{"id":1430,"date":"2008-11-07T08:06:53","date_gmt":"2008-11-07T08:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/damau.org\/2008\/11\/gi%e1%bb%9bi-van-h%e1%bb%8dc-da-mu-cho-dn-v%e1%bb%8b-t%e1%bb%95ng-th%e1%bb%91ng-c-thin-khi%e1%ba%bfu-van-h%e1%bb%8dc\/"},"modified":"2019-03-02T04:05:32","modified_gmt":"2019-03-02T04:05:32","slug":"gioi-van-hoc-da-mau-chao-don-vi-tong-thong-co-thien-khieu-van-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/1430\/gioi-van-hoc-da-mau-chao-don-vi-tong-thong-co-thien-khieu-van-hoc","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111a màu chào \u0111ón v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng có thiên khi\u1ebfu v\u0103n h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Theo tin c\u1ee7a phóng viên Hillel Italie, National Associated Press<\/em><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n th\u1ecb H\u1ea3i Hà l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch<\/p>\n

\"toni<\/a> Mùa \u0111ông v\u1eeba qua, v\u0103n hào Nobel Toni Morrison nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cú \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Obama, lúc \u1ea5y v\u1eabn còn y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi Ngh\u1ecb s\u0129 Hillary Rodham Clinton trong cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3ng Dân Ch\u1ee7 ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Obama \u0111ã liên l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Morrison kêu g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 giúp \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a bà. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn chuy\u1ec7n chính tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n hào và \u1ee9ng c\u1eed viên \u0111ã chuy\u1ec7n trò \u0111ôi câu v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

“Ông nói v\u1edbi tôi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft mà tôi \u0111ã vi\u1ebft, Song of Solomon<\/i> (Bài Ca c\u1ee7a vua Solomon)<\/i> và nó \u0111ã \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ông nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nào,” Morrison tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n sau cu\u1ed9c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed \u1edf v\u0103n phòng c\u1ee7a bà trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton, n\u01a1i bà d\u1ea1y môn sáng tác v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n

“Và tôi \u0111ã \u0111\u1ecdc tác ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u tay c\u1ee7a ông, h\u1ed3i ký Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance <\/i>(Nh\u1eefng<\/i> Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Cha Tôi: M\u1ed9t Câu Chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1ed9c và Di S\u1ea3n<\/i>). Tôi \u0111ã vô cùng thán ph\u1ee5c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft, suy ngh\u0129, h\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi và sáng tác nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t hay. Tôi vô cùng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9. \u0110ây không ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 là m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed chính tr\u1ecb bình th\u01b0\u1eddng.”<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Morrison và nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi khác, s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng c\u1eed c\u1ee7a Obama quan tr\u1ecdng không ph\u1ea3i b\u1edfi vì ông là v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng da \u0111en \u0111\u1ea7u tiên hay b\u1edfi vì \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7m bút th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ea3ng Dân Ch\u1ee7. Gi\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u1ecdc chào \u0111ón Obama nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cùng gi\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a – ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a chính ông.<\/p>\n

“Khi tôi xem Obama \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n th\u1eafng c\u1eed (t\u1ed1i th\u1ee9 Ba, ngày 4 tháng 11), tôi tin là ông \u0111ã t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft bài di\u1ec5n v\u0103n này, và vì v\u1eady nh\u1eefng gì ông phát bi\u1ec3u là nh\u1eefng gì ông th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u1ea5p \u1ee7 trong tim óc,” Jane Smiley, tác gi\u1ea3 quy\u1ec3n A Thousand Acres<\/i> (Ngàn M\u1eabu \u0110\u1ea5t<\/i>) \u0111ã nói th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

“Tôi th\u1ea5y bài di\u1ec5n v\u0103n t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a chính tr\u1ecb gia s\u1ebd có tính thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nói thông th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra b\u1edfi các nhà v\u0103n vi\u1ebft di\u1ec5n v\u0103n chuyên nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu ông nói d\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chúng ta, ông s\u1ebd th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m kín nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ông.”<\/p>\n

\"everything-is-illuminated\"<\/a> “Cho \u0111\u1ebfn bây gi\u1edd, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc nhà v\u0103n c\u1ee7a tôi ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd trùng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lý l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a tôi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t công dân M\u1ef9 – trong tám n\u0103m qua, tôi dùng v\u0103n c\u1ee7a mình nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i khái ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a tôi,” nhà v\u0103n Johnathan Safran Foer, tác gi\u1ea3 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft siêu h\u01b0 c\u1ea5u<\/i> (meta-fiction) Everything is Illuminated<\/i> (M\u1ecdi V\u1eadt \u0110\u1ec1u \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c  Chi\u1ebfu T\u1ecf<\/i>) \u0111ã phát bi\u1ec3u ý ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

“Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, có \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng t\u1eebng là nhà v\u0103n – và tôi không ng\u1ee5 ý ch\u1ec9 là m\u1ed9t tác gi\u1ea3 có tác ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, mà là m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft toàn v\u1eb9n giá tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eef – b\u1ea5t thình lình tôi th\u1ea5y mình, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u tiên trong \u0111\u1eddi, không ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 là m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tình c\u1edd là ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng là m\u1ed9t nhà v\u0103n M\u1ef9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.”<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng Gi\u1ea5c M\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Cha Tôi<\/i> và sách bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn The Audacity of Hope<\/i> (S\u1ef1 C\u1ea3 Gan c\u1ee7a Hy V\u1ecdng<\/i>) là hai quy\u1ec3n sách <\/i>c\u1ee7a Obama–m\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1n \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bán h\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec7u quy\u1ec3n và \u0111ã \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee3i khen là nh\u1eefng tác ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi chính tr\u1ecb gia mà th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c. Th\u01a1 Obama sáng tác t\u1eeb th\u1eddi còn \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee3i khen – và \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhà phê bình nghiêm kh\u1eafc Harold Bloom so sánh v\u1edbi th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Langston Hughes, m\u1ed9t nhà th\u01a1 Hoa K\u1ef3 da \u0111en n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng Harlem (Harlem Renaissance) khi v\u0103n hóa da \u0111en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed3n th\u1ecbnh \u1edf khu ph\u1ed1 Harlem, New York.<\/p>\n

Toni Morrison, tác gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n A Mercy<\/i> (M\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u01a1ng Xót<\/i>) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n trong tu\u1ea7n t\u1edbi, \u0111ã \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Obama t\u1eeb tháng Giêng, m\u1eb7c dù bà là b\u1ea1n và c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u01b0u ái ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 Hillary Rodham Clinton. Bà \u0111ã n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng là ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi Bill Clinton là v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng da \u0111en \u0111\u1ea7u tiên. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 bà \u0111ang phê bình m\u1ed9t tác ph\u1ea9m, Morrison g\u1eedi thông \u0111i\u1ec7p \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u1ecb Tân T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng cách trích d\u1eabn “óc trí th\u1ee9c, lòng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 và s\u1ef1 chân th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm hoi” c\u1ee7a Obama cùng “kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sáng t\u1ea1o và nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh sâu s\u1eafc [c\u1ee7a ông] \u0111ã t\u1ea1o thành s\u1ef1 uyên thâm.”<\/p>\n

Morrison t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi không bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111ã quá c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a bà s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nào, nh\u01b0 James Baldwin (“Tôi nh\u1edb ông \u1ea5y quá," bà nói), ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia da \u0111en trong th\u1eadp niên 1960 \u0111ã trách c\u1ee9 Robert Kennedy là khinh th\u1ecb dân da \u0111en khi Kennedy tiên \u0111oán (r\u1ea5t chính xác) r\u1eb1ng trong vòng b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd có m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng da \u0111en.  Morrison c\u0169ng nói \u0111ùa r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu tác gi\u1ea3 Ralph Ellison c\u1ee7a tác ph\u1ea9m Invisble Man<\/i> (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vô Hình<\/i>) còn s\u1ed1ng ông có l\u1ebd s\u1ebd s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i tên tác ph\u1ea9m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 tâm tr\u1ea1ng vô hình c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da màu c\u1ee7a ông thành Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1eefu Hình<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Ayelet Waldman, v\u1edbi tác ph\u1ea9m Daughter’s Keeper<\/i> (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Gìn Gi\u1eef Con Gái Mình<\/i>) là ng\u01b0\u1eddi ái m\u1ed9 Obama k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi c\u1ea3 hai còn h\u1ecdc \u1edf Harvard. Ch\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a bà, nhà v\u0103n Michael Chabon, tr\u1edf nên ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Obama b\u1edfi vì “v\u0103n c\u1ee7a ông, và ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bài v\u0103n xuôi c\u1ee7a ông,” Waldman nói. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111ã cùng nhau thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c tác gi\u1ea3 Rick Moody quay sang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Obama, vì tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ây ông \u0111ã \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Hillary Clinton.<\/p>\n

“Tôi nghe bài di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Obama trên \u0111ài radio qu\u1ed1c gia công c\u1ed9ng NPR (National Public Radio), ít lâu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ef3 tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf New York và c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. Ngay lúc \u0111ó tôi \u0111ã ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ông nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nhà v\u0103n, qua cách ông \u0111ã và \u0111ang l\u1eafng nghe ngôn ng\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cách x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vô cùng chính xác nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef thích h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ed9t câu v\u0103n,” Moody phát bi\u1ec3u, tác ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ông bao g\u1ed3m The Ice Storm<\/em> (Bão Tuy\u1ebft \u0110á)<\/em> và The Deviners<\/em> (Các Tiên Tri<\/em>).<\/p>\n

“Nh\u01b0ng tôi cho r\u1eb1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chính là v\u0103n hóa. Có m\u1ed9t dòng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb bên trên xu\u1ed1ng, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111ã hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n cùng m\u1ed9t lúc \u1edf bên trong và bên ngoài n\u1ec1n v\u0103n hóa \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nên m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. \u1ede M\u1ef9, b\u1ea1n có th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y vào th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Bush ch\u1eb3ng ai xem tr\u1ecdng v\u0103n hóa. B\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi không \u01b0a thích ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, khiêu v\u0169, phim \u1ea3nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfm m\u1ecdi c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 che d\u1ea5u thái \u0111\u1ed9 khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng này. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ã có b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 chúng ta tin r\u1eb1ng chúng ta \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc vào th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n.”<\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/p>\n

http:\/\/news.yahoo.com\/s\/ap\/20081106\/ap_en_ot\/writers_and_obama\/print;_ylt=AqB0rO29Vj_9VoBLuvXM0jZY24cA<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u2013 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn l\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eef – b\u1ea5t th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh … kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh c\u1edd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n M\u1ef9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":714,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"h5ap_radio_sources":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[26,42,130],"tags":[145],"class_list":["post-1430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dich-thuat","category-sang-viet-ngu","category-tin-van-hc","tag-barack-obama"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/714"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1430"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":54603,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1430\/revisions\/54603"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/damau.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}