![\"1.-n-du-k-phn-2\"](\"http:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/1.-n-du-k-phn-2.jpg\" "\\"1.-n-du-k-phn-2\\"")
<\/a><\/p>\n\u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia li\u00ean bang r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 d\u00e2n c\u01b0, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. Di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1nh t\u00edch t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i, ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1ch, cung \u0111i\u1ec7n, l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng gia Maharadscha. N\u00f3i chung, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecbu \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u1ea2-r\u1eadp v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t hoa v\u0103n u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n, t\u00f4 v\u00e0ng th\u1ebfp b\u1ea1c, gi\u00e1t thu\u1ef7 tinh l\u00f3ng l\u00e1nh. Nh\u1eefng \u00f4 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 l\u1eafp k\u00ednh m\u00e0u, r\u1ecdi vu\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ec1n nh\u00e0. \u00cdt m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc cam v\u00e0 xanh l\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
Trong su\u1ed1t hai tu\u1ea7n du ngo\u1ea1n Rajasthan, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong t\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o l\u00e0 c\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Jaisalmer, cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Amber \u1edf Jaipur, \u0111\u1ec1n Jain \u1edf Ranakpur v\u00e0 l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m Taj Mahal \u1edf Agra.<\/p>\n
T\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh Jailsalmer<\/p>\n C\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh \u1edf Jailsalmer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng sa th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh. Trong khi \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m, th\u00ec sa th\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. N\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 ngo\u1eb1n ngo\u00e8o ng\u00f5 ng\u00e1ch v\u1edbi ti\u1ec7m bu\u00f4n v\u00e0 t\u01b0 gia, \u0111a s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, v\u1eadt k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m. Du kh\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 chen ch\u00fac. Tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e0y m\u1eddi m\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n xin n\u00e0i n\u1ec9, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 callboy<\/em> mi\u1ec7t v\u01b0\u1eddn l\u1ebdo \u0111\u1ebdo theo \u0111u\u00f4i, l\u1ed9 li\u1ec5u m\u1eddi ch\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u1eef du kh\u00e1ch. V\u00e0 b\u00f2. \u0110i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1p ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n b\u00f2 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p. C\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed3n \u00e0o, v\u00f4 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1; kh\u00f4ng gian tho\u1ea3ng m\u00f9i r\u00e1c r\u01b0\u1edfi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb1m \u0111\u1eb5m v\u1ebb g\u00ec v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng "h\u01b0\u01a1ng xa", \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n H\u1ea1nh ng\u1ed9 hai \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5ng th\u00e0nh Jailsalmer<\/p>\n T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean m\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 Chai<\/em> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Masala Chai, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 \u0111en n\u1ea5u v\u1edbi s\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, gia v\u1ecb Masala g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eadu kh\u1ea5u, h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, qu\u1ebf h\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ea1t ti\u1ec3u h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1eebng, \u2026 H\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00e0 Chai th\u01a1m l\u1eebng, h\u1eadu v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadm s\u1eafc, b\u1eaft t\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1ch tr\u00e0 Lipton c\u1ee7a ba t\u00f4i thu\u1edf x\u01b0a \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 nh\u1eefng x\u1ebf tr\u01b0a ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, pha \u0111\u1eadm v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1eefa \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t to\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng sa th\u1ea1ch trong ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 Jailsalmer<\/p>\n N\u00f3i chung, v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u gia v\u1ecb. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang c\u00e0-ri kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gia v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb 12 t\u1edbi 36 (?) lo\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec7, b\u1ed9t \u1edbt, ti\u00eau, \u0111\u1eadu kh\u1ea5u, g\u1eebng, qu\u1ebf, \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ea1t ng\u00f2,… \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, c\u00e0-ri kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 gia v\u1ecb m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eam n\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, gia gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ef3 theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea5u. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, c\u00e0-ri \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb d\u00e2n Trung hoa, v\u00ec \u00edt th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1p v\u1ecb n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n B\u1eefa \u0103n tr\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1m b\u1ea1c ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1<\/p>\n C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 \u0103n b\u1ed1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n \u1ea4n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u nh\u1eeb, \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f3n n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 m\u00ec, ph\u1edf, h\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c1 ch\u00e2u kh\u00e1c. \u0110a d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t trong phong c\u00e1ch n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u1ea4n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1nh m\u00ec c\u00e1n m\u1ecfng, n\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00f2 than, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh Naan. V\u00e0, c\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u1ea4n d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u1ecbt b\u00f2 v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt heo l\u00e0 hai lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecbt c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1ea4n nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a gia v\u1ecb. C\u00e1c m\u00f3n b\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdt g\u1eaft. \u0102n kh\u00f4ng quen, kh\u00f3 nu\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1nh Naan trong ch\u00e1i b\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n \u0103n<\/p>\n H\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9u t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb th\u1eddi \u1ea5u th\u01a1, l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh chi\u00ean Pakora l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu xanh (Kichererbse, chick-pea)<\/em>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung chung l\u00e0 "b\u00e1nh r\u00ea, b\u00e1nh cay"; v\u00e0 Lassi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh t\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1eefa chua v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n T\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb, th\u1ea5y m\u00f3n l\u1ea1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng xa \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n th\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3u n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng, chi\u00ean x\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed9t d\u1ea1. Ch\u1ecbu, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m, s\u1ee3 phi\u1ec1n h\u00e0 d\u1ea1 d\u1ea7y, m\u1ea5t vui.<\/p>\n Xe b\u00e1n th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong ch\u1ee3 phi\u00ean<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn Udaipur, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec1n Jain. Theo l\u1eddi t\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a anh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean, ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng x\u00e2y v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 v\u1edbi 1.444 c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1, m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc tinh vi ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n Kh\u00e1ch th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec1n Jain<\/p>\n Jain hay K\u1ef3-na gi\u00e1o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1o B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt chay t\u1ee5ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m s\u00e1t sinh tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, K\u1ef3-na gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 giai c\u1ea5p B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u00d0\u1ea1o s\u0129 K\u1ef3-na gi\u00e1o \u0111i ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, \u0103n chay tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u01b0 h\u1eefu l\u1eabn t\u00e0 d\u1ee5c. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1n, kh\u00e1ch th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng da, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o d\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng t\u01a1 t\u1eb1m.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u01b0 ch\u00fa K\u1ef3-na gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec1n Jain l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9. Kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u00f3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ecdi ng\u00f3c ng\u00e1ch, t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1n cho t\u1edbi c\u1ed9t k\u00e8o, t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebdo kh\u1eafc chi ly nh\u1eefng ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u00eau, b\u00e0y ra m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 quan k\u1ef3 th\u00fa. Ki\u1ec3u trang tr\u00ed tr\u00f2n vu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp Mandala. Trong \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ea7n, th\u00fa v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0 quy\u1ec7n lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0o nhau, k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh tinh l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 "s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng."<\/p>\n Ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u00eau linh x\u00e0 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u Dharanendra ph\u00f2 tr\u1ee3 th\u00e1nh Parshavanatha (m\u1ed9t trong 24 gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee7 K\u1ef3-na gi\u00e1o)<\/p>\n C\u00f5i sinh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, t\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ecdi v\u1eadt, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u00fac, \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft hu\u1ef7 di\u1ec7t, tan theo \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 sa v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i Samsara. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed K\u1ef3-na gi\u00e1o bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n qua c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3, trong m\u1ed7i phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1 \u1ea9n m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n h\u1ed3n. \u0110\u00fang th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc linh hi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ebd c\u1ef1a m\u00ecnh, c\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n R\u1eddi Udaipur, \u0111o\u00e0n du l\u1ecbch ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i Jaipur, th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang Rajasthan, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 "Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3ng" (Pink City)<\/em>, v\u00ec ph\u1ed1 s\u00e1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n h\u1ed3ng. Jaipur c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi v\u00ec c\u00f3 "\u0110\u00e0i v\u1ecdng gi\u00f3" (Palast der Winde)<\/em> trong ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5. V\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tinh vi, ch\u00ednh di\u1ec7n "\u0110\u00e0i v\u1ecdng gi\u00f3" \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00e1t m\u1ebb, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea7u thi\u1ebfp nh\u00ecn ng\u1eafm sinh ho\u1ea1t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e0i v\u1ecdng gi\u00f3 (Palast der Winde) x\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng sa th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0u h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch<\/p>\n T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i th\u0103m l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i H\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch (Amber Palast) tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i vi Jaipur. Kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch c\u01b0\u1ee1i voi l\u00ean vi\u1ebfng l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng th\u1edbt voi d\u1ec1nh d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4 hoa v\u0103n s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch t\u1eeb c\u1ed5ng Amber v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh. T\u1eeb m\u00e1i l\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e0n v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed5i k\u00e8n, v\u1ed7 ph\u00e8ng la ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng du kh\u00e1ch. C\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n Voi ch\u1edf du kh\u00e1ch vi\u1ebfng l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i H\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch (Amber Palast)<\/p>\n Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Amber nh\u1eafc nh\u1edb ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Barock v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh \u1edf \u00c2u ch\u00e2u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17. Trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc trang nh\u00e3, qu\u00ed ph\u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb7c s\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c to\u00e0 l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi v\u1edbi cung \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh lang gi\u00e1t g\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea9n h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch, ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc ph\u00f9 \u0111i\u00eau hoa b\u01b0\u1edbm b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n L\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i H\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch (Amber Palast)<\/p>\n Nh\u1eb1m l\u00fac c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n n\u1eef sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i. C\u00e1c c\u00f4 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ea7n tr\u1eafng, \u00e1o ng\u1eafn tay m\u00e0u thi\u00ean thanh, s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4i n\u1eafm tay nhau, len l\u1ecfi c\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i qua nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t k\u00e8o, d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i hi\u00ean nghi\u00eang b\u00f3ng n\u1eafng.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c n\u1eef sinh \u0111ang ch\u0103m ch\u00fa nghe gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Amber<\/p>\n Cho t\u1edbi l\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 l\u1eddi, r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1ea4n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi xinh \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 trung l\u01b0u theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c n\u1eef sinh n\u00e0y. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 v\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh m\u1ea3nh, di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc da kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 \u0111en \u0111\u00faa, th\u00f4 k\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n N\u1eef h\u1ecdc sinh \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd, trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1ea4n, l\u1edbn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1ecf, ph\u1ed1 s\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng; nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ghi s\u1ed1. V\u1eady, l\u00e0m sao du kh\u00e1ch d\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u01b0u t\u00edn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ra sao? Anh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, m\u1ed7i khu ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u mang m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 (khu b\u01b0u ch\u00ednh?) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a th\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c n\u1eb1m l\u00f2ng t\u00ean c\u00e1c gia ch\u1ee7 trong khu ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f2n kh\u00e1ch l\u1ea1 \u01b0? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang khu ph\u1ed1, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3\u2026 h\u1ecfi th\u0103m ti\u1ebfp!!!<\/p>\n Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Agra c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 quan th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Taj Mahal l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m du ngo\u1ea1n sau c\u00f9ng, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 cao \u0111i\u1ec3m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i to\u00e0n chuy\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Delhi, \u0111\u00e1p phi c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n Taj Mahal, theo l\u1eddi anh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a "V\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0i", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ef9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea4n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y qua t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng theo nghi th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea3 thi\u00eau, v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n th\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng tr\u1ee5 quanh l\u0103ng m\u1ed9. B\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 th\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y nghi\u00eang ra ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed5, g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 linh thi\u00eang. V\u00f2m l\u0103ng h\u00ecnh chu\u00f4ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u00fap l\u00ean m\u1ed9 l\u0103ng gi\u00e1t phi\u1ebfn c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng, nhu\u1ed9m s\u1eafc theo gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y. B\u00ecnh minh, khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc, l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t cho du kh\u00e1ch chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u1ea3nh s\u1eafc Taj Mahal. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00eam tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n, theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3, l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m to\u1ea3 ng\u1eddi s\u1eafc tr\u1eafng huy\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 kh\u00ed ph\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft ph\u00e1t quang. L\u0103ng t\u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Ba-t\u01b0 Arjuman Bano Begum, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong danh Mumtaj Mahal, ch\u00e1nh phi y\u00eau qu\u00ed nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng Shah Jahan, qua \u0111\u1eddi sau khi h\u1ea1 sinh \u0111\u1ee9a con th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n, h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n 39 tu\u1ed5i (th\u1eadt ra, b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 t\u1edbi hai m\u1ed9 l\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh phi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng sau khi \u00f4ng b\u0103ng h\u00e0).<\/p>\n T\u1eeb c\u1ed5ng l\u0103ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m, x\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng sa th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecf gi\u00e1t phi\u1ebfn c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch tr\u1eafng v\u00e2n vi hoa v\u0103n c\u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00ed, du kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra xa xa to\u00e0 l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m m\u1edd \u1ea3o trong s\u01b0\u01a1ng mai.<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u00e9 v\u00e0o c\u1eeda t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, 750,00 Rupees (kho\u1ea3ng 11,00 \u20ac), nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1ch vi\u1ebfng l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m v\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1eddm n\u01b0\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 \u0111i tr\u1ea9y h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi l\u0103ng th\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady, Taj Mahal l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea4n. Taj Mahal v\u00e0 \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. L\u00e0 th\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch, b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chung thu\u1ef7. \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0o Rabindranath Tagore v\u00ed von trong thi ph\u1ea9m "Shah-Jahan"<\/em> nh\u01b0 "m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i m\u00e1 th\u1eddi gian" <\/em>[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0y du ngo\u1ea1n x\u1ee9 Rajasthan \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m t\u01b0 t\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e0i nguy nga, l\u0103ng t\u1ea9m tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea9y xo\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 v\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh ho\u1ea1t d\u00e2n d\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1eaft t\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i n\u1eb1m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n sinh, m\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p g\u1ea7n 700 t\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ghi kh\u1eafc tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u0103n xin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft m\u00f9 l\u1ed3i ra tr\u1eafng d\u00e3, l\u1ebdo \u0111\u1ebdo theo sau \u0111o\u00e0n du kh\u00e1ch trong c\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Jaisalmer. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1eadu b\u00e9 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ng mai d\u1eaft c\u1eb7p d\u00ea b\u0103ng qua ng\u00e3 ba, h\u1ed1i h\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 s\u1ee3 tr\u1ec5 phi\u00ean ch\u1ee3 s\u1edbm. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nam thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ea7m s\u00f4 nh\u1ef1a nhanh nh\u1eb9n, thu\u1ea7n th\u1ea1o h\u1ed1t d\u1ecdn ph\u00e2n voi trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i Amber, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 c\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hai con d\u00ea ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u00f4 c\u1eeda h\u1eb9p t\u1eeb t\u1ea7ng nh\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n h\u1ed9 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn ph\u1ed1 x\u00e1. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f4i chim b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 ngay b\u1ec7 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1edf Udaipur. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 \u0103n xin v\u1edbi g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t l\u1edf l\u00f3i kh\u1ea9n kho\u1ea3n b\u00e1m theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec1n Sikh v.v\u2026<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u bi quan \u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u00e0o quang c\u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1edbi voi, ng\u1ef1a, l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0 x\u00eanh xang; hoa \u0111\u0103ng ch\u00f3i lo\u00e0. M\u1ed9t gi\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c c\u00f4ng th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng, m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c tr\u1eafng, c\u1ea7u vai v\u00e0 th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecf th\u1ed5i k\u00e8n, v\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng, nh\u1ecbp ph\u00e8ng la inh \u1ecfi. Quan kh\u00e1ch t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng nh\u1ea3y m\u00faa, \u0111\u00f3n m\u1eebng c\u1ed7 song m\u00e3 ch\u1edf ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 qu\u1ea5n th\u00eau kim tuy\u1ebfn, m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n ch\u1ebdn, \u00e1o d\u00e0i g\u1ea5m v\u00e0ng, ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o s\u00e2n y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c. N\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam t\u00f4i t\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea5c, v\u0103ng v\u1eb3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ebfng ph\u00e1o b\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m ti\u1ec7c. Cho\u00e0ng d\u1eady, v\u00e9n r\u00e8m nh\u00ecn ra. Xa xa, b\u00f4ng ph\u00e1o to\u1ea3 s\u1eafc tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00eam Jaipur. G\u1ea7n h\u01a1n, hai \u0111\u1ed1m m\u1eaft con b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u m\u00e1i \u0111ang \u1ea5p tr\u1ee9ng ngay b\u1ec7 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 xo\u00e1y nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i, l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edbp.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng h\u1ed1 th\u1eb3m ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n \u1ea4n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3. H\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p h\u1ea1 ti\u1ec7n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch "l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh tr\u00e1nh d\u1eef", t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p duy\u00ean thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ki\u1ebfp sau. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch, vui v\u1ebb v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 tha nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n d\u1eebng xe, th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fa l\u01a1 xe loay hoay l\u1eafp r\u00e1p xe l\u0103n th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng x\u00f4 l\u1ea1i, \u00e2n c\u1ea7n han h\u1ecfi. L\u1ea9n th\u1ea9n ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch, ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ebd h\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng sau \u0111\u00f3. D\u00f9 g\u00ec \u0111i n\u1eefa, m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i an d\u1ea1. C\u00e0ng an d\u1ea1 h\u01a1n, khi t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng v\u0103n minh "\u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00fai" c\u00f9ng ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac "nh\u00e0 cao \u1ed1c" ch\u01b0a l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm quang c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ed1 s\u00e1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00f4 v\u1ecb bi\u1ebft bao, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, trong c\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Bikaner, Jaisalmer, \u2026 n\u01b0\u1eddm n\u01b0\u1ee3p kh\u00e1ch v\u00e3ng lai tai \u0111eo m\u00e1y nghe nh\u1ea1c iPod<\/em>, iPhone<\/em> m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea5t trong t\u00fai, trong x\u00e1ch tay m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i con th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i b\u1eadt l\u00ean t\u00edn nh\u1ea1c, hay m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y iPad<\/em> m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec3n v\u1edf tr\u1ebb con. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 \u1edf Jodhpur, Udaipur, \u2026 b\u1ecb san b\u1eb1ng, nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u00e2n k\u1ef3, l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Trung hoa l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t nam hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tin m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3o, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m c\u1ea3nh kinh ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i th\u1ea9n tha suy t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1edb sao n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh huy ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gieo \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, ch\u1ee3t d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t? \u0110o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u00e2m linh \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o, H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 c\u00f9ng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c c\u00e0-ri v\u00e0 \u0103n b\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c \u1ea4n tr\u00e0n qua T\u00edch-lan, Mi\u1ebfn-\u0111i\u1ec7n, Xi\u00eam-la, M\u00e3-lai-\u00e1, Chi\u00eam th\u00e0nh, Ai-lao, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t. V\u00ec d\u00e3y Tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01a1n hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8o H\u1ea3i v\u00e2n \u1edf h\u01b0\u1edbng nam kh\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u0103ng? Ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i, v\u00ec ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n c\u00f2n gi\u1ecfi giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, m\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u1ea4n t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Nam d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng v\u1eady? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5. Ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch \u0103n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u0169a du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t nam qua ng\u00f5 Trung hoa. V\u0103n t\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea3y may n\u00e0o t\u1eeb Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t nung, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebdo \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Kh\u1edd-me \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea7y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ebf thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ebf th\u00edch v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t qu\u1ea5n s\u00e0-r\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 th\u1ea3 b\u00f2 ch\u1ea1y t\u1ee9 t\u00e1n ngo\u00e0i \u0111u\u1eddng. Trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00eam n\u1ebfm m\u00f3n \u0103n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eafng v\u1ebb vang v\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u00e0-ri. V\u00e0 m\u00f3n \u0103n \u1ea4n ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1edf th\u00edch \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t nam, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ea5y m\u00f3n \u0103n ch\u01a1i b\u00e1nh r\u00ea, b\u00e1nh cay. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e0-v\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y \u00f4ng chuy\u00ean ngh\u1ec1 b\u00e1n v\u1ea3i \u1edf S\u00e0i g\u00f2n d\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecd n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch, t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00eam l\u1eadt s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0i trang d\u1ed7 gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7. Quy\u1ec3n ba trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft b\u1ed1n t\u1eadp "Das Meer der Fruchtbarkeit"<\/em> ("Bi\u1ec3n n\u0103ng sinh"<\/em>) c\u1ee7a Yukio Mishima. T\u00ecnh c\u1edd, t\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh Honda du l\u1ecbch sang \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc \u1ea4n. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng trang t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh t\u1ebf th\u1ea7n s\u00fac v\u1eadt, ho\u1ea3 thi\u00eau t\u1eed thi, nghi th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o thanh t\u1ea9y b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n "Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 Benares l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng mang t\u00ednh th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u1eafp r\u00e1c r\u01b0\u1edfi. Ven l\u1ec1 con h\u1ebbm h\u1eb9p, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t tia \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi xuy\u00ean qua n\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng m\u00e1ng x\u1ed1i m\u00e1i nh\u00e0, san s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng qu\u00e1n b\u00e1n tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, th\u1ecbt lu\u1ed9c s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c, ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t chi\u00eam tinh gia \u0111ang b\u00f3i qu\u1ebb, ch\u1ed7 kia \u0111ang c\u00e2n l\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t m\u00ec cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u1eadp ng\u1ee5a m\u00f9i h\u00f4i, h\u01a1i \u1ea9m, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. R\u1eddi n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, Honda v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean ra t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ven s\u00f4ng, s\u1eafp l\u1edbp hai b\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111ang m\u1ecdp ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u0169 r\u01b0\u1ee3i, van xin, trong khi ch\u1edd ch\u1ebft. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 chim b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u. N\u0103m gi\u1edd chi\u1ec1u, tr\u1eddi n\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t lon nh\u00f4m, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1t \u0103n xin \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1edb ti\u1ec1n xu \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9i c\u00f3 con m\u1eaft m\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecf h\u1ecfn, b\u00e0n tay s\u1ee9t ng\u00f3n gi\u01a1 l\u00ean c\u1ea3nh tr\u1eddi chi\u1ec1u, tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y d\u00e2u b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5i c\u00e0nh." [2]<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, bao gi\u1edd t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng. D\u00f9 sao, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch n\u1ea5u tr\u00e0 Chai. Xin ghi l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c pha ch\u1ebf, coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 mang t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea4n g\u1edfi t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 Da m\u00e0u:<\/p>\n Tr\u00e0 Chai<\/em> hay tr\u00e0 Masala<\/em><\/strong>:<\/p>\n V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cho 4-6 t\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n – H\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng (4-5 hoa)<\/p>\n – \u0110inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng (3-4 b\u00fap)<\/p>\n – Qu\u1ebf h\u01b0\u01a1ng (1 th\u1ecfi)<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1eadu kh\u1ea5u (cardamom<\/em>, kho\u1ea3ng 6-7 h\u1ea1t)<\/p>\n – M\u1ed9t mu\u1ed7ng c\u00e0-ph\u00ea h\u1ea1t ti\u1ec3u h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng (fennel<\/em>)<\/p>\n – V\u00e0i l\u00e1t g\u1eebng.<\/p>\n – Tr\u00e0 Assam \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 (ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e0 \u0111en, 3 mu\u1ed7ng s\u00fap)<\/p>\n – N\u01b0\u1edbc (2-3 t\u00e1ch)<\/p>\n – S\u1eefa t\u01b0\u01a1i (4-5 t\u00e1ch)<\/p>\n – \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (\u00edt nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ef3 kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb)<\/p>\n C\u00e1ch n\u1ea5u:<\/p>\n Cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gia v\u1ecb k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb tr\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u s\u00f4i b\u00f9ng, khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u. V\u1eb7n l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eady n\u1eafp, n\u1ea5u li\u00eau ri\u00eau th\u00eam 1 ph\u00fat. Cho tr\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u1ea5u s\u00f4i. L\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf n\u1ea5u th\u00eam 10-15 ph\u00fat. L\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf gia v\u1ecb. Cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u1ef3 kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Ch\u00fac qu\u00ed v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c ngon mi\u1ec7ng t\u00e1ch tr\u00e0 Chai x\u1ee9 \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n (th\u00e1ng 2. 2012)<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/strong>:<\/p>\n [1]<\/a> http:\/\/www.parabaas.com\/rabindranath\/articles\/kMartin1.html<\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<\/a><\/p>\n\n
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