Quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n<\/b><\/p>\n
<\/p>\n Cristoforo Borri d\u00e0nh hai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III v\u00e0 IV, trong Ph\u1ea7n II c\u1ee7a K\u00fd S\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u00f4ng qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh: quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0<\/b> — \u00e2n nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa (sau Minh \u0110\u1ee9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1i Phi<\/strong>) — l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng cha Buzomi v\u00e0 m\u1eddi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng \u00f4ng cai tr\u1ecb, n\u0103m 1618, trong c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd cho h\u1ecd \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n Xin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y ra:<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong do cha Buzomi \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1615, nh\u1edd Minh \u0110\u1ee9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1i Phi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 che ch\u1edf, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. N\u0103m 1616, Macao g\u1eedi th\u00eam ba th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt sang tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap. N\u0103m 1617, linh m\u1ee5c Francisco de Pina, ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3, gi\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u00e0ng Trong t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. De Pina l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. N\u0103m 1618 Macao g\u1eedi Pedro Marques v\u00e0 Cristoforo Borri sang \u0110\u00e0ng Trong. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ee5 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n n\u0103m 1618 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c: n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i tr\u00e0n lan, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed5 t\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111em \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o, khi\u1ebfn \u00abqu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn\u00bb, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y. S\u1ee3 lo\u1ea1n, ch\u00faa S\u00e3i ph\u1ea3i khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 l\u00e1nh \u0111i. H\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh trong v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng-H\u1ed9i An. Cha Buzomi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n ch\u1eefa ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1619, cha Buzomi b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c; quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i An, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu D\u00f2ng T\u00ean g\u1eb7p nhau trong ni\u1ec1m vui kh\u00f4n t\u1ea3. H\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: Cha Pedro Marques \u1edf l\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i An. C\u00e1c Cha Buzomi, de Pina, Borri v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3ng B\u1ed3, theo quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 D\u00f2ng T\u00ean v\u1ec1 Qui Nh\u01a1n<\/b><\/p>\n Borri vi\u1ebft:<\/i><\/p>\n “C\u00e1c cha Francesco Buzome, Francesco di Pina v\u00e0 t\u00f4i r\u1eddi Faifo <\/i>[H\u1ed9i An] \u0111i Pulucambi <\/i>[Quy Nh\u01a1n] c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y; trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch l\u00e3m v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3, cho \u1edf c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch x\u1eed s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. \u00d4ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfn (gal\u00e8re) cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n, c\u00f2n h\u00e0nh l\u00fd ch\u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc ghe kh\u00e1c. V\u1edbi ti\u1ec7n nghi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i tr\u1ecdn 12 ng\u00e0y, s\u00e1ng r\u1eddi, t\u1ed1i c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbn trong v\u00f9ng Quanghia <\/em>[Qu\u1ea3ng Ngh\u0129a<\/em>][2]<\/a> v\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng<\/em>“[3]<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mang nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, \u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n, trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c \u00f4ng l\u1edbn, quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ra l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, khi b\u00e0y tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, khi l\u1eadp tr\u1eadn thu\u1ef7 chi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3, khi ch\u1ea1y thi, ai th\u1eafng \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n l\u00ean th\u0103m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t th\u00edch tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ec1m tin thi\u00eang li\u00eang, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea1c ph\u00fac mi\u00ean vi\u1ec5n.”<\/i>[4]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1eefa l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn dinh: <\/p>\n “\u00d4ng cho \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n, ra l\u1ec7nh \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn 7 con voi; v\u00e0 vinh d\u1ef1 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m k\u1ebb th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111i b\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111i ng\u1ef1a. V\u00ec l\u00e0 chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i ch\u01a1i, n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tr\u1ecdn t\u00e1m ng\u00e0y, t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 ch\u1ecb hay em c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ec7c huy ho\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cao l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ef9 v\u1ecb, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1ebfp n\u1ea5u theo l\u1ed1i T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n gia t\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ai n\u1ebfm c\u1ea3<\/i>.<\/p>\n Khi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn dinh, l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac linh \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 d\u00e0nh cho vua ch\u00faa. Ti\u1ec7c t\u00f9ng trong t\u00e1m ng\u00e0y li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp. Quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ec5m ch\u1ec7 tr\u00ean ngai, d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c v\u1edbi \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng th\u00ea thi\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con \u00f4ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 kinh ng\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t Cung \u0111\u00ecnh <\/i>(sa Cour) m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cung th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n ai nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u00f4ng ho\u00e0ng b\u00e0 ch\u00faa. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 tin \u0111\u1ed3n r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 con vua \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn tai quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, \u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng l\u1eafm, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i c\u00e1c quan l\u1edbn trong tri\u1ec1u, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c l\u00e0 con vua th\u1eadt, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n l\u00e0 thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t, v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt l\u00f2ng mu\u1ed1n nghe h\u1ecd, ch\u1ecbu tu\u00e2n theo nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd m\u00e0 h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9c tin m\u00e0 h\u1ecd truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: “Ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3ng, ta th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0o ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i. V\u1eady, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i h\u00e3y x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0m, b\u1edfi, ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi trong c\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, m\u00e0 ta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1edd c\u00e1c Cha \u0111em l\u1ea1i.”. Tuy v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n Ph\u00fac \u00c2m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u00ednh s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe, b\u1edfi ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9c \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i.”<\/i>[5]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Borri: \u00f4ng hay n\u00f3i qu\u00e1, d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef nh\u01b0 “cung \u0111\u00ecnh” \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 dinh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 long tr\u1ecdng v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n nho h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, n\u00ean \u00f4ng t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn, mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 nh\u1eefng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea1o uy t\u00edn cho h\u1ecd, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 con dao hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i, \u0111em lai s\u1ef1 ganh t\u1ef5 v\u00e0 th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sau khi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd qua \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n Sau t\u00e1m ng\u00e0y \u1edf dinh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ea, c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ba d\u1eb7m [4km434][6]<\/a> c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ng\u1ecf \u00fd mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n: quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 cho h\u1ecd trong th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n[7]<\/a>:<\/p>\n “Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00e1m \u01a1n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cho bao nhi\u00eau \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a d\u1ee9t, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00e1o lui, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c leo l\u00ean voi, c\u00f9ng \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng \u0111i Nuoecman <\/i>[N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n], th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 d\u00e0i n\u0103m d\u1eb7m, r\u1ed9ng n\u0103m d\u1eb7m <\/i>[7km390]. \u1ede \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed3ng h\u1eadu theo l\u1ec7nh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a y\u00ean t\u00e2m, ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau l\u1ea1i th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m xem ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 chu t\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng<\/i>.”[8]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n S\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3i c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n, \u00f4ng c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u1ea3 “ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n” g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tu s\u0129, th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn. \u00d4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n g\u1eedi qu\u00e0 c\u00e1p, v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 d\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i x\u1eed \u00e1n t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh, x\u1eed b\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean n\u1ecf, b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i \u0111em \u0111i b\u1eafn, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 xin tha cho t\u1ed9i ch\u1ebft, quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u01b0ng thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1:<\/p>\n “N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c xin th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i, ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Ta ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd ph\u00fat h\u1ebft b\u1ecb <\/i>[b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn] r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1o th\u00e1nh, qua l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u0169ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u l\u00f2ng ta”.<\/i>[9]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 l\u1edbn \u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n.<\/p>\n N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3. V\u1eady \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n Bonifacy vi\u1ebft trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch s\u1ed1 99:<\/p>\n “Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n, c\u00f3 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a cha de Rhodes, kh\u00f4ng xa v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, l\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ecdt. T\u00f4i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i: t\u1ec9nh Pulucambi, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 Qui Nh\u01a1n, l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh”<\/i>[10]<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n C\u00e2u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1m hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a cha de Rhodes, kh\u00f4ng xa v\u1ec1 phi\u00e1 b\u1eafc N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n l\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ecdt. Pulucambi l\u00e0 B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Quy Nh\u01a1n, N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n v\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i> ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn N\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u1ecdt<\/i> (\u0111\u1ea7m \u0110\u1ec1 Gi), m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n<\/i>, nh\u01b0ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n: th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n<\/i> (nay thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Tuy Ph\u01b0\u1edbc) \u1edf c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7m Th\u1ecb N\u1ea1i, <\/i>l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n<\/i> l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. T\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y nay k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Sa Hu\u1ef3nh t\u1edbi G\u00e0nh R\u00e1ng. Trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi Borri, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u1ecbch Pulucambi l\u00e0 Quy Nh\u01a1n, <\/i>v\u00ec t\u00ean B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Gia Long.<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n<\/b><\/p>\n Borri vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “Sau \u0111\u00f3 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed7 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng ra l\u1ec7nh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Sau khi duy\u1ec7t xong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 dinh \u1edf nh\u00e0 qu\u00ea, ch\u1ec9 ba ng\u00e0y sau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o tin nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hoan h\u1ec9 v\u00e0 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra xem nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u00ab\u0111\u1ebfn\u00bb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o, v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 theo ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec nh\u00e0 th\u1edd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9t l\u1edbn.<\/i> B\u1ed7ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 h\u01a1n ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, mang n\u1eb7ng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed7i c\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1n kh\u00eanh, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, k\u1ebb th\u00ec v\u00e1c s\u00e0 nh\u00e0, v\u00e1c c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec mang \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed9t, hay gh\u1ebf d\u00e0i, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, k\u00e9o nhau v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, b\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea7y s\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft n\u1ed7i hoan h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 sung s\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc s\u00e2n n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1i bu\u1ed3n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t nh\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ra v\u1ec1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1t.<\/i> Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i e ng\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn ngay, khi th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed3i l\u00ean mi\u1ebfng g\u1ed7 m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd khu\u00e2n v\u00e1c v\u00e0 tr\u00f4ng nom, m\u00f3c b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y n\u1ed3i ni\u00eau, g\u1ea1o, th\u1ecbt, c\u00e1 ra v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n n\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ai gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1. Sau khi h\u1ecd \u0103n xong th\u00ec v\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn, \u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e2y \u0111o, nh\u00ecn k\u1ef9 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xong xu\u00f4i, \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00eanh c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00fang n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo l\u1ed1i d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ee9 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn, l\u1eafp xong r\u1ed3i ra v\u1ec1. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0m theo \u0111\u00fang tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kinh ng\u1ea1c, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng xong nh\u00e0 th\u1edd! Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0m v\u1ed9i qu\u00e1 hay v\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 s\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t, n\u00ean nh\u00e0 th\u1edd h\u01a1i b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t phi\u00e1. Quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin, b\u00e8n g\u1ecdi ngay ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn, ra l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n, mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ee3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh b\u1ea3o th\u00e1o nh\u00e0 th\u1edd ra t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u01a1n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf, trong khi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea1t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, th\u00ec Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u1edbi bao nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa”<\/i>[11]<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7<\/i> \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf XVII, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Borri m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u00e0nh ng\u1ecdn v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. Ng\u00e0y nay, khi th\u0103m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd x\u01b0a c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd b\u1ed1n tr\u0103m n\u0103m<\/i> v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 lim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Borri m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong Ph\u1ea7n I c\u1ee7a K\u00fd s\u1ef1, thanh cao, ng\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, trong vai tr\u00f2 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1edd N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n<\/i>, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 hai<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp d\u1ef1ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sau nh\u00e0 th\u1edd \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, do Minh \u0110\u1ee9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1i Phi d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1615, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y n\u0103m 1618. Borri vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “\u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd d\u00e0nh cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, t\u00f4i xin k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y: Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, B\u1ea9y, T\u00e1m, \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 gi\u00f3 T\u00e2y Nam n\u00f3ng hun ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7, b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00e1y, b\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1m than nh\u1ecf r\u01a1i, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n hay m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 l\u1eeda b\u1eaft ch\u00e1y nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng ho\u1ea3 (…)<\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, v\u00ec \u1edf gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00f2ng qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh r\u1ee1 m\u00e1i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u1edf phi\u00e1 T\u00e2y Nam nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i trong hai th\u00e1ng n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t. S\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian g\u1ea7n hai d\u1eb7m.<\/i><\/p>\n \u00d4ng ra l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u1eeda, th\u00ec s\u1ebd ch\u1eefa k\u1ecbp, kh\u00f4ng lan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. V\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi vui v\u1ebb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0169ng k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/i>.”[12]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u00c2n hu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng t\u1eed t\u1ebf hi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c thi\u00ean v\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, coi th\u01b0\u1eddng sinh m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u00f2i ch\u00e2m m\u1ed1i ganh gh\u00e9t c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, sau khi \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Quy Nh\u01a1n<\/b><\/p>\n M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, th\u00ec n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh x\u1ea9y ra: c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd. Nguy\u00ean do nh\u01b0 sau: M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m \u0111i s\u0103n, tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng g\u1eaft, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m n\u1eafng r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng. Borri k\u1ec3: Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m \u00f4ng v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng qua kh\u1ecfi th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i cho \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf; nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o g\u00ec th\u00eam, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 ba, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00ea s\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 ba ng\u00e0y sau \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “Th\u1ef1c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh dung n\u1ed7i b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i, b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t x\u1ee9 l\u1ea1, kh\u00f4ng ai gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i; trong khi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9c tin Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 x\u1ee9 s\u1edf<\/i>.<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u00ean th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 nghi, \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u00ea t\u00edn, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 hai, ba vi\u1ec7c, khi\u1ebfn ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n ra nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/i><\/p>\n Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, trong l\u00fac quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ea7m m\u00e3 t\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e2m ch\u00e9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1eafn t\u00ean, b\u1eafn s\u00fang ho\u1ea3 mai, trong c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt l\u1ea5y m\u00e3 t\u1ea5u ch\u00e9m v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. H\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf, th\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecda kh\u00f4ng cho qu\u1ef7 ma \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i linh h\u1ed3n quan s\u1eafp r\u1eddi x\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 nghi m\u00ea t\u00edn n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t s\u1ef1 d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eef s\u1ebd x\u1ea9y ra cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng Quy Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y, m\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7, m\u1ed7i khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan trong qua \u0111\u1eddi, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp nh\u1eefng onsaij t\u1ee9c th\u1ea7y tu trong x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nguy\u00ean do l\u00fd t\u00ednh hay t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean do m\u00ea t\u00edn v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chung, v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean do <\/i>[v\u1eadt n\u00e0y hay v\u1eadt kia] c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, t\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u0111em v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1ed1t, cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0, c\u0103n nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c, con v\u1eadt, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c onsaij h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp trong s\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i s\u00e0m d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111ang x\u1ea9y ra. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 v\u00ec h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn <\/i>[s\u1ebd b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m] v\u00ec trong v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u1edbi ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, cho nh\u00e0 \u1edf, l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 th\u1edd trong t\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi bao nhi\u00eau bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb l\u00f2ng tin y\u00eau Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 \u1edf, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/i><\/p>\n Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c s\u1ea3nh, k\u00fd th\u00e1c cho Ch\u00faa che ch\u1edf, v\u00e0 s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb b\u00e0n tay Th\u00e1nh Ch\u00faa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, qua ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t onsaij gi\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ecdn, v\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5, l\u00ean gi\u1ecdng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i l\u00fd do n\u00e0y: \u0111\u1eb1ng sau <\/i>[ph\u1ea7n] dinh m\u1edbi x\u00e2y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i s\u00e0 nh\u00e0<\/i>[13]<\/a> r\u01a1i, c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ea5y h\u00f4m. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng vi\u1ec7n l\u1ebd: quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00ea s\u1ea3ng v\u00ec b\u1ecb n\u00f3 r\u01a1i tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u00ea t\u00edn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ongsaij kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ed1t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi trong dinh th\u00e0nh tro. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m \u01a1n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n<\/i>“[14]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Borri vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, s\u1ef1 m\u00ea t\u00edn, tin c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u, ch\u1ebft \u0111i s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9 g\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd c\u0169ng \u1edf trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00e9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb ma qu\u1ef7<\/i> c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y c\u00fang, th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng treo v\u00f2ng t\u1ecfi,<\/i> hay d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n ma qu\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0y tr\u1eeb t\u00e0 (exorciste) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 th\u00e0y tu, T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. S\u1ef1 d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t m\u00e0 Borri tr\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, c\u0169ng lan tr\u00e0n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/i>, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 gi\u00e1o s\u0129: Borri v\u00e0 de Rhodes, trong K\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt vi\u1ec7c \u00abch\u1eefa b\u00e1ch b\u1ec7nh\u00bb v\u00e0 \u00abl\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i\u00bb b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n Ri\u00eang m\u00e0n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c onsaij h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp trong s\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/i>, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng t\u1ea3 trong v\u1ee5 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u1ee1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng. V\u00e2y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ai?<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn \u00abh\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp\u00bb trong c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd?<\/p>\n Borri g\u1ecdi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng onsaij, <\/i>v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ecd l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y tu, v\u00ec \u00f4ng <\/i>kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, \u0103n chay tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp \u1edf dinh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u quy\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng<\/i>. B\u1edfi v\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p k\u1ef7 c\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n T\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh k\u1ebft \u00e1n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u: Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp t\u00f2a \u00e1n, k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 “ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y” l\u00ean gi\u00e0n thi\u00eau. N\u1eef anh h\u00f9ng Jeanne d’Arc l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ph\u00e1p, b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a ra to\u00e0 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o do Pierre Cochon, T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m M\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn Beauvais ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda, k\u1ebft \u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 b\u1ecb thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y 30-5-1431 \u1edf Rouen. Ho\u1eb7c khi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb chinh ph\u1ee5c conquistadors<\/i> T\u00e2y Ban Nha nh\u00e2n danh \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa, sang chi\u1ebfm Nam M\u1ef9, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o <\/i>kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh k\u1ebb chinh ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n Borri, b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/i> c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, n\u00ean khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp \u1edf nh\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ed9i ngh\u0129: “H\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7, m\u1ed7i khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan trong qua \u0111\u1eddi, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp nh\u1eefng onsaij, hay th\u1ea7y tu trong x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n”<\/i>, v\u00e0 sau khi h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp xong: “H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 tay v\u00e0o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 \u1edf, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu”.<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 Borri n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c trong v\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 th\u00e2n quy\u1ebfn trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c, ghen gh\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3i ng\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u1ecdng v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, n\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9; v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao ni\u00ean nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o t\u00ecm k\u1ebf th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 cho c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y tu.<\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 Borri k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ecb \u0111oan m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng onsaij<\/i> \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 chi\u00eau h\u1ed3n, v\u00ec tin r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n (nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh) c\u00f2n u\u1ea9n \u1ee9c th\u00ec th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00fac. Linh h\u1ed3n<\/i> n\u00e0y Borri g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ef7<\/i>:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y,<\/i> gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng s\u00e3i chi\u00eau h\u1ed3n (onsaij n\u00e9gromant) \u0111\u1ebfn. B\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00e0i n\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 ganh \u0111ua, <\/i>[\u00f4ng s\u00e3i] h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia c\u00f3 ai mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadn \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef7 kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. Th\u1ea7y chi\u00eau h\u1ed3n v\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n, l\u00e0m ph\u00f9 ph\u00e9p, kh\u1ea5n v\u00e1i, l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 <\/i>[b\u1eaft quy\u1ebft] cho t\u1edbi khi n\u00e0o con qu\u1ef7 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n, nh\u01b0ng v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. Sau c\u00f9ng, b\u00e0 ch\u1ecb quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t, xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 b\u00e0 t\u1ecf d\u1ea5u b\u1ecb qu\u1ef7 \u00e1m, b\u1edfi b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0 l\u1ee5 kh\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee1, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1eed t\u1ecda<\/i>, b\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ea9y m\u00faa nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i, v\u1ee9t c\u00e2y g\u1eady treo l\u01a1 l\u1eedng tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian qu\u1ef7 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u00e0. B\u00e0 qu\u00e1t th\u00e1o gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfm nh\u00e3, ch\u1eedi b\u1edbi n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3n em b\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o; \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng \u1ea5y, con qu\u1ef7 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c b\u00e0, b\u00e0 li\u1ec1n ng\u00e3 quay ra \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebft gi\u1ea5c, t\u00e1m ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eady, trong khi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 b\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m ca t\u1ee5ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea1ng danh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1<\/i>“[15]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00f4ng s\u00e3i chi\u00eau h\u1ed3n, <\/i>b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y tu \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, ph\u1ea3i theo lu\u1eadt t\u1eafc nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a, kh\u00f4ng tin d\u1ecb \u0111oan. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa Borri l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e0 s\u01b0<\/i> v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed3ng, th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p, <\/i>v\u00e0 <\/i>\u00f4ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u1ecdi h\u1ed3n<\/i>, v\u00e0 h\u1ed3n <\/i>\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y <\/i>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/i>g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 con qu\u1ef7<\/i> (le d\u00e9mon). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1ecdi h\u1ed3n, th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p (le n\u00e9gromant) h\u1ecfi xem c\u00f3 ai mu\u1ed1n h\u1ed3n nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng ta c\u00f3 ph\u00e9p ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt th\u00f4i mi\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0a th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u00f4i mi\u00ean l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung, ho\u1eb7c sai khi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c m\u00e0n \u1ea3o thu\u1eadt. Th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ch\u1ecb quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n \u1ea3o thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1 k\u1ef3, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1. Borri d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef onsaij <\/i>\u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khi \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n Xin nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: ch\u1eef onsaij <\/i>c\u1ee7a Borri kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng s\u01b0<\/i> \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p<\/i> (n\u00e9gromant<\/i>) chuy\u00ean tr\u1eeb ma qu\u1ef7 (exorciste) <\/i>\u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i b\u1ecb “qu\u1ef7 \u00e1m”, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 gi\u00e1o, h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 t\u1ebf ma qu\u1ef7 trong c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7u t\u00e0 (messe noire)<\/i> \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o nh\u1eefng onsaij<\/i> g\u00e2y t\u1ed9i \u00e1c, \u0111\u00f2i thi\u00eau s\u1ed1ng<\/i> c\u00e1c v\u1ecb linh m\u1ee5c, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng onsaij<\/i> v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y ph\u00e1p trong c\u00e1c m\u00e0n tr\u1eeb t\u00e0, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Borri, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong lu\u1eadt t\u1eafc tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m (hay c\u1ed1 \u00fd xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c) \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Cristoforo Borri c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn khi cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch in ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1m tang quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd<\/b><\/p>\n Sau \u0111\u00f3, Borri m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1m ma quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 tang l\u1ec5 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng quan l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong:<\/p>\n “Sau c\u00f9ng, xin n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tang l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 v\u00ec, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 vinh danh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch phong th\u00e1nh cho h\u1ecd, \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong n\u01a1i m\u00e0 Qu\u1ef7 Ma b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1nh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y <\/strong><\/em>[16]<\/a>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ec7 long tr\u1ecdng h\u00f3a tang l\u1ec5 nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng minh trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c trong m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, hi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh <\/em>[…] v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t tang l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tang l\u1ec5 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i trang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7, \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vinh d\u1ef1 thi\u00eang li\u00eang, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh th\u1ea7n. Chi\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ra, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0nh x\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u tang ch\u1ebf, u bu\u1ed3n sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf ra vui v\u1ebb, b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, trong t\u00e1m ng\u00e0y li\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00e3i ti\u1ec7c cho d\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i, v\u1edbi h\u00e1t h\u00f2, nh\u1ea9y m\u00faa, khi th\u00ec v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, khi th\u00ec v\u1edbi k\u00e8n, tr\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n binh.<\/i><\/p>\n T\u00e1m ng\u00e0y tr\u00f4i qua, x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e0n trong chi\u1ebfc quan t\u00e0i b\u1ea1c s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i, r\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ecdng, c\u00f9ng \u0111o\u00e0n tu\u1ef3 t\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00faa, ca, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Chifu <\/em>[17]<\/a> c\u00e1ch ba ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Dinh n\u01a1i \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1ng, t\u00e0n t\u1ea1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ra kh\u1ecfi tr\u00ed \u00f3c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ca t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n.<\/em><\/p>\n Khi linh c\u1eefu \u0111\u1ebfn Chifu, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft tay x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t dinh m\u1edbi <\/i>[\u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e3], c\u0169ng sang tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 dinh n\u01a1i \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea7u sang ph\u00fa qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn, d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1eafp b\u00e1nh xe r\u1ea5t m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u1ed9. Ch\u1eb3ng qu\u1ea3n ng\u1ea1i t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, h\u1ecd l\u00e0m c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7y voi, b\u1ea7y ng\u1ef1a g\u1ed7, h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt th\u1eadt m\u00e0 quan kh\u00e1m l\u00fd v\u1eabn c\u01b0\u1ee1i khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng.<\/i> \u1ede gi\u1eefa dinh, tr\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7 c\u00f3 b\u00e0n th\u1edd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 quan t\u00e0i quan kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eady n\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 tranh \u1ea3nh, k\u00edch th\u00edch cao \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i d\u1ecb \u0111oan c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, trong ba ng\u00e0y li\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec5 hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 nghi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m, s\u00e1u tr\u0103m onsaij, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c \u00e1o tr\u1eafng, h\u00e1t h\u00f2, d\u00e2ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, gi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau tr\u00e2u b\u00f2. Nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n hai ng\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n, nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n hai tr\u0103m m\u00f3n \u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/i><\/p>\n H\u1ebft ba ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ed1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e3, dinh, \u0111\u1ec1n, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng trang ho\u00e0ng b\u00e0i tr\u00ed r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i quan t\u00e0i v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111em ch\u00f4n, r\u1ed3i b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ed7, trong m\u01b0\u1eddi hai m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ec3 cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng n\u1eb1m m\u1ed9 n\u00e0o, s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u tin l\u00e0 c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3<\/i>.<\/i><\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nghi l\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau, v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n tr\u0103ng th\u1ee9 b\u1ea9y, theo c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1c <\/i>[l\u1ec5 th\u1ea5t tu\u1ea7n hay 49 ng\u00e0y]; sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1c <\/i>[100 ng\u00e0y], nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn 3 n\u0103m; chi ph\u00ed, b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n (l\u01b0\u01a1ng) c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y, v\u00ec theo l\u1ec7nh ch\u00faa, trong ba n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta<\/i> tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh th\u0103ng l\u00ean ngang b\u1eadc th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay \u00f4ng <\/i>[cai tr\u1ecb] l\u00e0 quan Ph\u00f3 Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, con trai \u00f4ng<\/i>“.[18]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1m ma ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c quan l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ea3 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5, Borri c\u00f2n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 49 ng\u00e0y, l\u1ec5 100 ng\u00e0y, trong phong t\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n C\u00e1ch ch\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ed m\u1eadt trong m\u01b0\u1eddi hai m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00e1c nhau <\/i>l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 y\u1ec3m m\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng Borri l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0ng m\u00e3<\/i>, ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e2m, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m dinh th\u1ef1, d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8, voi, ng\u1ef1a, b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed1t xu\u1ed1ng \u00e2m ph\u1ee7 cho quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd “s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng”. T\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, n\u1eb1m trong quan ni\u1ec7m d\u00e2n gian v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi si\u00eau h\u00ecnh, sau khi ch\u1ebft, \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t… ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nam M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Ma qu\u1ef7<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Borri ph\u00f3ng to l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 “s\u1ef1 m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i” v\u00e0 “b\u1ecb l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp” c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u”, t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1eebng danh trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft kinh d\u1ecb nh\u01b0 ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng Dracula, qu\u1ef7 nh\u1eadp tr\u00e0ng Frankenstein, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua v\u00e9 v\u00e0o xem c\u00e1c l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i b\u1ecb “qu\u1ef7 \u00e1m” \u1edf Anh. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng “\u00ea-k\u00edp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u” d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u00f3 ma \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u00e1c con ma<\/i> tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00ednh Borri c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng s\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa (Cat\u00e9chisme), \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c v\u1edbi qu\u1ef7 s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u0103n d\u1ecda c\u00e1c c\u00f4 h\u1ea7u thi\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a S\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi xin l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i[19]<\/a>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khinh b\u1ec9 r\u1eb1ng “\u0110\u00e0ng Trong n\u01a1i m\u00e0 Qu\u1ef7 Ma b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1nh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y”.<\/i><\/p>\n Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 chi ti\u1ebft: con trai quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, sau khi cha ch\u1ebft, l\u00ean k\u1ebf v\u1ecb cha, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Con trai b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 tang cha trong ba n\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh. V\u00e0 khi v\u1ecb quan \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ec9nh qua \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i ba n\u0103m m\u1edbi c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e2u v\u0103n sau \u0111\u00e2y, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1edbi “n\u0103m, s\u00e1u tr\u0103m \u00f4ng s\u00e3i”<\/i>, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “Trong ba ng\u00e0y li\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec5 hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 nghi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m, s\u00e1u tr\u0103m onsaij, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c \u00e1o tr\u1eafng, <\/b>h\u00e1t h\u00f2, d\u00e2ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, gi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau tr\u00e2u b\u00f2. Nh\u1eefng b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, v\u1edbi g\u1ea7n hai ng\u00e0n qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01a1n hai tr\u0103m m\u00f3n \u0103n kh\u00e1c nhau.”<\/i><\/p>\n Borri kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ea7u tr\u1eafng l\u00e0 m\u00e0u tang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1edbi n\u0103m, s\u00e1u tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c \u00e1o tr\u1eafng<\/i>, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, gia nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00ednh tr\u00e1ng h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o tang quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng onsaij, <\/i>v\u00ec s\u01b0 m\u1eb7c \u00e1o n\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c \u00e1o v\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e1t h\u00f2, d\u00e2ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, gi\u1ebft tr\u00e2u b\u00f2. S\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n hai ng\u00e0n, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n, m\u1ed7i b\u00e0n h\u01a1n hai tr\u0103m m\u00f3n \u0103n<\/i>, c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 tin, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Bonifacy d\u1ecbch l\u1ea7m, ho\u1eb7c Borri vi\u1ebft qu\u00e1.<\/p>\n C\u1ea3 ba linh m\u1ee5c Buzomi, de Pina v\u00e0 Borri, \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y. N\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, sau \u0111\u00e1m ma quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn lao, Borri vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “Gia \u0111\u00ecnh quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng con voi th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vinh d\u1ef1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng khi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng<\/i>.<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vinh h\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd<\/i><\/b>, b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f4i c\u00fat, kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111o\u00e1i ho\u00e0i. Ch\u1eb3ng ai c\u00f2n nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa, trong tay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i \u00c9cu, trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t, ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n ti\u1ec1n thu\u1ed1c thang, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng \u0103n, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0103n xin \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n. V\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edd c\u1eady quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ki\u1ebfm ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-Su. Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n ai \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u1eefa, v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, n\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9<\/i>[20]<\/b><\/i><\/a> nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng ai quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ba k\u1ebb kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0y, c\u00f4 qu\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd khinh b\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u1edbi, do ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111em v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd<\/i>.<\/i><\/p>\n Ba n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7i \u0111\u1edbn \u0111au th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, b\u1edfi ch\u1ec9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hao m\u00f2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o”<\/i>[21]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Borri n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec b\u1ecb xua \u0111u\u1ed5i sau khi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd qua \u0111\u1eddi, m\u00e0 v\u00ec d\u00e2n ch\u00fang t\u1ecf ra xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi<\/i>, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n V\u1eeba \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1 x\u1ea9y ra, Borri tin r\u1eb1ng do \u01a1n tr\u00ean an b\u00e0i: \u00c2n nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap hai cha Borri v\u00e0 Buzomi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n: \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Orsola, phu nh\u00e2n s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u1edf Cao Mi\u00ean.<\/b><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e2n nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, \u00e2n nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai, v\u1eeba qua \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 trong Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n V\u1ec1 lai l\u1ecbch quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>\n – Borri kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u00ean \u00f4ng, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ghi Gouverneur de Pulucambi. <\/i>\u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i>, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: “\u0110\u00e0ng Trong chia l\u00e0m 5 dinh:<\/i>[…] dinh th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 Quignin <\/b><\/i>[Qui Nh\u01a1n] m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Pullucambi<\/i><\/b>“<\/i>[22]<\/a>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Gouverneur de Pulucambi, <\/i>ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qui Nh\u01a1n.<\/i><\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i> ghi: “ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n, sau \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh Qui Nh\u00e2n r\u1ed3i Quy Nh\u01a1n, thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam<\/i>“. V\u1eady, Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n hay Quy Nh\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee7<\/i> thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam.<\/p>\n – Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim vi\u1ebft: “C\u00f2n ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nghi\u00e3 <\/i>[Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i] v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 Qui Nh\u00e2n <\/i>[Qui Nh\u01a1n] th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, cho n\u00ean m\u1ed7i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t ri\u00eang quan Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 coi m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c<\/i>.“<\/i>[23]<\/b><\/i><\/a> <\/i>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u1ee7 Qui Nh\u01a1n thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o dinh<\/i> Qu\u1ea3ng Nam (m\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u1ea5y Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc K\u1ef3, con c\u1ea3 ch\u00faa S\u00e3i). Cho n\u00ean ch\u1eef Gouverneur<\/i> c\u1ee7a Borri kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7<\/i>, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7<\/i> hay Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd.<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eefa, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eef Gouverneur <\/i>n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd<\/i>:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c<\/i> ghi: “B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd <\/i>[1602] Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u00e2n (nay thu\u1ed9c B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh) l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a (b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1ed1ng qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 con D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e0m h\u1ea7u Tr\u1ea7n Ng\u1ecdc Ph\u00e2n, ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam) \u0111\u1ebfn y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn, ch\u00faa <\/i>[Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng] \u0111\u00e3i r\u1ea5t h\u1eadu.”<\/i>[24]<\/b><\/i><\/a> Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: Quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u00e2n n\u0103m 1602 l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a.<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ta l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> c\u1ee7a Borri so\u1ea1n kho\u1ea3ng 1620-1622.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Nam tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed<\/i> c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam so\u1ea1n n\u0103m 1719. Sau Borri 100 n\u0103m. <\/i><\/p>\n Ph\u1ee7 bi\u00ean t\u1ea1p l\u1ee5c<\/i> c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n so\u1ea1n n\u0103m 1776, sau Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c<\/i> do vua Minh M\u1ea1ng ra l\u1ec7nh so\u1ea1n sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i n\u0103m 1820, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam (Xem ch\u01b0\u01a1ng1: B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0110\u00e0ng Trong).<\/p>\n L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n V\u1eady, Borri l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Quy Nh\u01a1n, <\/b>trong K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong,<\/i> s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng \u00dd, cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd trong Nam Tri\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed, <\/i>s\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft sau Cristoforo Borri m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, t\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd b\u1ecf L\u00ea Tr\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2 ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “Ch\u00faa Nam Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111i th\u0103m c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, th\u1ea5y n\u00fai \u1ea2i V\u00e2n <\/i>[H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n] hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, s\u1eebng s\u1eefng v\u01b0\u01a1n cao, \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00ed t\u1ef1a n\u00fai Ma Thi\u00ean L\u0129nh \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t Ba Th\u1ee5c. \u0110oan V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng khen m\u00e3i, cho l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00fai k\u1ef3. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e8o \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Hoa <\/em>[25]<\/a> Qu\u1ea3ng Nam xem x\u00e9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf n\u00fai non c\u00e1c n\u01a1i trong x\u1ee9. Th\u1ea5y x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7y ngu\u1ed3n hi\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu, c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, b\u00e8n sai d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a tr\u1eef th\u00f3c ti\u1ec1n, m\u01b0u toan c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. L\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eed tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho k\u1ebb d\u00e2n l\u00e0nh. \u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam (s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c <\/i>ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i) gi\u00fap ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n – Sau t\u00e1m n\u0103m b\u1ecb giam l\u1ecfng \u1edf B\u1eafc, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Nam v\u00e0o t\u1ebft \u0110oan ng\u1ecd m\u00f9ng 5 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m Canh T\u00fd,<\/i> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 15-6-1600<\/i>[29]<\/a>. Kho\u1ea3ng 1600-1602, Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng sai d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n <\/em>[30]<\/a>, kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a tr\u1eef th\u00f3c ti\u1ec1n, m\u01b0u toan c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i <\/em>\u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. H\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u1edf trong Dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao trong h\u00e0nh dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 cung c\u1ee7a Minh \u0110\u1ee9c V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1i Phi l\u00e0 b\u00e0 phi c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0m tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1602, n\u00ean sau n\u00e0y, khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u00faa S\u00e3i (1613), \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 coi dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam l\u00e0 “nh\u00e0”, \u00f4ng hay v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, n\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ch\u00faa S\u00e3i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ra Dinh C\u00e1t, \u1edf Tr\u00e0 B\u00e1t, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n – Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a l\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n<\/i> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh L\u00ea-Tr\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng khi Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 1600, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf Tr\u1ecbnh, theo Nguy\u1ec5n, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn theo Nguy\u1ec5n <\/u>Khoa Chi\u00eam, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “em k\u1ebft nghi\u00e3<\/i>” v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec3n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean, t\u1ee9c ch\u00faa S\u00e3i sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n – Nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch quy\u1ec1n uy c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam: ch\u00faa S\u00e3i \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea1o n\u0103m 1618 (v\u00ec n\u1ea1n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, xem ch\u01b0\u01a1ng1) m\u00e0 Tr\u1ea9n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a v\u1eabn c\u00f4ng khai che ch\u1edf c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a, trong chuy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb: Theo \u00f4ng, n\u0103m \u1ea4t S\u1eedu (1625) ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh m\u1edf khoa thi C\u1ed1ng c\u1eed (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi thi H\u01b0\u01a1ng)[31]<\/a>, \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 L\u1ed9c Kh\u00ea, qu\u00ea Thanh H\u00f3a, s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n \u0111i thi nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec con nh\u00e0 ca x\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n b\u1ecf v\u00e0o Nam. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m \u0111i qua ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh phong ph\u00fa, \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb mu\u1ed1n \u1edf l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp th\u00e2n. \u00d4ng v\u00e0o qu\u00e1n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh c\u1edd nghe m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn “quan Kh\u00e1m L\u00fd C\u1ed1ng Qu\u1eadn C\u00f4ng \u1edf x\u00e3 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1, l\u00e0 em k\u1ebft ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi Nam ch\u00faa. M\u1ed7i khi quan Kh\u00e1m L\u00fd v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee7 dinh b\u00e0n n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nam ch\u00faa nghe theo, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ra v\u00e0o t\u1ef1 do trong dinh c\u1ea5m<\/i>“[32]<\/a>. \u0110\u00e0o b\u00e8n \u1edf l\u1ea1i, xin ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u, tr\u1ecdng nho h\u1ecdc. Duy T\u1eeb ban ng\u00e0y ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u, ban \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m ch\u1ee7 m\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o kinh s\u00e1ch, nghe Duy T\u1eeb “n\u00f3i n\u0103ng l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t “b\u00e1c c\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng kim” t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ng\u1ea1c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 m\u1eddi Duy T\u1eeb d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u n\u1eefa, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed Duy T\u1eeb v\u1edbi quan kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0<\/b>, “C\u1ed1ng qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi L\u1ed9c Kh\u00ea ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c y\u00eau qu\u00fd, g\u1ea3 con g\u00e1i cho \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/i>“[33]<\/a>. N\u0103m 1627, Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i th\u1eafng ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh Tr\u00e1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 ch\u00fac m\u1eebng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb[34]<\/a>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb s\u1ebd x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh khai qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n. \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1634. Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1635. Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 m\u1ea5t n\u0103m n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng trong K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i>, Cristoforo Borri vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m tang quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, tuy kh\u00f4ng ghi ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng. Ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi Buzomi, de Pina v\u00e0 Borri \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1m tang. Ri\u00eang c\u00e2u “Ba n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn”<\/i>[35]<\/a>, <\/i>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 ba n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, hay ba n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua, sau khi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 t\u1edbi Qui Nh\u01a1n (n\u0103m 1619); l\u00fd th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng h\u01a1n, v\u1eady ba n\u0103m sau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 1621<\/i>. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, Borri cho bi\u1ebft: v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i chia tay, de Pina tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i An, nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, Buzomi \u0111i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng xin tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3. Borri \u1edf l\u1ea1i N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee3i tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Macao[36]<\/a>. N\u00ean ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng: quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd qua \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1621<\/i>.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI, ph\u1ea7n II, \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nguy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c, Borri l\u1ea1i ghi r\u1eb1ng: “T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 <\/i>[g\u00f5 chu\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1ng] l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong d\u1ecbp nguy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y 9-12-1620,<\/i>[37]<\/a> <\/i>V\u00e0 hai trang sau, \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft, khi x\u1ea9y ra nguy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y “cha Francesco de Pina \u0111ang \u1edf trong tri\u1ec1u<\/i>” [t\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh dinh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam][38]<\/a>. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, th\u00e1ng 12-1620, de Pina \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 quan Kh\u00e1m L\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1620, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u0103m 1621.<\/p>\n V\u00ec de Pina ch\u1ec9 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, sau khi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd m\u1ea5t, v\u1eady ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 trong th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1620.<\/p>\n Borri sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u1edf l\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, g\u1eb7p phu nh\u00e2n s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u1edf Cao Mi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa. B\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha Buzomi r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 Orsola, <\/b>v\u00e0 b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Buzomi v\u00e0 Borri, d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam v\u00e0 Borri l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n Theo Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi C\u1ed1ng c\u1eed khoa \u1ea4t S\u1eedu 1625<\/b>, n\u00ean m\u1edbi b\u1ecf v\u00e0o Nam, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u00e2ng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Ng\u1ecda long c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i> c\u1ee7a Duy T\u1eeb cho ch\u00faa S\u00e3i, sau khi ch\u00faa th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn n\u0103m <\/i>1627<\/b>.<\/i><\/p>\n C\u00f2n theo Borri, quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Quy Nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m <\/i>1620<\/b>,<\/i> v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng Buzomi, de Pina \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1m ma, khi c\u00e1c \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong.<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Cristoforo Borri hay Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam \u0111\u00fang?<\/b><\/p>\n Borri s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft K\u00fd s\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0ng Trong, <\/i>t\u1eeb 1618 \u0111\u1ebfn 1622. Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam vi\u1ebft Nam Tri\u1ec1u <\/i>c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ch\u00ed <\/i>n\u0103m 1719, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau Borri. n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: Borri k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c “m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y tai nghe”, c\u00f2n Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam ch\u1ec9 thu th\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n trong Ph\u1ee7 bi\u00ean t\u1ea1p l\u1ee5c<\/i> (1776), c\u0169ng ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam: \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi khoa \u1ea4t S\u1eedu 1625[39]<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c ti\u1ec1n bi\u00ean <\/i>c\u0169ng ch\u00e9p Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam: Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb sau khi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn n\u0103m 1627[40]<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i Nam li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n,<\/i> c\u0169ng ghi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft: “Sau khi m\u1ea5t <\/i>[Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng phong ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n. D\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd<\/i>.”[41]<\/a> Vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ph\u00fac th\u1ea7n<\/i>, Borri c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed<\/i> vi\u1ebft: “N\u0103m 1623, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 v\u00e0o ch\u1ea7u, ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb,<\/i> <\/b>Hi T\u00f4ng [ch\u00faa S\u00e3i] ban ch\u1ee9c v\u1ec7 u\u00fd n\u1ed9i t\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb khuy\u00ean Hi T\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafp l\u0169y d\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed9ng H\u1ea3i <\/i>[t\u1ee9c l\u0169y Th\u1ea7y] \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh<\/i>“[42]<\/a>.<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed ch\u00e9p n\u0103m Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1623<\/b>. Kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam vi\u1ebft sau khi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed n\u00e0y x\u1ea9y ra, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai l\u1ea7m. <\/i>B\u1edfi v\u00ec theo Borri, th\u00ec Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1620.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu tin Borri, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i cho l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y ra s\u1edbm h\u01a1n<\/i>, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1620, l\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u00faa S\u00e3i v\u1eeba d\u1eb9p xong n\u1ed9i lo\u1ea1n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi em Hi\u1ec7p, Tr\u1ea1ch l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh \u1edf B\u1eafc. Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh n\u0103m 1627) m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam v\u00e0 Borri \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i. Borri vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n “Ch\u00faa c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn, do hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi em, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecd, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0ng Ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00faa trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, trong khi t\u00f4i <\/i>[Borri] \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, hai \u00f4ng ho\u00e0ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c do voi chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf, l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3n \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Khi quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1eb9p, b\u1ecb thua tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i 3000 qu\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng khi quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, th\u00ec hai \u00f4ng ho\u00e0ng thua, m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00fd b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed h\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quan can gi\u00e1n, nh\u1eafc ch\u00faa l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh m\u00e1u m\u1ee7, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00faa ngu\u1ed9i gi\u1eadn, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft t\u00f9 m\u00e0 tha t\u1ed9i ch\u1ebft”.<\/i>[43]<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y trong 10 trang s\u00e1ch, xin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1620, Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f9ng (1570-1620) sai con l\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh Tr\u00e1ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf x\u1ee9 C\u1ea7u Ngh\u1ec7, huy\u1ec7n V\u0129nh Gia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam. Hai em Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ch (con th\u1ee9 b\u1ea9y v\u00e0 th\u01b0 t\u00e1m Nguy\u1ec5n Ho\u00e0ng) \u00e2m m\u01b0u n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n, \u0111em v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng Tr\u1ecbnh Tr\u00e1ng, nh\u1edd l\u00e0m ngo\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng. Tr\u00e1ng b\u00e8n sai \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1ea3i \u0111em 5000 qu\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf B\u1ed1 Ch\u00ednh, Nh\u1eadt L\u1ec7. Nam tri\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Tuy\u00ean [44]<\/a>, ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i ch\u00faa Ti\u00ean, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i tr\u00ed. Hi\u1ec7p, Tr\u1ea1ch b\u00e0n n\u00ean cho Tuy\u00ean \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh Kh\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng Tuy\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u00e2m m\u01b0u n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o: “N\u1ebfu ch\u00e1u \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111i Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh th\u00ec hai ch\u00fa s\u1ebd d\u1ea5y binh l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n”. Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i c\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u1edbc V\u1ec7 [45]<\/a> \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1ea3i. Hi\u1ec7p, Tr\u1ea1ch th\u1ea5y \u00e2m m\u01b0u kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, b\u00e8n ch\u1edf s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn kho \u00c1i T\u1eed (t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kho C\u00e2y Kh\u1ebf), \u0111\u1eafp l\u0169y \u1edf C\u1ed3n C\u00e1t. Ch\u00faa S\u00e3i sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i d\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u00e8n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i binh, Tuy\u00ean ti\u00ean phong, ch\u00faa \u0111i sau ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng. Tuy\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdn Hi\u1ec7p, Tr\u1ea1ch. Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam vi\u1ebft: “V\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111em ch\u00e9m, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c can gi\u00e1n m\u1edbi ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.”<\/em>[46]<\/a>. Borri c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c ti\u1ec1n bi\u00ean<\/i> ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i s\u1eeda th\u00e0nh: “Ch\u00faa mu\u1ed1n tha, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng tha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00e8n sai giam v\u00e0o ng\u1ee5c<\/i>.”[47]<\/a>. Hi\u1ec7p, Tr\u1ea1ch ch\u1ebft trong t\u00f9.<\/p>\n Cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, x\u1ea9y ra n\u0103m 1620<\/i>, l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng,<\/b> cho n\u00ean sau khi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i d\u1eb9p xong lo\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eebng ch\u00faa v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb ch\u0103ng<\/i>?<\/b><\/p>\n B\u1edfi v\u00ec Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb, trong l\u00fac ch\u00faa S\u00e3i c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u00e2n nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa,<\/b> t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh che ch\u1edf cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay trong ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n Borri, tuy kh\u00f4ng ghi r\u00f5 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau \u0111\u00edch danh Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a l\u00e0 Cristoforo Borri v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, (c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch s\u1eed vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam) nh\u01b0ng Borri vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u1ec5n Khoa Chi\u00eam, n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi v\u1ea5n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi: m\u00e0 theo Borri, quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Qui Nh\u01a1n Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1620<\/i>, v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0o Duy T\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea9y ra trong n\u0103m 1620, sau khi ch\u00faa S\u00e3i d\u1eb9p xong cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n trong tri\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sau n\u00e0y, t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia ph\u1ea3 h\u1ecd Tr\u1ea7n \u1edf x\u00e3 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1, thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n, t\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c H\u00f2a, may ra soi t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ee9c b\u00e0 Orsola, phu nh\u00e2n s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u1edf Cao Mi\u00ean<\/b><\/p>\n <\/b><\/p>\n Sau khi quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ho\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 m\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi che ch\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, d\u00e2n Qui Nh\u01a1n th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa. B\u01a1 v\u01a1 \u1edf N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129, s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec b\u1ecb xua \u0111u\u1ed5i hay \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, m\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Borri vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n “Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n ai \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u1eefa (…) m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng ai quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ba k\u1ebb kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0y<\/b>, c\u00f4 qu\u1ea1nh, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd khinh b\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u1edbi, do ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111em v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd”.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Borri cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng “n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o,<\/b> s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o<\/i>“[48]<\/a>.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u \u00abm\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9\u00bb <\/i><\/b>ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u1ea3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t (nh\u01b0ng de Pina gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n c\u1ea3).<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i chia tay:<\/p>\n Francesco de Pina, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i An, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi Pedro Marques. Francesco Buzomi \u0111i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, mong xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3. Borri \u1edf l\u1ea1i N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, \u0111\u1ee3i Macao tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap[49]<\/a>. Trong l\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n n\u1eefa, v\u1ecb \u00e2n nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: Phu nh\u00e2n s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e0ng Trong \u1edf Cao Mi\u00ean.<\/b><\/p>\n D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/i> l\u1eddi Borri k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n T\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ea1i Quy Nh\u01a1n, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n s\u1ea7u n\u00e3o, kh\u00f4ng hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i linh h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, m\u00ecnh t\u00f4i \u1edf nh\u00e0, b\u1ed7ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n voi ch\u1edf \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u \u00f4ng b\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd. B\u00e0 l\u1edbn xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e0i c\u00e1c trong y ph\u1ee5c, n\u1eef trang sang tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u01b0a kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc quang c\u1ea3nh l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft b\u00e0 l\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n ch\u00faa \u0110\u00e0ng Trong g\u1eedi sang Cao Mi\u00ean. S\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec, sau quan Kh\u00e1m l\u00fd Qui Nh\u01a1n; l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111ang \u1edf trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Sinu\u00e0<\/i> (Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1edbi ch\u00faa v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi Cao Mi\u00ean.<\/p>\n Phu nh\u00e2n n\u00f3i ngay cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e0: B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 nghe ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3n r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i, v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 theo b\u00e0, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng duy nh\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i m\u00e0 b\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i. T\u00f4i khen ng\u1ee3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 nh\u01b0ng xin l\u1ed7i ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft ch\u00fat \u00edt ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p<\/i>, v\u00e0 khuy\u00ean b\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee3i cha Buzome \u0111i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng v\u1ec1, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n gi\u1ecfi, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0 \u00fd.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ngay, m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1edb ch\u1ed3ng b\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u00e0 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i theo ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n sang Cao Mi\u00ean, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ch\u1eb3ng g\u1eb7p s\u00f3ng gi\u00f3, m\u1eafc n\u1ea1n, r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f2n d\u1ecbp quy \u0111\u1ea1o n\u1eefa. Borri \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p cho b\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng may m\u1eafn v\u00e0i h\u00f4m sau cha Buzomi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng, hai gi\u1edd bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, hai gi\u1edd bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u, trong hai tu\u1ea7n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ee5c h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa, b\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, c\u00e1ch h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t d\u1eadm, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng voi, m\u00e0 \u0111i ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u01b0\u1edbc qua b\u00f9n nh\u01a1, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1, v\u00e0 b\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn l\u00e0m theo.<\/p>\n H\u1ecd nghe t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 kinh ho\u00e0ng khi nghe nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh, v\u1ec1 qu\u1ef7, v\u1ec1 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9, h\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c… Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0y v\u00f2 h\u1ecd su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, c\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn xin nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n. Phu nh\u00e2n lo ng\u1ea1i: V\u1eady t\u00f4i th\u00ec sao? Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Phu nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a quan \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ai kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady phu nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xin r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00e0 l\u1edbn d\u01a1 tay l\u00ean tr\u1eddi t\u1ecf v\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng l\u1eafm. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef bu\u1ed3n kh\u1ed5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4 k\u00eau la kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m thi\u1ebfp cho \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 n\u1eefa, v\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00f4 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ec3 an \u1ee7i c\u00e1c c\u00f4, b\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd t\u00ecm cho m\u1ed7i c\u00f4 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ch\u1ed3ng. L\u1eddi cam k\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00e1nh tan m\u1ecdi lo \u00e2u. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u1eddi, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 25 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef xinh \u0111\u1eb9p, <\/i>xi\u00eam \u00e1o l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c \u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n qu\u00fd th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng, t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1eb7n, \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 phu nh\u00e2n, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean th\u00e1nh Orsola [ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Ursule]. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea1ng danh ch\u00faa, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 con chi\u00ean <\/i>m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u1edf \u0110\u00e0ng Trong<\/i> (Mission de Cochinchine)[50]<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eadp ph\u00e1 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/b><\/p>\n Th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 <\/b>\u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y <\/b>k\u00e9o theo m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng: nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00abgi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u00bb \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u00e0n t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u0169 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd:<\/p>\n “L\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1m r\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 dinh b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Orsola, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u1edd m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh <\/i>[Ph\u1eadt] m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi c\u00f2n m\u00ea t\u00edn, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4n th\u1edd.<\/i><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1nh kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong nh\u00e0, r\u1ed3i b\u00e0 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn x\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea7n n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 ra t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n d\u1eadm n\u00e1t. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thay v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh Ch\u00faa C\u1ee9u Th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con chi\u00ean m\u1edbi qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1y, x\u01b0ng t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 xin nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m k\u1ebb h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1, vinh danh Ch\u00faa. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111eo Agnus Dei<\/i>[51]<\/b><\/i><\/a> l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1p Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u1ed5, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, m\u1ec1 \u0111ai, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho v\u00e0 h\u1ecd qu\u00fd h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0ng, v\u00f2ng ng\u1ecdc h\u1ecd \u0111eo. Sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ecdc xong kinh, nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1nh ho\u00e1, cha Buzome v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m an \u1ee7i \u0111\u00e3 vinh danh Ch\u00faa<\/i>.”[52]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Borri m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a phu nh\u00e2n s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169, sau khi nh\u1eadn l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i, cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t n\u00e0y: Phu nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1edd, \u0111\u1eadp n\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean. (Bonifacy d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef oratoire<\/i>, t\u1ee9c nh\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n<\/i> theo ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/i> th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c th\u1edd Ph\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c th\u1edd c\u1ea3 hai. B\u00e0n th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i v\u1ecb, b\u00e0n th\u1edd Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt). H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eb5m \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng [Ph\u1eadt] c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai cha Buzomi v\u00e0 Borri ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn<\/i> v\u00e0 h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n.<\/i><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0n \u0111\u1eadp ph\u00e1 b\u00e0n th\u1edd t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, d\u1eb5m n\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt<\/i>, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, trong l\u00f2ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c k\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n S\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ch\u00faa<\/b><\/p>\n Khi v\u1ecb s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n, t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i”, Borri vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “Khi, b\u01b0\u1edbc qua c\u1eeda dinh, kh\u00f4ng nghe th\u1ea5y l\u1eddi ch\u00fac m\u1eebng nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng phu nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 g\u00ec gi\u1eadn \u00f4ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111i qua c\u00e1c gian nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y Orsola v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef, c\u1ed5 \u0111eo m\u1ec1 \u0111ai Agnus Dei, tay l\u1ea7n tr\u00e0ng h\u1ea1t \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc kinh c\u1ea7u Ch\u00faa. S\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n l\u1eb7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y, phu nh\u00e2n c\u1ea5t l\u1eddi xin \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ra \u0111\u00f3n v\u00e0 ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, b\u1edfi b\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh con c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Tr\u1eddi, ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-Su, Ch\u00faa C\u1ee9u Th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 b\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho \u00f4ng h\u00ecnh Ch\u00faa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd. B\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n th\u1edd Ch\u00faa, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngang h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi b\u00e0. V\u1ecb s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa, \u00f4ng r\u01b0ng r\u01b0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4n th\u1edd v\u00e0 qu\u1ef3 l\u1ea1y Ch\u00faa. \u0110o\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1edbi v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef: “Sao phu nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ea1o, mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf ta \u00e0? C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cha l\u00e0 c\u1ea5m \u0111a th\u00ea. V\u1eady, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e1u kh\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ta s\u1ebd tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c”. Orsola tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Phu qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf phu qu\u00e2n, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t”. B\u00e0 \u1ee9ng x\u1eed th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o, kh\u00f4ng bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i ch\u1ed3ng \u0111a th\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp \u1ed5n tho\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi b\u1ec1. Nghe l\u1eddi b\u00e0, s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n t\u0129nh t\u00e2m l\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t n\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 b\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 theo.”<\/i>[53]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n R\u1ed3i s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111a th\u00ea, \u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd b\u1ecf h\u1eb3n con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n “V\u1edbi l\u1ec5 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 k\u00e8n, tr\u1ed1ng, ti\u00eau, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c kh\u00e1c, s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o sang tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ecbu l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 24 k\u1ef5 s\u1ef9 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t cho \u00f4ng t\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00e1nh cha Ignace, \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00f4ng c\u1ea7m tay Orsola xin l\u00e0m ph\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1edbi theo th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Kh\u00f4ng sao t\u1ea3 xi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m song h\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc hai th\u00e1nh l\u1ec5 r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p c\u01b0\u1edbi”.<\/i>[54]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n Sau l\u1ec5, s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n Ignace \u0111i Cao Mi\u00ean.<\/p>\n <\/i><\/p>\n
<\/strong><\/p>\n![\"clip_image002\"](\"https:\/\/damau.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/clip_image002-3.jpg\" "\\"clip_image002\\"")
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B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 vi\u00ean kh\u00e1m l\u00fd \u1edf ph\u1ee7 Ho\u00e0i Nh\u01a1n l\u00e0 C\u1ed1ng qu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng <\/strong><\/em>[26]<\/a> t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh dinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c, xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c gi\u00fap r\u1eadp <\/em>[27]<\/a>. \u0110oan V\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3 m\u1eebng, kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3i r\u1ea5t h\u1eadu<\/em>“[28]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n
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