{"id":25480,"date":"2012-08-17T00:05:00","date_gmt":"2012-08-17T00:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/?p=25480"},"modified":"2022-02-23T23:57:33","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T23:57:33","slug":"sang-kien-ha-luu-mekong-2020-va-mot-hoc-vien-mekong-tren-dat-lao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/25480\/sang-kien-ha-luu-mekong-2020-va-mot-hoc-vien-mekong-tren-dat-lao","title":{"rendered":"Sáng ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020 và m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Mekong trên \u0111\u1ea5t Lào"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u1eedi Nh\u00f3m B\u1ea1n C\u1eedu Long
v\u00e0 VN 2020 Mekong Group <\/em><\/p>\n

  
<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u2018S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn Cam K\u1ebft An Ninh \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2019, ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi \u201cS\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020\u201d. Nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n-ki\u1ebfn-nhi\u1ec1u-n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa.\u201d <\/i><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tham gia, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d.  <\/i><\/p>\n

\u2013 <\/i>Hillary Clinton <\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/i><\/p>\n

*<\/i><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft th\u1ee9 hai ti\u1ebfp theo b\u00e0i \u201cL\u01b0u V\u1ef1c S\u00f4ng Mekong, \u0110\u1ecba B\u00e0n Th\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3\u201d<\/i>. B\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 4 th\u00e1ng [04\/11\/2012], nay l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1edbi khi Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cS\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020\u201d [07\/13\/2012] v\u1edbi Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. LMI 2020 (Lower Mekong Initiative 2020)<\/i> \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong. [3]<\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u2013 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng quan t\u00e2m theo d\u00f5i trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a con S\u00f4ng Mekong — s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec3m qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u2013 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng g\u00f3p \u00fd theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hillary Clinton.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NI\u00caN BI\u1ec2U HOA K\u1ef2 V\u00c0 S\u00d4NG MEKONG<\/strong><\/p>\n

— R\u1ea5t s\u1edbm t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 40 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadp Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng Mekong. N\u0103m 1957, v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3, m\u1ed9t \u1ee6y Ban S\u00f4ng Mekong [Mekong River Committee] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m 4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i Lan, L\u00e0o, Cam B\u1ed1t v\u00e0 Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

— Khi so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00f4ng Mekong, Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chia L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c L\u1edbn s\u00f4ng Mekong [GMS, Greater Mekong Subregion] th\u00e0nh hai ti\u1ec3u l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi khu Tam Gi\u00e1c V\u00e0ng: L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c Tr\u00ean (Upper Basin) thu\u1ed9c V\u00e2n Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c. L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c D\u01b0\u1edbi (Lower Basin) thu\u1ed9c 5 qu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n: Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Th\u00e1i Lan, L\u00e0o, Cam B\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

— T\u1eeb 1968 \u0111\u1ebfn 1971, gi\u1eefa gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o chi\u1ebfn tranh, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi \/ World Bank t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho L\u00e0o ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t x\u00e2y con \u0111\u1eadp Nam Ngum tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 l\u01b0u l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a S\u00f4ng Mekong, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 con \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

— K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c D\u01b0\u1edbi Mekong \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng, nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ea3 ba n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh S\u00f4ng Mekong, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

— Ng\u00e0y 23\/ 07\/ 2009 Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u201cS\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong\u201d (Lower Mekong Initiative\/ LMI), kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n K\u1ebft ngh\u0129a gi\u1eefa \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi. [4]<\/p>\n

— Ng\u00e0y 7\/07\/2011 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n M\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 227 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 L\u01b0u v\u1ef1c S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u1edbi gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 nh\u1eb1m ho\u00e3n x\u00e2y c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh S\u00f4ng Mekong. [8]<\/p>\n

— Ng\u00e0y 7\/13\/2012 trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ea5p B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf Phnom Penh, Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cS\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020\/ LMI 2020\u201d v\u1edbi th\u00eam Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong. [1,2]<\/p>\n

— Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia Mekong c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m qua khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 x\u00e2y c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eaft gi\u00e1. Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadp tr\u00ean S\u00f4ng Mekong. [2]<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u1eea S\u00c1NG KI\u1ebeN H\u1ea0 L\u01afU MEKONG 2009<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m [23-07-2009], nh\u00e2n H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i C\u00e1c Qu\u1ed1c Gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 [ASEAN], theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00ean l\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng 5 n\u01b0\u1edbc: ph\u00eda M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 Hillary Rodham Clinton, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 4 Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Th\u00e1i , L\u00e0o, Cam B\u1ed1t v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Phuket, Nam Th\u00e1i Lan. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan t\u00e2m chung, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Y t\u1ebf, Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (infrastructure development) trong v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 n\u00e0y, Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi cam k\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u1eb1m th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho khu v\u1ef1c ASEAN nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng 4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i , L\u00e0o, Cam B\u1ed1t v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam [ l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u ] hoan ngh\u00eanh s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 trong nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c bao g\u1ed3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3; ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m; m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng. C\u00e1c Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chung \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c m\u1edbi; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hoan ngh\u00eanh s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u201cK\u1ebft Ngh\u0129a Gi\u1eefa Hai \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi \/ Sister-River Partnership\u201d<\/i> nh\u1eb1m chia x\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, khai th\u00e1c th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. [4]<\/p>\n

K\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201ctrang d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n \/ fact sheet\u201d v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i Giao M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong:<\/p>\n

(1) M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: 7 tri\u1ec7u MK d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong v\u00f9ng Mekong, \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u1ebft ngh\u0129a gi\u1eefa hai \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u1edbi \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 chia x\u1ebb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m chung . S\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 chu\u1ea9n y th\u00eam 15 tri\u1ec7u MK n\u1eefa cho n\u0103m 2010.<\/p>\n

(2) Y t\u1ebf: 138 tri\u1ec7u MK, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 HIV\/AIDS, s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c, t\u1ed5ng d\u1ecbch c\u00fam, v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 Hoa K\u1ef3 – Mekong v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m trong v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

(3) Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: 16 tri\u1ec7u MK, v\u00e0 500 h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng Fulbright cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi internet t\u1edbi th\u00f4n qu\u00ea v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n M\u1ef9 – Mekong v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2009 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, gi\u1eefa l\u00fac m\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c gh\u00ea g\u1edbm c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n v\u00f9ng. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u01b0a t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng so v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c. L\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201c\u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, khi m\u00e0 B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111ang \u1edf th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong trong L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c L\u1edbn S\u00f4ng Mekong \/ Greater Mekong Subregion\/ GMS so v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c. [4]<\/p>\n

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T\u1edaI S\u00c1NG KI\u1ebeN H\u1ea0 L\u01afU MEKONG 2020<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m sau H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb Phuket Th\u00e1i Lan; c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y 07\/13\/2012 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 hai cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp, m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m B\u1ea1n H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong t\u1ea1i Phnom Penh, Cam B\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

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\"Hi\u0300nh<\/a><\/p>\n

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H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020 c\u1ea5p Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i Phnom Penh 13\/07\/2012,
c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Wunna Maung Lwin
[\u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i]. Source: Heng Sinith \/ AP<\/i><\/p>\n

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Trong h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hillary Clinton \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t cam k\u1ebft m\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 2009. Nay nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn Cam K\u1ebft An Ninh \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng [APSEI \/ Asia Pacific Security Engagement Initiative]<\/i>, S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020 [LMI 2020] nh\u01b0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n-ki\u1ebfn-nhi\u1ec1u-n\u0103m [multi-year vision] \u0111\u1ec3 Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 to\u00e0n v\u00f9ng nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng Mekong tr\u00f9 ph\u00fa trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, n\u00e2ng cao, v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 trong v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn lao trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, nay th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00eam m\u1ed9t Nh\u00f3m \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u01b0\u1edbng H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/i> [action-oriented group] qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chia x\u1ebb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 con S\u00f4ng Mekong.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eafp t\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020\/ LMI 2020: [1]<\/p>\n

— Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 M\u00f4i Sinh v\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec7 sinh, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

— Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Canh N\u00f4ng v\u00e0 An To\u00e0n L\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ef1c cho to\u00e0n c\u01b0 d\u00e2n l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c S\u00f4ng Mekong. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ASEAN.<\/p>\n

— L\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng N\u1ed1i K\u1ebft [Connectivity], nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ed1 [digital divide] gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u01b0 d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

— Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u201cnh\u00f3m chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d<\/i> t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb [fresh thinking] v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00f9ng [subregional integration], ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, ganh \u0111ua kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u0110i th\u00eam v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020, (1) Hoa K\u1ef3 s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi [new partnership] gi\u1eefa Ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, (2) N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c gia t\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Hoa K\u1ef3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam 50 tri\u1ec7u MK trong 3 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng [bilateral support] m\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p, (3) V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ct\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p\u201d<\/i> [coordination hub] t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 quan USAID Bangkok. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi l\u00fac c\u1ea7n di chuy\u1ec3n trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n con s\u00f4ng Mekong \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3, qua S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u201cnh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh S\u00f4ng Mekong\u201d.<\/i> Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia Mekong \u201cho\u00e3n x\u00e2y nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1eadp m\u1edbi\u201d cho t\u1edbi khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1eadp \u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u2013 l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh \u1ea5y tr\u00ean ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, canh n\u00f4ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ebd ra sao?<\/p>\n

Qua S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong 2020, Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00eam 1 tri\u1ec7u MK cho \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng S\u00f4ng Mekong, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh. Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam cho \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong 2 tri\u1ec7u MK \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hillary Clinton c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n\/ flexible c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tham gia, g\u00f3p \u00fd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn. [2]<\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a S\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong 2020 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u2013 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u00f3p \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hillary Clinton.<\/p>\n

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T\u1eea M\u1ed8T KINH NGHI\u1ec6M QU\u00c1 KH\u1ee8<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960s gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng leo thang, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u1edd b\u00e1o Y khoa T\u00ecnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nguy\u1ec5n B\u1ec9nh Khi\u00eam. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n sinh vi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 WUS (World University Service), v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1edbi th\u0103m, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i t\u00f4i c\u00f2n nh\u1edb nh\u01b0: Takashi Oka ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean Chistian Science Monitor & New York Times, Jean-Claude Pomonti b\u00e1o Le Monde, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n \u1ea8n tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Times c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 (m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7p vi\u00ean t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)\u2026 [14]<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi \u201cc\u00e1i nh\u00ecn\u201d c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 t\u1edbi c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 sinh m\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u1ea5y h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 MK cho bom \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay. C\u0169ng gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa hi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c \u2013 m\u1ed9t Trung T\u00e2m Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c Y khoa hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i Y Khoa Hoa K\u1ef3 (American Medical Association) t\u1ed5n ph\u00ed 2.7 tri\u1ec7u MK, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda do Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 M\u1ef9 Vi\u1ec7t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 1966, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y Khoa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u1eeb 28 Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u00fd C\u00e1p, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c d\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng. [12]<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i 500 gi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng trong khu \u0111\u1ea5t k\u1ebf c\u1eadn TTGDYK, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 Helipad t\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u0169ng t\u1ea1i t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n b\u00e1o T\u00ecnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f2n nh\u1edb l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi th\u0103m \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 sau Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u1eafn r\u01a1i, nh\u01b0ng Trung T\u00e2m Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c Y khoa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u1ea5y s\u1ebd c\u1ee9 m\u00e3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

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\"Hi\u0300nh<\/a><\/p>\n

Trung T\u00e2m Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c Y Khoa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u1edbi y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i Y Khoa Hoa K\u1ef3
\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1966 gi\u1eefa gi\u00f4ng b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/i><\/p>\n

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V\u00e0 ng\u00f3t n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau, Trung T\u00e2m Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c Y Khoa tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 H\u1ed3ng B\u00e0ng \u1ea5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 Made in USA \u1ea5y, [m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u1eafn r\u01a1i] v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 an nhi\u00ean t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda.<\/p>\n

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T\u1edaI M\u1ed8T D\u1ef0 \u00c1N \u0110\u1ec0 XU\u1ea4T TR\u00caN \u0110\u1ea4T L\u00c0O<\/strong><\/p>\n

— Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103m 2000, v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed3ng B\u1eb1ng S\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia cu\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n S\u00f4ng Mekong, n\u01a1i s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edch l\u0169y do c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc khai th\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng tr\u00ean su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i con s\u00f4ng; \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed5i Kh\u00ed H\u1eadu v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng cao. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e2n khoa S\u00f4ng Mekong n\u01a1i \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cthink tank\u201d c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m v\u1eeba nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u1eb1m cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m cho to\u00e0n l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c S\u00f4ng Mekong. [13]<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u00f4i qua, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e2n Khoa Mekong, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 do h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u201ct\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc\u201d th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i cho m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

— C\u0169ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103m 2000 \u1ea5y, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111e d\u1ecda nh\u00e3n ti\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n 11 con \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u S\u00f4ng Mekong. V\u00ec k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2006, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Th\u00e1i Lan, M\u00e3 Lai v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi \/ feasibility study c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng con \u201c\u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \/ run-of-river\u201d thu\u1ed9c L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c D\u01b0\u1edbi S\u00f4ng Mekong.<\/p>\n

— Trong s\u1ed1 11 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n con \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 9 con \u0111\u1eadp n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 L\u00e0o [2 \u0111\u1eadp c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i Stung Treng v\u00e0 Sambor, th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c Cam B\u1ed1t ]. Xayaburi, 1260 MW, l\u00e0 con \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a L\u00e0o, \u0111ang g\u00e2y s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 cho to\u00e0n l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

— Qu\u1ed1c gia L\u00e0o v\u1edbi s\u1eb5n 9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp ph\u1ee5 l\u01b0u, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong; s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u201cNg\u1ecdn H\u1ea3i \u0110\u0103ng Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7\u201d ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ecdi b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

— Nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p: cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p [coordination hub] c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan USAID [Agency for International Development of the U.S.] t\u1ea1i Bangkok, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi l\u00fac c\u1ea7n di chuy\u1ec3n trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n con S\u00f4ng Mekong \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c. [1]<\/p>\n

— Thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: L\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ebfu t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t trong 5 qu\u1ed1c gia H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong. M\u1ed9t H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t L\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ea5y. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt trong cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn Tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai m\u00e0 L\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tham d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

— Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng: H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t [the most cost-effective investment] v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed8T H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6N MEKONG TR\u00caN \u0110\u1ea4T L\u00c0O<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong:<\/p>\n

— C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 M\u1ef9 L\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c Y Khoa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n do nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 M\u1ef9 Vi\u1ec7t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p). C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1ea5y s\u1ebd v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eeba mang \u0111\u1eadm n\u00e9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c L\u00e0o. Kinh ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ebd do c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia Mekong \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda t\u1eeb c\u01a1 quan USAID c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n TTGDYK S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u201d<\/i> tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1.<\/p>\n

— S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong. \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1879, v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 sai l\u1ea7m \u2013 ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m \u1ea5y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc q\u00fay gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia Mekong kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m. C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam c\u1ea3 \u201ct\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi \u201cVi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn 200 n\u0103m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Cam K\u1ebft Li\u00ean Th\u1ebf h\u1ec7\u201d<\/i> (America\u2019s Watershed: A 200-year Vision, An Intergenerational Commitment signed on August 20, 2009).<\/p>\n

— Trong khi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho m\u1ed9t H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c Gia L\u00e0o (NUOL \/ National University of Laos) ngay th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 V\u1ea1n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng, [c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong]. \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c Gia L\u00e0o c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t non tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1996, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c Gia duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1ng L\u01b0\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c L\u1edbn S\u00f4ng Mekong (GMSARN\/ Greater mekong Subregion Academic and Research Network) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c M\u1ea1ng L\u01b0\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc ASEAN (AUN\/ ASEAN University Network).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Hi\u0300nh<\/a><\/p>\n

Huy hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c Gia L\u00e0o, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 V\u1ea1n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng
c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a GMSARN \/ M\u1ea1ng L\u01b0\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c
v\u00e0 Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c L\u1edbn S\u00f4ng Mekong.<\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

— X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t Trung t\u00e2m H\u1ecdc Li\u1ec7u (Learning Resource Center) chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u00e1ch v\u1edf t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i con s\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 con s\u00f4ng Mississippi, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n\u2026<\/p>\n

— Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ban gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m Chuy\u00ean Vi\u00ean Tham v\u1ea5n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ecnh M\u00f4i Sinh Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c [UNEP \/ United Nations Environment Programme], chuy\u00ean gia H\u1ed9i C\u00e1c Con \u0110\u1eadp Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi [WCD\/ World Commission Dams], M\u1ea1ng L\u01b0\u1edbi S\u00f4ng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf [IRN\/ International River Network]\u2026 H\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng Gi\u00e1o S\u01b0 Th\u1ec9nh Gi\u1ea3ng cho H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n S\u00f4ng Mekong. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 do t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

— Tuy\u1ec3n sinh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho to\u00e0n l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u01b0u t\u00fa bi\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Fulbright \u201ch\u1ecdc t\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d<\/i>. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng cho c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 L\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong to\u00e0n l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 Cam B\u1ed1t, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Th\u00e1i Lan, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb V\u00e2n Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean t\u1eeb qu\u1ed1c gia T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a con S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn Ch\u00e2u \u00c1.<\/p>\n

— Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 m\u00f4i sinh, ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn du kh\u1ea3o qua c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng Mekong, qua c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong v\u00e0 \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mississippi. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nhau li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a con s\u00f4ng Mekong. Trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai xa h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \/ post graduate education cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb th\u1ea1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m sinh vi\u00ean \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia \u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m\u201d<\/i> b\u1ed5 sung cho \u1ee6y H\u1ed9i S\u00f4ng Mekong, th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. L\u1edbp chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u201cTinh Th\u1ea7n S\u00f4ng Mekong\u201d, t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a 7 qu\u1ed1c gia trong to\u00e0n l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng Mekong. [7]<\/p>\n

— H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c H\u1ed9i Th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 S\u00f4ng Mekong. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 2020, v\u1edbi 9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c D\u01b0\u1edbi S\u00f4ng Mekong n\u00f3i chung, n\u01a1i \u1ea5y \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cm\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba m\u00f4i sinh\u201d<\/i> kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 do h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u1eadp th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eadc th\u1ec1m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201ckhai th\u00e1c t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y\u201d<\/i> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u1edaI S\u00c1NG KI\u1ebeN H\u1ea0 L\u01afU MEKONG 2100<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3i xem \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho \u201cM\u1ed9t Tinh Th\u1ea7n S\u00f4ng Mekong\u201d<\/i> trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f9ng. M\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 8 n\u0103m [2012 \u2013 2020], H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cvi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn 100 N\u0103m\u201d<\/i> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ni\u00ean K\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 Ba n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eb7ng d\u1eef n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o: nh\u01b0 Cung V\u0103n H\u00f3a do Trung Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y \u1edf V\u1ea1n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng Kaysone Phomvihane do Vi\u1ec7t Nam x\u00e2y \u1edf C\u00e2y S\u1ed1 S\u00e1u\u2026 Nh\u01b0ng H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n Mekong l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n: c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u00e0o m\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c L\u1edbn S\u00f4ng Mekong\/ Greater Mekong Subregion<\/i>, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 an sinh cho h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 11 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng phong ph\u00fa \u2013 ch\u1ec9 sau con S\u00f4ng Amazon, tr\u00ean to\u00e0n h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Cho d\u00f9 b\u00e0 Hillary Clinton kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, \u00f4ng Jim Webb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u1ecb S\u0129 c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n, d\u00f9 D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 hay C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, th\u00ec d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u201cS\u00e1ng Ki\u1ebfn H\u1ea1 L\u01b0u Mekong\u201d<\/i> c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hillary Clinton cho nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, sustainable development\u201d c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n L\u01b0u V\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

D\u0129 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con S\u00f4ng Mekong: b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1, ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 phong ph\u00fa nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a ng\u00f3t 70 tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 cho cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng \u201cN\u00f3i t\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1eddi gian. Ti\u00eau vong l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n\u201d<\/i> (Endangered means we still have time. Extinction is forever — Sea World San Diego).<\/p>\n

 
NG\u00d4 TH\u1ebe VINH, M.D.
California, 08\/ 16\/ 2012 <\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tham Kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1\/ Remarks From the Fifth Lower Mekong Initiative Ministerial<\/i><\/p>\n

Remarks; Hillary Rodham Clinton; Phnom Penh, Cambodia, July 13, 2012 <\/i>http:\/\/www.state.gov\/secretary\/rm\/2012\/07\/194971.htm<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

2\/ Remarks at the Second Friends of the Lower Mekong Ministerial<\/i><\/p>\n

Remarks; Hillary Rodham Clinton, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; July 13, 2012 <\/i>http:\/\/www.state.gov\/secretary\/rm\/2012\/07\/194957.htm<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

3\/ The Mekong Basin: A Challenging Neighborhood for The U.S. Ng\u00f4 Th\u1ebf Vinh; <\/i>http:\/\/www.vietecology.org\/Article.aspx\/Article\/88<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

4\/ The Mekong and Mississippi Sister-River Partnership: Similarities and Differences; Ng\u00f4 Th\u1ebf Vinh, <\/i>http:\/\/www.vietecology.org\/Article.aspx\/Article\/58<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

5\/ Challenge to Water and Security in Southeast Asia; U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations; September 23, 2010; <\/i>http:\/\/www.foreign.senate.gov\/hearings\/hearing\/?id=4c2fd291-5056-a032-52fd-414f26c49704<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

6\/ China Sees U.S. as Competitor and Declining Power, Insider Says; By Jane Perlez, April 2, 2012; <\/i>http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/04\/03\/world\/asia\/chinese-insider-offers-rare-glimpse-of-us-china-frictions.html?_r=1&hp<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

7\/ <\/i>Challenge to Water and Security in Southeast Asia; U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations; Presiding: Senator Webb, Thursday, September 23, 2010; <\/i>http:\/\/www.foreign.senate.gov\/hearings\/hearing\/?id=4c2fd291-5056-a032-52fd-414f26c49704<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

8\/ <\/i>The Senate of The United Stated; S.Res. 227, July 7, 2011, A resolution calling for the protection of the Mekong River Basin and increased U.S. support for delaying the construction of mainstream dams along the Mekong River. <\/i>http:\/\/www.govtrack.us\/congress\/bills\/112\/sres227\/text<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

9\/ The Mekong River at Risk 2012: With The \u201cSpirit of The Mekong\u201d We will Together Develop the Basin. Ng\u00f4 Th\u1ebf Vinh; <\/i>http:\/\/www.vietecology.org\/Article.aspx\/Article\/80<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

10\/ <\/i>Mekong, Tipping Point: Hydropower Dams, Human Security and Regional Stability; Richard Cronin, Timothy Hamlin; The Henry Stimson Center 2010; <\/i>www.stimson.org<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

11\/ Upon Their Shoulders: A History of The Mississippi River Commission from its Inception through the Advent of The modern Mississippi River and Tributaries Project. Charles A. Camillo and Mathew T. Pearcy. Mississippi River Commission; Vicksburg, Mississippi, 2006<\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

12\/ Saigon Medical School: An Experiment in International Medical Education: An Account of the American Medical Association\u2019s Medical Education Project; C.H. William Ruhe and Ira Singer; Published by AMA June 1988. <\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

13\/ <\/i>\u201cC\u1ea7n c\u00f3 Ph\u00e2n khoa Mekong cho \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1\u201d<\/i> <\/i>http:\/\/tuoitre.vn\/Tuoi-tre-cuoi-tuan\/Tuoi-tre-cuoi-tuan\/334051\/\u201cCan-co-phan-khoa-Mekong-cho-Dai-hoc-Can-Tho\u201d.html<\/i><\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

14\/ Nguy\u1ec7t San T\u00ecnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng 1963-1967; Ti\u1ebfng N\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Sinh Vi\u00ean Y Khoa; Ng\u00f4 Th\u1ebf Vinh; T\u00ecnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ed9t Th\u1eddi Nh\u00e2n B\u1ea3n, T\u1eadp San Y S\u0129 \u2013 H\u1ed9i Y S\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t Nam Canada, s\u1ed1 184, 01-2010. <\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft th\u1ee9 hai ti\u1ebfp theo b\u00e0i \u201cL\u01b0u V\u1ef1c S\u00f4ng Mekong, \u0110\u1ecba B\u00e0n Th\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3\u201d. B\u00e0i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 4 th\u00e1ng [04\/11\/2012], nay l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1edbi khi Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1233,"featured_media":25475,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,152,189,9],"tags":[316,313,314],"class_list":["post-25480","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-hoc-thuat","category-kinh-te","category-nghien-cuu","tag-cuu-long","tag-mekong","tag-ngo-the-vinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25480","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1233"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25480"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25480\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71519,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25480\/revisions\/71519"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25480"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25480"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25480"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}