh, gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1<\/i><\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 c\u1edd qu\u1ea1t n\u00e0o v\u1ea9y nh\u01a1 n\u1ed5i b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi<\/i><\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 n\u00e0o b\u00f4i b\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed nh\u1edb<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed3i n\u00fai v\u00e0 em m\u1eb7c chung \u00e1o n\u1eafng v\u00e0ng<\/i><\/p>\n Su\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 em \u0111i chung t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n<\/i><\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o. Em t\u1edbi<\/i><\/p>\n (Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea1 T\u1eeb) <\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n \u1ede tr\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n H\u00e3y cho anh kh\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft em<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecnh duy\u00ean Budapest<\/i><\/p>\n Anh m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i tim em m\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i tim<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00fang k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn xa \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1956, Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 d\u00e0i, sau s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Hungary, hai th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cNg\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 10, n\u0103m 1956, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i trong bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ef1 do.\u201d H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb tra t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, kho\u1ea3ng hai tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Hungary n\u00e0o, m\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u, chia s\u1ebb. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t l\u00ean ngay trong bu\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam, r\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri cho s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 n\u00e0o t\u1eeb Hungary \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00e0y n\u1eefa, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hai n\u0103m sau, trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c, 1978.<\/p>\n V\u00e1c b\u00f3 cu\u1ed1c n\u1eb7ng b\u01b0\u1edbc lo\u1ea1ng cho\u1ea1ng<\/i><\/p>\n V\u1ec1 trong x\u00e2y x\u1ea9m bu\u1ed5i t\u00e0n \u0111\u00f4ng<\/i><\/p>\n L\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo nh\u00e0 ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e8n l\u1eeda<\/i><\/p>\n \u1ea2m \u0111\u1ea1m l\u00f2ng ta chi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0, t\u00e0n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1eafp h\u1ebft n\u0103m, t\u1edbi m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i th\u00eam, r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, v\u1ec1 hy v\u1ecdng \u1ea5y:<\/p>\n Ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh. Ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee5m l\u1eeda<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ean nhau. Th\u1eadt h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau \u1edbt h\u00e0nh ng\u00f2<\/i><\/p>\n Cho m\u00f3n x\u00e0o chua cay m\u1eb7n nh\u1ea1t<\/i><\/p>\n (TDT)<\/p>\n T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n t\u1edbi, tuy tr\u1ec5 mu\u1ed9n. Tr\u00ean qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang ta. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u01a1, d\u00f9 thu\u1ed9c khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng k\u00ecm h\u00e3m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, kh\u00f4ng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i th\u00f9 h\u1eadn, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01a1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 h\u00f4m nay, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i ti\u1ebfp con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khai ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n Tuy v\u1eady, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 sau c\u00f9ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n L\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u00e0 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd ri\u00eang, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y t\u1ecf c\u00f4ng khai ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Trong khi nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1eef \u0111\u00fang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1eef \u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 th\u01a1. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c xa v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thi s\u0129 nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n D\u1ea7n, Ho\u00e0ng C\u1ea7m, V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, Thanh T\u00e2m Tuy\u1ec1n… kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng l\u00ean t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p \u1ea5y. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hay c\u1ea3m x\u00fac xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m hay c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5y, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e2m, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t<\/i>: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n Th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c, c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. H\u1ecd v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng?<\/p>\n Ghi l\u1ea1i, m\u1edf ra, c\u0103m ph\u1eabn, soi th\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 khoan dung. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u, tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u00e1y s\u00e1ng trong thi\u00ean thu t\u1ecbch m\u1ecbch. <\/p>\n Em, soi b\u00f3ng em h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1ed1i th\u1eddi gian<\/i><\/p>\n L\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd anh g\u1ea7y nh\u00f3m l\u1eeda tinh m\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7m \u1ea5m <\/i><\/p>\n (TTT)<\/i><\/p>\n Hay gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft tha h\u01a1n, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Ta v\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e1 r\u01a1i v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i<\/i><\/p>\n B\u1ebfp l\u1eeda nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea7n \u1ea5m t\u1ed1i nay<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00fat r\u01b0\u1ee3u h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e2y xin r\u01b0\u1edbi xu\u1ed1ng<\/i><\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3i oan cho cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2u n\u00e0y<\/i><\/p>\n (TTY)<\/p>\n Th\u01a1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au t\u0103m t\u1ed1i, g\u1ee3i l\u00ean l\u00f2ng can \u0111\u1ea3m. Truy\u1ec1n \u0111i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng: ch\u00fang tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 ai trong ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng quanh ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c T\u00f9ng<\/b><\/p>\n <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n (*) C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m k\u1ec3 th\u00eam v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean: Cao \u0110\u00f4ng Kh\u00e1nh, Chu V\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi\u1ec7n, Thi V\u0169, \u0110inh Linh, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng, Tr\u1ea7n M\u1ed9ng T\u00fa, Th\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u00e1n, Ngu Y\u00ean, Kh\u1ebf I\u00eam, \u0110\u1ed7 Kh, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7, Lu\u00e2n Ho\u00e1n, Th\u1ebf D\u0169ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Nam, Ch\u00e2n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ed7 Quy\u00ean, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n S\u01a1n, Phan Nhi\u00ean H\u1ea1o, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc Minh, Tr\u1ea7n Nghi Ho\u00e0ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ho\u00e0ng B\u1eafc, Tr\u1ecbnh Y Th\u01b0, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c B\u1ea1t Ng\u00e0n, L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Nh\u1ea5t Lang, Tr\u1ea7n Trung \u0110\u1ea1o, Phan Xu\u00e2n Sinh, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng Tranh, Th\u1eadn Nhi\u00ean, L\u00ea Nguy\u00ean T\u1ecbnh, B\u1eafc Phong.<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/u><\/i><\/i><\/p>\n 1. <\/i>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m H\u1eefu Tr\u00e1c, Montreal.<\/i><\/p>\n 2. <\/i>C\u00e1c b\u00e0i v\u1edf tr\u00ean trang m\u1ea1ng Talawas, Ti\u1ec1n V\u1ec7, Da M\u00e0u, H\u1ee3p L\u01b0u, Di\u1ec5n \u0110\u00e0n, V\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t, S\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/i><\/p>\n 3. <\/i>\u0110\u1ed7 Qu\u00fd To\u00e0n, T\u00ecm th\u01a1 trong ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, NXB Thanh V\u0103n, 1992.<\/i><\/p>\n 4. <\/i>Thi V\u0169, B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t nam, NXB Qu\u00ea M\u1eb9, 1993.<\/i><\/p>\n 5. <\/i>J. D. Mc Clatchy, The Vintage book of contemporary world poetry, NXB Random House, 1996.<\/i><\/p>\n 6. <\/i>Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00f9i V\u1ee3i, Th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, 2004.<\/i><\/p>\n 7. <\/i>Nguy\u1ec5n H\u01b0ng Qu\u1ed1c, Th\u01a1 con c\u00f3c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c, V\u0103n M\u1edbi, 2006.<\/i><\/p>\n 8. <\/i>Feinstein, Elaine, Anna of All the Russias: A Life of Anna Akhmatova. NXB Vintage Books, 2007. <\/i><\/p>\n 9. <\/i>Tina Chang, Nathalie Handal, Ravi Shankar, Language for a new century, NXB Norton, 2008.<\/i><\/p>\n 10. <\/i>\u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ebfn, Th\u01a1. Thi ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n dung, NXB Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, 2009.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 do, b\u1ee1 ng\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u1ea5y, trong khi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt lo \u00e2u v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c, chi\u1ebfn tranh, th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":816,"featured_media":35061,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[304,160,190],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoi-thao-van-hoc-mien-nam-2014-usa","category-tham-luan","category-van-hoc-mien-nam-viet-nam-1954-1975"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/816"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35058"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35062,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35058\/revisions\/35062"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
<\/u><\/i>M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n r\u00fat ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i tham lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 V\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 6 v\u00e0 7 th\u00e1ng 12, 2014, t\u1ea1i California. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: t\u00f9y theo th\u1eddi gian hay n\u1ed9i dung, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 hay t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i dung: v\u0103n h\u1ecdc mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u00e0n qua ranh gi\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1975. Nh\u00ecn chung, \u1edf v\u00f9ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n nhau \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m g\u1ed1i l\u00ean nhau. <\/i>N\u0110T<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
V\u1ee3 kh\u00f3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam con l\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y <\/i><\/p>\n