{"id":21118,"date":"2011-08-30T00:34:00","date_gmt":"2011-08-30T00:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/archives\/21118"},"modified":"2022-02-27T11:48:30","modified_gmt":"2022-02-27T11:48:30","slug":"sach-dien-tu-se-thay-doi-viec-doc-va-viet-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/21118\/sach-dien-tu-se-thay-doi-viec-doc-va-viet-nhu-the-nao","title":{"rendered":"S&aacute;ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v&agrave; vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n&agrave;o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"right\">L\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb v\u0103n b\u1ea3n <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=122026529&amp;sc=nl&amp;cc=nh-20091230\">\u201cHow E-Books Will Change Reading And Writing\u201d<\/a><br \/>\n\u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean trang m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a <em>National Public Radio<\/em>, 30\/12\/2009<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nicholas Carr t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft trong t\u1edd <em>The Atlantic<\/em>, \u00f4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Internet \u0111ang cho luy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1i ki\u1ec3u b\u1ecb chia tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m l\u00f4i k\u00e9o s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1edbi? Carr ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p>Khi s\u00e1ch in b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1edd chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y in Gutenberg, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Carr n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, s\u00e1ch in l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0n \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1. Nh\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Rick Moody g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u1eed vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean trang m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Twitter. Moody n\u00f3i \u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u1edfi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ebft t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n truy\u1ec7n v\u1eafn t\u1eaft trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n 140 m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u0103ng l\u00ean Twitter.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft cho Twitter gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 Haiku, Moody c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Tuy \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed, \u00f4ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi ng\u1edd ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Twitter. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i Twitter \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o truy\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong kho\u1ea3ng h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i h\u1ed9p Twitter.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh s\u00e1ch Lev Grossman c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp san Time th\u00ec ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean Twitter l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu \u0111ang qua. Grossman ngh\u0129 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n r\u1ea5t ch\u1ea1y \u1edf Nh\u1eadt. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, v\u00e0 truy\u1ec7n di\u1ec5m t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p>Grossman n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111i mau, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Truy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi k\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3nh tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang, t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f3m l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu bu\u00f4ng ra.<\/p>\n<p>Grossman c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y Kindle c\u1ee7a Amazon.com. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n xu\u1ed1ng thay v\u00ec l\u1eadt trang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c d\u01b0 v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadt qua. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0\u1edbt qua \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n. Ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn mua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng, v\u00e0 Grossman cho r\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n \u201cc\u00f3 m\u00e1u tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng ngay cu\u1ed1i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n th\u1ee9 hai.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea3 Grossman, Moody, v\u00e0 Carr \u0111\u1ec1u tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u01b0ng Carr n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u2013 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ch\u00fang \u2013 c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai hay kh\u00f4ng. Li\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch in c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd 10 n\u0103m n\u1eefa m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"right\">.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<br \/>\nNh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nicholas Carr t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft trong t\u1edd The Atlantic&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1745,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,182],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21118","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-tap-luan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21118","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1745"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21118"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21118\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54633,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21118\/revisions\/54633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21118"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21118"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21118"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}