{"id":20163,"date":"2011-05-30T00:05:00","date_gmt":"2011-05-30T00:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/archives\/20163"},"modified":"2022-02-23T22:48:19","modified_gmt":"2022-02-23T22:48:19","slug":"tro-chuyen-voi-ly-doi-va-bui-chat-khuoc-tu-thoa-hiep-de-lua-chon-tu-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/20163\/tro-chuyen-voi-ly-doi-va-bui-chat-khuoc-tu-thoa-hiep-de-lua-chon-tu-do","title":{"rendered":"Trò chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Lý \u0110\u1ee3i và Bùi Chát: Kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ef1 do"},"content":{"rendered":"

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V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2010, khi nh\u00f3m M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m th\u00f4ng qua \u201cc\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n 9 n\u0103m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u201cnh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ng\u1ea7m trong th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi\u201d (nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ANA- <\/em>Artsnetworkasia<\/em><\/a>). Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i k\u0129 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xung quanh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua email. T\u1eeb ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y v\u00e0i b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n hay vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n l\u1ea7n 2 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9\/1\/2011, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n. Nh\u00e2n nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n xoay quanh B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n th\u1eddi gian qua, t\u00f4i xin ph\u00e9p, qua s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u00f2n d\u1edf dang n\u00e0y. Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t cho cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y. <\/em><\/p>\n

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N.T. Th\u01b0a anh, l\u00fd do v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o (v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v.v) d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L.\u0110: (L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i): M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t, l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Th\u00e1nh kinh<\/i>: \u201cKh\u1edfi thu\u1ef7 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi\u201d, v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2000 – xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2001. M\u00e0 kh\u1edfi thu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng [Open-Mouth]. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i, Kh\u00fac Duy, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng Nam-\u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng [mi\u1ec1n Trung Vi\u1ec7t Nam] v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb H\u1ed1 Nai [mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9], m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n di c\u01b0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong \u0111\u1ee3t ph\u00e2n chia \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1954. L\u00fd do ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n – v\u1ed1n \u0111ang tr\u1ecb v\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, quan li\u00eau. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec mu\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. Sau n\u1eefa, th\u00ec d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, m\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u201ckhai b\u00e1o\u201d ra, ch\u1eafc t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea5y m\u1ef1c l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n

B.C (B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t): V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001, sau khi V\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n s\u00e1u m\u1eb7t<\/i> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00edt d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong gi\u1edbi v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i [4 trong s\u1ed1 6 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean, g\u1ed3m: B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t, Kh\u00fac Duy, L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u00e1n] quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ra \u0111\u1eddi M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, v\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 do nh\u01b0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. N\u00f3i r\u00f5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00f3; trong l\u00fac ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb (ngo\u00e0i 20), m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, cho ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt\u2026 c\u00e0ng khao kh\u00e1t ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 phi l\u00fd, tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 cam ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u trong sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng.<\/p>\n

N.T: V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh v\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc (v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 website li\u00ean m\u1ea1ng Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i) c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00ec t\u1edbi c\u00e1c anh? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L.\u0110: Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh (sinh n\u0103m 1957), v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f3 g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 anh, g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh c\u00f9ng n\u0103m nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Thi\u1ec1u, Inrasara, Tr\u1ea7n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng\u2026 Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m, s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a anh. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 2001, nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp th\u01a1 photocopy c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecdn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean l\u1ec1, hay \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda, n\u1eeda kia \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf trong. T\u1ea1i VN, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u0111i hai h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n photocopy, trong 10 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 in v\u00e0i t\u1eadp t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. Ngay t\u1eeb khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch in ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c photocopy th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac \u2013 n\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n photocopy, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i VN. D\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec vinh quang c\u1ea3; \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00fd ra, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb th\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c website m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Talawas, Ti\u1ec1n V\u1ec7, eV\u0103n, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Th\u01a1, H\u1ee3p L\u01b0u, Da M\u00e0u, Gi\u00f3 O\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau n\u0103m 2002. Khi M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, trong gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7m vi\u1ebft \u0111a ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi email v\u00e0 website, ngay ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft tay, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cth\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d (theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9 l\u00ean v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1ng) d\u00f9ng email \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edfi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng website \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Th\u01a1 (do Kh\u1ebf I\u00eam ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean) v\u00e0 H\u1ee3p L\u01b0u (do Kh\u00e1nh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean) \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn website v\u1eeba nh\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft th\u00ec nh\u00f3m M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i 10 n\u0103m c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f4i pha.<\/p>\n

B.C: Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt m\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebf th\u1eeba n\u00e0o, M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m sao kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho ra \u0111\u1eddi M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a anh Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh hay c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Talawas, Ti\u1ec1n V\u1ec7, eV\u0103n, Da M\u00e0u\u2026 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00e1c sau n\u00e0y\u2026, Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

N.T: T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0 L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m in \u201cch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng in photocopy. V\u1eady vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do \u201cb\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh? <\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

B.C: \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n ng\u1ed3i \u1edf gh\u1ebf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ri\u00eang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eebng g\u1eedi v\u00e0i b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e1o khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean, L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i c\u0169ng v\u1eady; kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecb l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m in \u201cch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang tuy vi\u1ec7c in \u201cch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5. Khi \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c cho ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea9m m\u0129, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n \u00fd th\u1ee9c: l\u00e0m th\u01a1 ki\u1ec3u M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 in ki\u1ec3u M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u00ean t\u1eadp vi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y d\u00f9 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u1ecd, thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn theo g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

L.\u0110: Suy cho c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua b\u00e1n, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, bi\u1ebfu t\u1eb7ng\u2026 Cho n\u00ean, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn hay h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng cho vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, th\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 vi\u1ec7c in \u1ea5n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng hay ngo\u00e0i lu\u1ed3ng, ch\u1eb3ng qua c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y, l\u00fac m\u00e0 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

N.T. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi: B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t, L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i, Kh\u00fac Duy, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u00e1n. Xin anh cho bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t v\u00e0 L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i. S\u1ef1 gia nh\u1eadp nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0o, th\u01b0a anh?<\/i><\/p>\n

L\u0110: Ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0o, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng h\u1ed9i ph\u00ed. Ch\u01a1i nh\u01b0 MM kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu ch\u01a1i, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1i, v\u1eady r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0m g\u00ec. C\u00f3 l\u00fac M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh 8-10 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, v\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ee3i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n gia nh\u1eadp, c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh tinh th\u1ea7n M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng chung, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng lu\u00f4n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

BC: M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 mang t\u00ednh m\u1edf thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ec9 lu\u1eadt hay c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang tinh th\u1ea7n M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng c\u00f3 4 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea3; v\u00ec v\u1eady khi ch\u1ecb th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c khi kh\u00e1c m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

N.T Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u201ck\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean l\u1ec1\u201d c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc (identity) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n anh?<\/i><\/p>\n

L.\u0110: R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0m n\u00ean M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn do th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean l\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 do n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

B.C: Khi ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u201ck\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean l\u1ec1\u201d v\u1edbi t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn danh ti\u1ebfng, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 phi\u1ebfm n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tranh gi\u00e0nh, t\u1ef1 ki\u00eau, hay s\u1ee3 s\u1ec7t; kh\u00f4ng ai ganh t\u1ef5 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 b\u1ec7 b\u1ea1n. C\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, nh\u01b0 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec3 l\u1edbn, b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 b\u01a1i, c\u1ee9 b\u01a1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c\u2026 Nh\u1eefng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u01a1i th\u1eadt xa th\u1eadt l\u00e2u trong m\u1ecdi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

N.T. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean l\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi x\u00e1c l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do n\u00f3i chung n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 v\u1ed1n m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 h\u01a1n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n nay. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u00e0y s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u201cb\u01a1i xa, b\u01a1i l\u00e2u trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d hay kh\u00f4ng. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0u sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh, d\u00f9 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb n\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0u sinh c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec t\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi v\u1eady, v\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u2013 v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec anh l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0o \u2013 m\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edf VN lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh l\u00e0 \u201cc\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng\u201d. <\/i><\/p>\n

B.C: T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd n\u00f3i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean l\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean l\u1ec1 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n cho m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c; t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/i>, v\u00ec theo t\u00f4i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u (g\u1ed1i), n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u00ean l\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i \u2013 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u2013 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 ch\u00fat n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00ed s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o; m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 phi\u00eau l\u01b0u, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u0129 m\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, ho\u1eb7c lo s\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u k\u1ecbp, s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng, s\u1ee3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng\u2026 n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. Theo t\u00f4i, trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay. C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u01b0 Rabelais, Cervantes, Shakespeare, Whitman, Emily Dickinson, H\u1ed3 Xu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng, Duchamp, Andy Warhol\u2026, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t theo t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong khi s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n d\u1eb1n v\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n\u2026 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 do, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c g\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i phi\u00eau l\u01b0u trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin m\u1edbi l\u00e0m cho ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111i xa v\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00e2u trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0u sinh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c trong khi r\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n (bi\u00ean t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch, vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i, trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n m\u0129 thu\u1eadt\u2026). Kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, h\u1eafn ta c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ecdi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n chung c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i t\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

L.\u0110: Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho th\u1ea5y: ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111ang l\u00e0m; tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0i n\u1eef s\u0129 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 Ono no Komachi (825-900) c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt, Tuy\u1ebft \u0110\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2n Y c\u1ee7a Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean\u2026 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u00f2i b\u00fat, v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eed li\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd t\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ebfm, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u0129 mi\u1ec7ng ch\u00fat n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf trong t\u00f9, v\u1eady m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0y. \u0110\u01a1n c\u1eed m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gia g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Pramoedya Ananta Toer (1925\u20132006) c\u1ee7a Indonesia, trong 14 n\u0103m t\u00f9 kh\u1ed5 sai \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Buru, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean T\u1ee9 t\u1ea5u Buru <\/i>(The Buru Quartet) theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u00f9 nghe, v\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m gi\u1ea5y b\u00fat, ai ra t\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1, ai ra sau th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, ngo\u00e0i t\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean t\u1eadp vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n g\u00f3p nh\u1eb7t, khi ra t\u00f9, Toer c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o. \u0110\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft b\u1ed9 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0103n s\u00e2u b\u1ecd, b\u1ecb giam bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ebfc tai. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e9t x\u1eed. Hay nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea3n t\u1ec9nh, h\u1ecd t\u1eebng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i, h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1eb9t (theo c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh) v\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i, \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef v\u0103n\/b\u00e1o ch\u00ed chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p (nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i) n\u00ean th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef\/t\u01b0 duy b\u00e1o ch\u00ed r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef\/t\u01b0 duy v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Cho d\u00f9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i VN th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi v\u0103n\/b\u00e1o b\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec m\u01b0\u1ee3n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd tin c\u00e1i c\u00e2u \u201cg\u1ea7n b\u00f9n m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng h\u00f4i tanh m\u00f9i b\u00f9n\u201d, s\u1ef1 tanh h\u00f4i l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, d\u00f9 \u00edt d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u201coan nghi\u1ec7t\u201d, khi th\u1eed nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 xem, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, Nguy\u1ec5n Du, Nguy\u1ec5n B\u1ec9nh Khi\u00eam, Cao B\u00e1 Qu\u00e1t\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb giai c\u1ea5p quan l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u01a1, vi\u1ebft v\u0103n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd v\u00ed m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, ai c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eddi. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 xem, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y b\u00fat n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y. H\u1eefu Loan v\u1ec1 Thanh H\u00f3a th\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1, \u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; Phan Kh\u00f4i x\u00f4ng x\u00e1o trong l\u00e0ng b\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu, Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Ch\u1ebf Lan Vi\u00ean, Huy C\u1eadn\u2026 th\u00ec qu\u00e1 r\u00f5. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng, th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 c\u1ee7a VN \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi do ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

N.T Trong \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u201ch\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi x\u00e1c l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201ch\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chung chung. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c anh l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u0129 h\u1ecdc hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c anh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L\u0110: Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u0129 h\u1ecdc\u2026 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, im l\u1eb7ng hay c\u00e2m mi\u1ec7ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u1eady M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, sao tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, ngay c\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7n V\u0103n h\u1ecdc, H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, H\u1ed9i sinh \u0111\u1ebb, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u2026 c\u0169ng do \u0110\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd – \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

BC: C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y ch\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u1ed1n bao h\u00e0m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tr\u00ean? S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o nhau nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 \u0111\u1eadm ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ri\u00eang b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

N.T: C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i c\u0169ng gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d, theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, theo c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9\u2026 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u00edt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n x\u00e1c l\u1eadp v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, d\u00f9 h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o. Theo \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 b\u1edfi mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, trong quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i\u2026 hay kh\u00f4ng? Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh vi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t b\u0103n kho\u0103n r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t m\u0129 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca kh\u00f4ng? N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi Th\u01a1? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L\u0110: Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i \u201cb\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t m\u0129 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 ca\u201d m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 g\u00ec. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n r\u1eb1ng – nh\u01b0 Aristoteles t\u1eebng n\u00f3i: con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb – v\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. M\u00e0 th\u01a1, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u, th\u00ec c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 th\u01a1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb?<\/p>\n

BC: T\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u1eady th\u00ec, nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng trong \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb chung m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00f4n h\u00f2a t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n; b\u1edfi t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u0129 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfp ngh\u0129, c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt d\u0129 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m nay, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/i> \u0111\u00f3 sao! T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. C\u00e1i kh\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri, ri\u00eang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. T\u00f4i lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

N.T C\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng d\u00f9ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> c\u1ea3. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, r\u00fat c\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u00f3m theo nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n. C\u00e1c anh ngh\u0129 sao v\u1ec1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y?<\/i><\/p>\n

L.\u0110: T\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh, truy\u1ec7n tranh\u2026 ai d\u00e1m kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c b\u1edfi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i n\u00e0o nghi\u00eam c\u1ea5m vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c nh\u00f3m hay t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01a1n c\u1eed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u1eed thi d\u00e2n gian, truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nhu\u1eadn s\u1eafc. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 th\u1eddi Nh\u00e2n v\u0103n \u2013 Giai ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp nh\u00f3m nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu chung \u201cm\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u00e1n\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e8 xu\u1ed1ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c v\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n <\/i>v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u201cv\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n\u2026<\/p>\n

M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecdc H\u1eebm b\u00e0 l\u1ea7n<\/i> c\u1ee7a Kh\u00fac Duy, B\u00e0i th\u01a1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea7n<\/i> c\u1ee7a B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t v\u00e0 Khi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ta bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7<\/i> c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i \u2013 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n\u201d hay h\u00e0nh vi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. N\u00f3i chung, v\u1edbi v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, hay \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

BC: Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y; M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi (\u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 2), nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u0111i n\u1eefa ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 hay t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o sai khi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 trong nh\u00f3m Dada, Si\u00eau th\u1ef1c\u2026 d\u00f9 ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng chung qui c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

N.T. Xin c\u00e1c anh cho bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 nxb Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chung. <\/i><\/p>\n

– C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n D\u1ef1 \u00e1n C\u00f3 j d\u00f9ng g\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng n\u1ea5y? <\/i><\/p>\n

– D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i hay quan ni\u1ec7m\/th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01a1 xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i?<\/i><\/p>\n

– D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cX\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i\u201d c\u1ee7a B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t. Anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp Xin l\u1ed7i ch\u1ecbu h\u1ed5ng n\u1ed5<\/b>i \u201cTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01a1 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba \u2013 th\u01a1 r\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t?\u201d. \u201cTh\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01a1\u201d n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u201cnh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t\u201d l\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0o? <\/i><\/p>\n

<\/i><\/p>\n

BC: C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m: V\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n s\u00e1u m\u1eb7t<\/i> (t\u1eadp th\u01a1 6 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3), M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng<\/i> (t\u1eadp th\u01a1 4 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3); quy m\u00f4 h\u01a1n th\u00ec c\u00f3: Khoan c\u1eaft b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/i> (t\u1eadp th\u01a1 chung 23 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3), C\u00f3 j\u00ec d\u00f9ng j\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng n\u1ea5y<\/i> (g\u1ed3m 1 t\u1eadp th\u01a1 chung 47 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp th\u01a1 ri\u00eang kh\u00e1c\u2026), sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c in \u1ea5n c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c\u2026.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, d\u00e0i l\u00e2u. Kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp V\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n s\u00e1u m\u1eb7t<\/i>, t\u00f4i v\u00e0 L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng & c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp th\u01a1 phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. Sau khi t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 trong 6 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o v\u1ec1 quan ni\u1ec7m, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng; th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng.<\/i> C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n sau n\u00e0y <\/i>l\u00e0 cao tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec7u, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; Khoan c\u1eaft b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/i> v\u00e0 C\u00f3 j\u00ec d\u00f9ng j\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng n\u1ea5y<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean k\u00e8m theo ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00e1c cho th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 cho t\u00ednh thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec1 cao t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p (v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169 k\u0129 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu) th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ngay khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\u2026<\/p>\n

Khoan c\u1eaft b\u00ea t\u00f4ng<\/i> v\u00e0 C\u00f3 j\u00ec d\u00f9ng j\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng n\u1ea5y <\/i>l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3i h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng giam h\u00e3m, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 khoan, c\u1eaft th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (c\u00f3 j\u00ec d\u00f9ng j\u00ec) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3, t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u2026 <\/i>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n C\u00f3 j\u00ec d\u00f9ng j\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u1ea5y d\u00f9ng n\u1ea5y<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10\/2007 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt chung s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

X\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/i> l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u2018th\u01a1 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba\u2019 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i g\u1ed3m 333 b\u00e0i, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004. \u2018Th\u01a1 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba\u2019 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m nay. Trong l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a t\u1eadp Xin l\u1ed7i ch\u1ecbu h\u1ed5ng n\u1ed5i<\/i> (1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a X\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbp tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/i>), t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft: \u201cVi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01a1 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba \u2013 th\u01a1 r\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00fd th\u1ee9c & tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, theo thi\u1ec3n \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng & nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 (c\u00f3 l\u1ebd) mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n ho\u00e1\/ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d<\/i>. Th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i vui mang h\u00e0m \u00fd gi\u1ec5u nh\u1ea1i, v\u00ec ch\u1ecb bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5y, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2u ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u01b0\u1ee3m l\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u01b0\u1ee3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3m r\u00e1c\u2026<\/p>\n

L\u0110: T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VN l\u00e2u nay l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n, t\u00ednh h\u1ed9i h\u00e8 v\u00e0 ham h\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb danh ti\u1ebfng. B\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u1ea5y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng\/l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Khi ta n\u00f3i th\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kia\u2026 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy l\u00ean m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu t\u01b0 duy khung s\u01b0\u1eddn c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 th\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 theo. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ta \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u201cQuan ni\u1ec7m\/th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u01a1 xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, v\u00ec t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 s\u1ebd khai th\u00e1c l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef, t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef\u2026 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

N.T. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01a1 ca c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n <\/i>Nam<\/i> v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc? Quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c anh \u2013 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng hay c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c anh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u00ecnh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a h\u00f4m nay?<\/i><\/p>\n

L.\u0110: Khi b\u1ea1n (m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21) n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1o v\u0103n, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i. B\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch g\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ea5p c\u1ed5 b\u00e9 h\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u1eady th\u00ec, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u01a1 ca ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u th\u01a1 – \u1ea5y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i d\u1eb1ng d\u1eb7c. Ca dao c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cV\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a b\u1ec1 b\u1ec1\/ Th\u1ea7n l\u1ed3n \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u0169ng m\u00ea m\u1ea9n \u0111\u1eddi\u201d \u2013 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed3n th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, Nc\u00f3 \u00edch hay c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

BC: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng v\u1eady th\u00f4i, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01a1 ca d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 kh\u1eafng kh\u00edt, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1 v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c (hehe). Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt th\u00e0 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, n\u00f3i r\u00f5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u0103n d\u0129 t\u1ea3i (\u00e2m) \u0111\u1ea1o, ho\u1eb7c Thi d\u0129 ng\u00f4n (ch\u00ed) ch\u00f3e, ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 cung \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u00e1m v\u00e1y quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n c\u1ea3. May m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn: xa r\u1eddi quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\/t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\u2026 B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef N\u00f4m, \u0111\u1ebfn nay truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf k\u1ec9, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra kho\u1ea3ng 5 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec \u0111\u00e0nh ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

N.T. M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 nxb Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u201cph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng\u201d trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a An ninh v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u2026 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1c anh trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L.\u0110: C\u00e1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd ch\u1ee9 sao h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: d\u00f9 sao \u0111i n\u1eefa th\u00ec t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. B\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u00ean b\u1edd v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t vong.<\/p>\n

BC: Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00ec v\u1eady l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p th\u00fa v\u1ecb. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 ra h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

NT: Trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch M\u00f9a thu \u0110\u1ee9c 1989 c\u1ee7a Egon Krenz (\u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea d\u1ecbch, Alfabooks & nxb C\u00f4ng an nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, 2010), \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng sau khi b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng <\/i>Berlin<\/i> s\u1ee5p, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t, hai n\u0103m sau, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u201ch\u1ecfi h\u1ecd\u201d, n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0nh h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c anh v\u1eady th\u00f4i. D\u00f9 sao, t\u1ef1 do v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, nh\u1eefng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft th\u00f4i<\/i>.<\/p>\n

L\u0110: Khi b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. T\u1ef1 do v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n\u201d cho m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng cho t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (\u00edt nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy) th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n. T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y bu\u1ed3n khi \u0111a ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat c\u00f3 suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec, n\u00ean c\u1ee9 vi\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1i khung \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. N\u00ean nh\u1edb kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a VN l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u2013 t\u1ef1 do \u2013 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d.<\/p>\n

BC: T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi ch\u1ecb l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0ng cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef1 do v\u0103n h\u00f3a, t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn th\u00ec t\u00f4i e r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 ai \u0111\u00f3 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang\/s\u1ebd l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb. Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do v\u0103n h\u00f3a, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. L\u00e0m sao m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

N.T. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m th\u01a1, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 samizdat. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 samizdat hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chia samizdat qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, g\u1eafn v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u201cto\u00e0n tr\u1ecb\u201d nh\u01b0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 th\u1eddi k\u00ec h\u1eadu Stalin hay \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1eadu k\u00ec c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 samizdat \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t do b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c zines \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Hoa K\u00ec. C\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 samizdat \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1c anh ngh\u0129 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p hay c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng? <\/i><\/p>\n

BC: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 samizdat \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Nh\u00ecn chung th\u00ec samizdat ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i sau 1975 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd do s\u1ef1 h\u00e0 kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, r\u1ed3i s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Samizdat ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1edf r\u1ed9 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 90 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u1edbi nay m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t do s\u1ef1 tham gia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u1edfi m\u1edf cho to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y photocopy, computer, m\u00e1y in c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Internet tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u00f5 ng\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd m\u1ecdi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i vi) lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. N\u00f3 \u00e2m \u1ec9, b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, nh\u1ecf nhoi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng cho m\u1ecdi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

L.\u0110. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o (\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n) v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u00fd do v\u1ec1 samizdat \u1edf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 n\u00f3i ra, e kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u1edf VN l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. Ai kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm t\u1ef1 do cho m\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3u samizdat; nh\u1eefng ai an ph\u1eadn v\u1edbi th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ph\u00e1t, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng n\u00ean t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng h\u1ecd th\u00f4i. VN t\u1ecf ra ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t g\u1eaft gao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111a ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1eabn lu\u1ed3n c\u00fai tr\u00f4ng c\u1eady v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1eddi (internet), nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 xin ph\u00e9p xu\u1ea5n b\u1ea3n, hi v\u1ecdng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

N.T: T\u1eeb c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129\/c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean amazon kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfm \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u M\u0129, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u01a1n cho s\u1ef1 ra m\u1eaft t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Theo c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u, t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n (v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng) \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t (nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi samizdat \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean X\u00f4, \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u h\u1eadu Stalin, \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 \u0111ang nh\u1eadp d\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Minh Ch\u00e2u t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u01a1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201ct\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n\u201d n\u00e0y h\u01a1n?). T\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng\/kh\u00e1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. B\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u201c\u0111\u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t\u201d ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. \u201cCh\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u00e9p (trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf VN c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u201ct\u1ef1 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a\u201d theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u00e1ch t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng \u201cgi\u1ea5y t\u1edd\u201d c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p) th\u00ec h\u01a1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00e1 ch\u0103ng? Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i trung t\u00e2m di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111a trung t\u00e2m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m m\u1edbi\u2026 V\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i, theo t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft, d\u00f9 trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1edbm c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n t\u00e2m th\u1ebf t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u1edf c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u01a1. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t hay ph\u1ea3i lu\u1ed3n c\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 chui qua c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u1ea7n xem \u201ct\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n\u201d nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi \u201cb\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch (ch\u1ec9) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n \u1eedng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 do\u2026T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 h\u01a1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00f3a hay \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng. Anh ngh\u0129 sao? <\/i><\/p>\n

L\u0110: Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ai c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o chung c\u1ee7a xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n VN l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, 11 n\u0103m qua (t\u1eeb 2000 \u0111\u1ebfn 2010), ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u201c\u0111\u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng\u201d t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u00ec hai l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh: th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1i khung c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng); ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00ec h\u1ecd lo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p). M\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p (d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. Trong khi t\u1ef1 do hay \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u01a1n c\u1eed: B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eebng ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 xong chuy\u1ec7n, b\u1edfi v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, thu h\u1ed3i s\u00e1ch khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Cho n\u00ean, t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf VN s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u author house \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u M\u1ef9. Ri\u00eang c\u00e1i \u00fd m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9\u201d th\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00f2i b\u00fat ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 suy ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 th\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 th\u1eddi n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn th\u1ecbnh\/suy, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh. C\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu xin ph\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, theo t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a khi r\u1eddi v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu ai c\u0169ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i t\u1ef1 do ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. T\u1ef1 do hay \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o: xin ph\u00e9p, t\u1ef1 in hay b\u00e1n b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o\u2026 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00f5 c\u1eeda ch\u1ea1y quanh, th\u1ebf b\u00ed, ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u01a1, th\u00ec m\u1edbi t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i b\u1ea1n hay b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111ang \u201c\u0111\u00e1p xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t hay ph\u1ea3i lu\u1ed3n c\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 chui qua c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf c\u00e1ch ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\/t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

N.T. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i \u1edf \u00fd \u201cB\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eebng ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 xong chuy\u1ec7n, b\u1edfi v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, thu h\u1ed3i s\u00e1ch khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng\u201d. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 b\u0103n kho\u0103n r\u1eb1ng, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\/s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u201cphi ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t, \u0103n x\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng mang quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o trong v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. V\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u00f4i th\u00fac t\u00f4i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\/t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a anh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, b\u1edfi t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00edt tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n hay c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1ebf tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ch\u0103ng? Xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c anh th\u1ea5y thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i\/kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec? C\u00e1c anh \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau\/chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hay tham v\u1ecdng n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n? <\/i><\/p>\n

L.\u0110: Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 in, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u00ec b\u1ecf qua. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c: t\u00ecm b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf photocopy l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1. Ngay c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy c\u00e2u n\u1ec7 v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 khan hi\u1ebfm. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n n\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u01a1n tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 phi\u00eau l\u01b0u trong s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau\/chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c\/tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 VN.<\/p>\n

N.T. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u avant-garde l\u00e0 Dada, d\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n Dada l\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1ec9 x\u00e9t ri\u00eang \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 nxb Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n \u0111\u1ebfn nay (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9), nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c anh th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n?<\/i><\/p>\n

L.\u0110: Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i. D\u00f9 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 An V\u00e2n, Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a, \u0110o\u00e0n C\u1ea7m Thi, Nh\u01b0 Huy, Jean-Claude Pomonti, Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Hi\u1ebfu, Inrasara\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Mong t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u00fap. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt lu\u00f4n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, nhi\u1ec1u khi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

N.T. C\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua? M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9?<\/i><\/p>\n

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L.\u0110. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i VN. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9\u2026 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

NT: T\u00f4i ngh\u0129, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng k\u00ed t\u00ean L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i (Th\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u01a1) n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean Talawas, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng tranh lu\u1eadn xoay quanh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01a1 r\u00e1c, th\u01a1 d\u01a1, thanh v\u00e0 t\u1ee5c, t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u2026 T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Nh\u01b0 Huy, \u0110o\u00e0n C\u1ea7m Thi, Inrasara, Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Hi\u1ebfu (An V\u00e2n), Phan Nhi\u00ean H\u1ea1o\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c th\u00fa v\u1ecb, cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y (cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2010). H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u say s\u01b0a, ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch h\u01a1n, \u00edt ra, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ee9ng d\u00e0nh cho th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> nh\u01b0 \u0111ang ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng\u2026 \u0110\u1ebfn nay, t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c anh ngh\u0129, t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t ch\u01b0a? Hay l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 do l\u1ea1i co c\u1ee5m v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3? <\/i><\/p>\n

L\u0110: T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 sinh s\u00f4i. Trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u01a1i l\u1ea1c quan th\u00ec \u201ct\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t\u201d, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Cao B\u00e1 Qu\u00e1t, H\u1ed3 Xu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat th\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean l\u1ec1 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

N.T. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u \u00fd anh theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u201dng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat lu\u00f4n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean l\u1ec1 c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m\u201d.<\/i> Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i: nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t <\/i>Nam<\/i> mu\u1ed1n in v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng in t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh, c\u00e1c anh ngh\u0129 sao? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L.\u0110: Xin m\u1eddi k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng mua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m; ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111i xin b\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c xin in. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i quan ni\u1ec7m t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a; tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a khu bi\u1ec7t\u2026 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

N.T. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed7i l\u00fac m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 song song v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 quan ni\u1ec7m m\u0129 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng, th\u01b0a anh? Hi\u1ec7n nay, Gi\u1ea5y V\u1ee5n v\u00e0 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c? <\/i><\/p>\n

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L.\u0110: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed7i l\u00fac m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n\u2026 l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi ngh\u1ec1 h\u01a1n l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f2n \u00edt g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n h\u01a1n\u2026 th\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0o? V\u00ed d\u1ee5 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc xo\u00e1y v\u00e0o c\u00e1i l\u1ed3n, sau n\u00e0y xo\u00e1y v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i xo\u00e1y v\u00e0o th\u1ecbt ch\u00f3, sau n\u00e0y xo\u00e1y v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb\u2026 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n h\u01a1n? Quan ni\u1ec7m m\u0129 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i, l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nai l\u01b0ng ra l\u00e0m g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u00ec thu\u00ea m\u01b0\u1edbn, nh\u1edd v\u1ea3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u. Thao t\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00ec m\u0129 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

N.T: T\u00f4i n\u00f3i \u201c\u00edt g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n\u201d h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd\u2026 b\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi phong tr\u00e0o, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00fa h\u00edch, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 theo th\u1eddi gian, n\u00f3 \u201cch\u00edn\u201d l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u1ebft tinh. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 PH\u00c1 v\u00e0 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i \u2013 t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tr\u1ebb – t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ch\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i\u201d t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf \u1ea5y. Theo m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n gian nan h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Nh\u01b0ng sau PH\u00c1, bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 X\u00c2Y, m\u00e0 X\u00c2Y, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft (xin ph\u00e9p t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 t\u00ean), ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i trong m\u1ed9t trao \u0111\u1ed5i ri\u00eang r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, sau hai t\u1eadp th\u01a1 song ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, anh \u1ea5y th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 quan ni\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n phong tr\u00e0o. C\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng? <\/i><\/p>\n

L\u0110: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec c\u00f3 sinh th\u00ec c\u00f3 di\u1ec7t, ch\u1ec9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0o khi \u1edf trong nh\u00f3m hay khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00ecnh; n\u00ean th\u1ea5y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi ai \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecfi L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u1edf trong M\u1edf Mi\u1ec7ng hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y b\u0103n kho\u0103n n\u00e0o khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c v\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n hay nh\u00f3m S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o; l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Ki\u1ec1u, \u201cm\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u1ebb, m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n v\u1eb9n m\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d, \u201cv\u1eb9n m\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng \u201cm\u1ed9t v\u1ebb\u201d th\u00ec n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng, d\u00f9 \u1edf trong nh\u00f3m hay \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat \u1edf ta, d\u00f9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, n\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cm\u1ed9t v\u1ebb,\u201d c\u1ee9 na n\u00e1 v\u00e0 hao hao v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

N.T. Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i v\u00e0 B\u00f9i Ch\u00e1t v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a L\u00fd \u0110\u1ee3i, \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tranh lu\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c anh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c. <\/i><\/p>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 27\/05\/2011<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u01a1i l\u1ea1c quan th\u00ec \u201ct\u1ef1 do xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t\u201d, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1004,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,133],"tags":[405,419],"class_list":["post-20163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bien-khao","category-phong-van","tag-bui-chat","tag-nha-thuyen"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1004"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20163"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72064,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20163\/revisions\/72064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}